omid nouri; Mojtaba Zaghari; hosna hajati
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of inorganic selenium replacement with organic selenium from Spirulina algae on performance and breast meat quality of broilers, a total of 160 one-day-old broilers were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments, eight replicates and five birds per ...
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In order to investigate the effect of inorganic selenium replacement with organic selenium from Spirulina algae on performance and breast meat quality of broilers, a total of 160 one-day-old broilers were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments, eight replicates and five birds per each replicate. The sources of selenium used included sodium selenite and organic selenium from Spirulina algae which were replaced at two levels of 50 and 100 percent. The organic selenium was produced by the culture of Spirulina algae and its enrichment with selenium. The selenium content of different treatments was measured by ICP-Mass method. In this experiment, the feed intake and body weight gain parameters were measured weekly and feed conversion ratio was calculated. At 42 day of age, one bird was slaughtered from each replicate and the weight of carcass ready to cook was measured. The breast meat was sampled for measurement of pH and selenium storage. The results showed that it was not observed any significant difference in performance traits and ready to cook carcass percentage among different treatments. There was no significant difference in breast muscle pH at 0 and 24 hours after slaughtering. The amount of selenium deposited in breast muscle of birds fed organic selenium had significant increase when compared with other treatments (P<0.05). Generally, the results of this study showed that 100% replacement of sodium selenite with organic selenium from Spirulina algae led to increase in breast muscle selenium deposition without reduction in bird performance.
Ali Asghar Khalil-Khalili; Mahdi Zhandi; Mojtaba Zaghari; Hassan Mehrbani-Yeganeh; Alireza Yousefi
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of organic selenium (oSe) on blood parameters of male broiler breeder under dexamethasone (Dexa) challange. Fifty broiler breeder roosters (Ross 308) at the age of 64 weeks were randomly allotted to five groups (10 ...
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of organic selenium (oSe) on blood parameters of male broiler breeder under dexamethasone (Dexa) challange. Fifty broiler breeder roosters (Ross 308) at the age of 64 weeks were randomly allotted to five groups (10 roosters/group) and fed a standard diet supplemented with different levels of oSe during 10 successive weeks of the experimental period. To induce stress, dexamethasone (2 mg/kg body weight) was injected during weeks of 4 to 6 of the experiment, in one-day-interval manner. Experimental treatments including diet without oSe supplementation and Dexa treatments (negative control; NC), or treated with Dexa and different levels of oSe including 0 (positive control; PC), 0.15 (Se15+Dexa), 0.30 (Se30+Dexa) or 0.45 (Se45+Dexa) mg/kg of diet. During the experimental period, concentration of testosterone, corticosterone, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), hepatic enzymes activity (ALT and AST), uric acid, total protein, albumin, plasma lipid and glucose parameters, were evaluated every two weeks. Liver enzymes and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, TAC, concentration of uric acid, total protein, albumin and glucose were not affected by the treatments. Dexamethasone injection increased plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and MDA in the PC group compared to the NC group (P<0.05). However, oSe ameliorated these negative impacts in dexamethasone-stressed roosters (P<0.05). Generally, the results of this study indicate that dietary inclusion of oSe mitigate the negative effects of Dexa on some blood parameters in roosters under dexamethasone challange.
Mona Zamani; Mojtaba Zaghari; Fatemeh Ghaziani
Abstract
This experiment was performed to compare the absorption kinetics and utilization of different methionine (Met) sources including synthetic-free crystalline DL-Met (DL-Met), L-methionine (L-Met) and dipeptide (Met-Met) and protein-bound methionine (PB-Met) in broilers with single-meal feed consumption. ...
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This experiment was performed to compare the absorption kinetics and utilization of different methionine (Met) sources including synthetic-free crystalline DL-Met (DL-Met), L-methionine (L-Met) and dipeptide (Met-Met) and protein-bound methionine (PB-Met) in broilers with single-meal feed consumption. A total of 100 female Ross 308 broiler chickens were fed in a completely randomized design with five experimental diets (basal, DL-Met2.0, L-Met2.0, Met-Met2.0 and PB-Met2.0) in accordance with compliance to the single-meal broiler breeder from 39 to 60 days of age. During experimental period, 90 grams of pellet feed was given per chicken once a day, which was consumed within 17±2.5 minutes. The results showed that dietary supplementation with PB-Met2.0 caused a significant improvement (P<0.01) in growth performance, compared to the consumption of synthetic amino acids. The maximum blood plasma methionine concentration was observed at 1 hour after consumption of diets containing DL-Met2.0 and Met-Met2.0 and 2 hours after consumption of diets containing PB-Met2.0 and L-Met2.0 (P<0.01). The highest carcass protein content and protein utilization efficiency (P<0.01) and also the lowest excreta nitrogen content (P<0.05) were observed in treatment containing PB-Met2.0. The efficacy of essential amino acids, especially methionine was increased in chickens fed diet containig PB-Met (P<0.01). As a result, it seems that DL-Met and Met-Met have less efficiency in broilers with single-meal feed consumption, due to the lack of absorption synchronization with other amino acids. Therefore, the absorption synchronization of methionine using appropriate sources increases its efficiency. In conclusion, PB-Met is recommended as a preferred source of methionine in diet of broilers with single-meal feed consumption.
Hossein Sharideh; Mojtaba Zaghari; Seyed Jafar Mirbehbahani
Abstract
The current study aimed to optimize artificial insemination in aged broiler breeder hens in two experiments. In the first experiment, the effect of (two) different diluted semen temperatures (5 and 25 °C) of Hubbard rooster (40 roosters, 58 weeks of age) on fertility, hatchability and sperm penetration ...
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The current study aimed to optimize artificial insemination in aged broiler breeder hens in two experiments. In the first experiment, the effect of (two) different diluted semen temperatures (5 and 25 °C) of Hubbard rooster (40 roosters, 58 weeks of age) on fertility, hatchability and sperm penetration (SP) rate in the perivitelline layer of Hubbard hen (180 hens) were investigated. In the second experiment, three (different) sperm concentrations (100 (C100), 200 (C200), and 400 (C400) million sperm in 0.25 mL per hen) of Hubbard roosters (40 roosters, 62 weeks of age) on fertility, hatchability and SP rate of Hubbard broiler breeder hens (270 hens) were explored. In the first experiment, the results showed that the temperature of 5 °C of diluted semen compared to the 25 °C, increased percentage of hatchability of set eggs, hatchability of fertile eggs, and SP and decreased early embryonic mortality. The results of the second experiment showed the highest percentage of fertility and SP rate were observed at treatment C400. Also, in this experiment that highest percentage of hatchability of set eggs and hatchability of fertile eggs and lowest early embryonic mortality were observed at treatment C400. Return on investment (ROI) of the treatments C200 and C400 was approximately 2.9 and 1.4, respectively. In overall, the results of this study showed that (in attention to ROI and hatchability) to optimize artificial insemination of aged broiler breeder hens we can use a sperm concentration of 200 to 400 million in 0.25 mL per hens at 5 °C.
Elham Darsi Arani; Mojtaba Zaghari; Masoud Barzegar
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of physical properties of zinc oxide on serum changes of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and occludance 1 (ZO-1) in broiler breeders. A total of 200 hens (Ross 308), at the age of 54 weeks, was used in a completely randomized ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of physical properties of zinc oxide on serum changes of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and occludance 1 (ZO-1) in broiler breeders. A total of 200 hens (Ross 308), at the age of 54 weeks, was used in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments, 5 replications, and 10 birds per replication. In this study, two levels of zinc (70 and 100 mg/kg diet), and two ZnO sources (regular zinc oxide and activated zinc oxide) were used. The production performance of the birds and the concentration of interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor and occludin in serum were measured at the end of the experiment. The supply of 70 mg/kg diet in both its regular and activated ZnO forms increased blood concentration of TNFα and ZO-1 (P<0.01). In contrast, addition of 100 mg of ZnO from both sources reduced pro-inflammatory factors and concentration of ZO-1 in the blood (P<0.01). Results of present study showed that the concentration of blood inflammatory factors and tight junction proteins in hens that are prone to intestinal inflammation which probably occur due to a meal in a day decreases with the consumption of higher levels of zinc. Changes in inflammatory factors and the concentration of tight junction proteins were in the same direction. Consumption of 100 mg of activated ZnO decreased IL-6 compared to 70 mg (P<0.01). Therefore, it is concluded that the change in physical properties, has improved the functionality of ZnO.
Masoud Barzegar; Mojtaba Zaghari; Mahdi Zhandi; Mostafa Sadeghi
Abstract
In this research the effects of different levels and particle sizes of zinc oxide on reproductive performance of hens and roosters of broiler breeders were evaluated. A total of 200 female Ross 308 broiler breeders in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments, 5 replicates and 5 birds per each ...
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In this research the effects of different levels and particle sizes of zinc oxide on reproductive performance of hens and roosters of broiler breeders were evaluated. A total of 200 female Ross 308 broiler breeders in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments, 5 replicates and 5 birds per each replication, and 24 male Ross 308 broiler breeders in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments, 6 replicates and one bird per each replication at 54 weeks of age were used. The experimental treatments included the diets containing 70 mg zinc from zinc oxide with large particle size (LPZnO-70), 100 mg zinc from zinc oxide with large particle size (LPZnO-100), 70 mg zinc from zinc oxide with small particle size (SPZnO-70) and 100 mg zinc from zinc oxide with small particle size (SPZnO-100). The results indicated that the experimental treatments had no significant effect on egg production, body weight, egg weight and egg yolk weight. In the entire experimental period, the egg shell thickness was significantly higher in treatment containing SPZnO than LPZnO (P<0.001). The highest and lowest fertility and hatchability ratioes were observed in treatments containing SPZnO-100and LPZnO-70, respectively. The highest semen volume was observed in roosters of treatments containing SPZnO-100 and LPZnO-100 (P< 0.05). Generally, it can be concluded that SPZnO has a more desirable effect on reproductive parameters of broiler breeders due to its higher bioavailability. Since the level of 100 mg zinc per kg of diet from both sources of zinc oxide resulted in better reproductive performance, the utilization of SPZnO-100 might be recommended.
Mojtaba Emamverdi; Ahmad Zareh-Shahneh; Mahdi Zhandi; Mojtaba Zaghari; Dariush Minai-Tehrani
Abstract
The aim of present study was to produce selenium enriched yeast and determine its optimum level on morphology and biometry of internal and reproductive organs in broiler breeder hens in comparison to Selemax (commercial organic sodium selenite) and mineral selenite. This study was done in two parts, ...
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The aim of present study was to produce selenium enriched yeast and determine its optimum level on morphology and biometry of internal and reproductive organs in broiler breeder hens in comparison to Selemax (commercial organic sodium selenite) and mineral selenite. This study was done in two parts, in the 1st experiment; selenium-enriched yeast was produced. In the 2nd experiment, a total of 150 Ross 308 broiler breeder hens (49 weeks of age) were used in 6 treatments of 5 replicates with 5 hens each. The treatments were included: 1) Control group (without selenium), diet containing; 2) 0.15; 3) 0.30 and 4) 0.45 mg/kg of produced selenium enriched yeast (SY0.15, SY0.3, SY0.45, respectively), 5) 0.30 mg/kg Selemax, and 6) 0.30 mg/kg sodium selenite (SS). At the end of the experiment, three hens from each replication were slaughtered. In the 1st experiment, the amount of selenium per kilogram of dry selenium-enriched yeast was 2823 mg. In the 2nd experiment, the number of large follicles in the SY0.45 group was significant higher compared to control, SY0.15 and SS groups. The weight of the abdominal cavity fat of the SY0.45 group was significantly lower compared to control group. Therefore, using of 0.45 mg/kg of produced organic selenium in the broiler breeder diet increased number of large follicles and decreased abdominal cavity fat. Of course, further studies are needed to assessment of other performance and reproductive parameters.
Nahid Zahroojian; Hossein Moravej; Mojtaba Zaghari; Saeed Aminzadeh
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of type of poultry on apparent metabolisable energy value of two soybean meal (processed and non-processed SBM).In this study, 36 broiler breeder hens (Ross 308, 62 weeks), 72 male broiler chickens (Ross 308, 35 days) and 36 commercial layer hens (Hyline ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of type of poultry on apparent metabolisable energy value of two soybean meal (processed and non-processed SBM).In this study, 36 broiler breeder hens (Ross 308, 62 weeks), 72 male broiler chickens (Ross 308, 35 days) and 36 commercial layer hens (Hyline W36, 40 weeks) were used. Dietary treatments were contained a reference diet and two test diets. In the test diets 30 percent of corn, SBM and sunflower oil replaced by processed or non-processed soybean meal. In all three experiments, metabolisable energy of ingredients measured by excreta collection using celite as a marker. The results indicated that the AMEn ofprocessed and non-processed soybean meal for broiler breeder hens was higher than broiler chickens and commercial layer hens. Our results showed that the AMEn of processed SBM were significantly higher than AMEn of non-processed soybean meal (2626.08 vs 2274.75 for broiler breeder hens and 2466.0 vs 1993.6 for broiler chickens and 2344.46 vs 2079.75 kcal/kg for layer hens). In conclusion, the results showed that the metabolisable energy intake of ingredients were different among different birds and processing could increase the nutritional value of soybean meal.
Majid Ajafar; Mojtaba Zaghari; Mehdi Zhandi; Leila Lotfi
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate effect of dietary supplementation by high doses of α-tocopherol acetate breeder (20 weeks of age) were used in two groups, standard (n=30; body weight= 3.109±0.169) and heavy (n=30; ±body weight= 3509±0.161) weight. Roosters were individually ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate effect of dietary supplementation by high doses of α-tocopherol acetate breeder (20 weeks of age) were used in two groups, standard (n=30; body weight= 3.109±0.169) and heavy (n=30; ±body weight= 3509±0.161) weight. Roosters were individually kept and randomly divided into 10 treatments (in a 2×5 factorial arrangements with six replicates in each group). The experimental treatments were fed a same diet supplemented with different levels of vitamin E (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 mg α-tocopherol acetate/kg diet) for 10 weeks. The heavy weight group received 30% excessive diet than standard group from beginning until the end of the experiment. After 5 weeks of adaptation period, roosters were fed by supplemented diet for 10 weeks. In the end of experiment roosters slaughtered and testicles removed from carcass for morphology and histology analysis. Results showed that vitamin E were significantly increased the size of testis, the number of seminiferous tubules in all treatment group compared to the control group (P ≤ 0.05). As well as, in two body weight groups the weight of testis, left testis diameter, seminiferous tubules diameter, seminiferous epithelium thickness, number of leydig cell and blood vessels were highest in E400 group (P ≤ 0.05). Finally, based on these results, it was concluded that high dose of vitamin E (400 mg/kg diet) improved testis morphology and histology parameters.
Sedigheh Bahadori; Hassan Mehrabani-Yeganeh; Mojtaba Zaghari; Hamed Rafiee
Abstract
At this study, with using from univariate and multivariate Econometrics Models of time series techniques, the annual prices from 2015 to 2020 for Iran and from 2014 to 2020 for world was predicted. The Iran data related to the chicken price, corn price, soybean meal price and chicken production rate ...
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At this study, with using from univariate and multivariate Econometrics Models of time series techniques, the annual prices from 2015 to 2020 for Iran and from 2014 to 2020 for world was predicted. The Iran data related to the chicken price, corn price, soybean meal price and chicken production rate from 1990 to 2014 were provided from Ministry of Agriculture Iran, State Livestock Affairs Logistics (S.L.A.L) Inc. and Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the world data were provided from FAO STAT for the year 1961-2013. The most appropriate model for fitness and prediction of chicken meat in Iran is the autoregressive moving average model (ARMAX (3,5)), with the in-sample and out of sample of predicting error are 2.12 and 4.7 percent and in world, autoregressive moving average model (ARMA (1,13)) with the in-sample and out of sample of predicting error are 4.34 and 3.91 percent, according to mean absolute percent error criterion. Also the results of vector error correction models (VECM) estimation have shown one unit increasing in the ratio of the price of corn to soy and the amount of meat production in Iran, can increase 7.59 and 3.29 percent in Iran chicken meat and one unit increasing in world price of corn and the amount of world production of chicken meat can cause increase equal 0.31, 0.46 and 0.64 percent in chicken meat world price.
Hajar Golabadi; Mojtaba Zaghari; Mahdi Zhandi
Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine effects of different levels of all-trans-retinol acetate on immunity performance of broiler breeder roosters and also to find the level with most immunity performance. * Treatments were consisted of 5 level all-trans-retinol acetate (0, 6000, 12000, 18000, 24000 ...
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The aim of this research was to determine effects of different levels of all-trans-retinol acetate on immunity performance of broiler breeder roosters and also to find the level with most immunity performance. * Treatments were consisted of 5 level all-trans-retinol acetate (0, 6000, 12000, 18000, 24000 IU/kg) added to basal diet. * 60 broiler breeder roosters were used from 45 to 48 weeks of their rearing period in a completely randomized design with 12 replicates per treatment. * Cell immune system response was measured by PHA-P sensitivity and blood immunity was measured by antibody titr against SRBC. * Titr of antibody against SRBC was affected by retinol acetate level (P<0.05) and blood immunity repose was increased by increasing level of retinol acetate. * Highest and lowest blood immune responses belong to 24000 and zero IU/kg treatments respectively (P≤0.03). * Increasing level of retinol acetate increased IgM (P≤0.04). * The results of cutaneous sensitively showed increasing effect of retinol acetate till 18000 IU/kg (P<0.05). * The results of this research showed that 18000 Iu/kg of retinol acetate resulted in best level of immune system in broiler breeder roosters, and this amount is higher than suggested amount by ROSS 308 catalogue.
Emad Abdulgabbar Ali; Mahdi Zhandi; Armin Towhidi; Mojtaba Zaghari; Mahdi Ansari
Abstract
The current study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Letrozole feeding on plasma LH and FSH concentrations and testicular histology in Ross 308 broiler breeder roosters. Twenty 40-week old roosters were randomly divided into four groups, individually housed and fed different levels of capsulated ...
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The current study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Letrozole feeding on plasma LH and FSH concentrations and testicular histology in Ross 308 broiler breeder roosters. Twenty 40-week old roosters were randomly divided into four groups, individually housed and fed different levels of capsulated Letrozole including 0 (L0), 0.5 (L0.5), 1 (L1) or 1.5 (L1.5) mg/bird/day for 12 consecutive weeks. Blood sampling was done on 1th, 3th, 5th, 7th and 9th weeks of trail. Testicular histology was assessed on samples from last week (12th) of experiment. According to the results, plasma LH and FSH levels, seminiferous tubule diameter and epithelium thickness as well as Leydig cell numbers were significantly increased in Letrozole treated groups compered to control group. The highest concentration of FSH and LH were recorded for L1 (10.39 ±0.11 and 2.93±0.08) and L1.5 (9.5±0.2 and 3.17±0.08) groups, respectively. Both L0.5 and L1 groups had significantly higher spermatogonial numbers than control group. However, blood vessel numbers were not significantly affected. In conclusion, orally feeding Letrozole (1 and 1.5 mg) could improve gonadotropin concentration and testicular histology parameters of male broiler breeders at 40 weeks of age. Further studied are needed to confirm these results and extend them to final fertility.
Tahereh Abbasi; Malak Shakeri; Mojtaba Zaghari; Hamid Kohram
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to determin the effect of 25(H)D3 and K3 vitamins on immune system of Ross 308 broiler chicken in a completely randomized design with a 3×4 factorial arrangement with four replicates and 16 observation per replicate. Treatments included vitamine D3 (0, 0.4, 0.6 and ...
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This experiment was conducted to determin the effect of 25(H)D3 and K3 vitamins on immune system of Ross 308 broiler chicken in a completely randomized design with a 3×4 factorial arrangement with four replicates and 16 observation per replicate. Treatments included vitamine D3 (0, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 μg) and vitamin K3 (0, 2 and 6 μg). On day 180 g incubation 0.5 ml of treatment solution was injucted in fertile eggs. Male chicken were reared in experiment cages for a period of 42 days. To evaluate humoral immune system reaction 0.5 ml SRBC (10%) was injected on chickens’ breast muscle at the 28th and 35th day, thereafter chicken blood samples were taken on the 35th and 42nd day. In order to evaluate the cellular immune system reaction, Phyto-hemagglutinin (PHA) was injected in the curtain chickens toe on day 24 of rearing period and skin response were studied on 1 and 5 days after injection. The results showed that with increasing levels of vitamin K3, antibody titers against Newcastle were increased (P<0.05). Treatment of increased 0.4 μg and 6 μg K3 in antibody levels to SRBC and IgG significantly and showed the maximum stimulation to PHA injection and treatment 12 with 6 μg K3 and 0.8 μg D3 showed the lowest amount of stimulation (p<0.05). Finally, it can be concluded that 0.4 μg vit D3 and 6 μg vit K3 can improve cellular and humoral immune response in broiler chickens.
Babak Esfandyari; Mojtaba Zaghari; Shirin Honarbakhsh; Mahmood Shivazad
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Bacillus subtilis and Licheni formis on broiler breeder performance and gastrointestinal health of their progenies. A total of 336 broiler breeder hens (Cobb 500) from 22 to 32 weeks of age were used in a completely randomized design of 2 × ...
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This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Bacillus subtilis and Licheni formis on broiler breeder performance and gastrointestinal health of their progenies. A total of 336 broiler breeder hens (Cobb 500) from 22 to 32 weeks of age were used in a completely randomized design of 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with four treatments, each with seven replicates. Dietary treatments included: 1) basal diet without probiotic and without Salmonella enteritidis inclusion; 2) basal diet without probiotic and oral inclusion of 1×106 cfu/bird and 1×108 cfu/bird Salmonella enteritidis in 26 and 30 weeks of ege, respectively; 3) basal diet containing 0.4 gr/kg probiotic and without Salmonella enteritidis inclusion; 4) basal diet containing 0.4 gr/kg probiotic and oral inclusion of 1×106 cfu/bird and 1×108 cfu/bird Salmonella enteritidis in 26 and 30 weeks of ege, respectively. The results showed that adding probiotic was increased fractional weight of yolk and liver (P<0.05). The number of large and small yellow follicles were decreased significantly in response to the challenge with Salmonella compared with the control. The results of this study did not show any benefit of adding probiotic on performance of broiler breeder hens contaminated with Salmonella enteritidis.
Behzad Sadighi; Mahmood Shivazad; Mojtaba Zaghari
Abstract
In this experiment, randomized complete block design with four replications was used for evaluating of the effect of three feeding methods including: without feed restriction (control group), 6 hours feed restriction from 7 to 21 days and 4 hours from 22 to 28 days, 6 hours feed restriction from 7 to ...
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In this experiment, randomized complete block design with four replications was used for evaluating of the effect of three feeding methods including: without feed restriction (control group), 6 hours feed restriction from 7 to 21 days and 4 hours from 22 to 28 days, 6 hours feed restriction from 7 to 14 days and 4 hours from 15 to 21 days on performance and ascites prevention of Arian male broiler chickens in six weeks. Body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, mortality rate and the index of production efficiency were determined during the experiment. Hematocrit and blood parameters were measured at 35 days of age. Carcass characteristics and the right ventricle weight per total ventricle weight (RV:TV) ratios were determined and compared. Feed conversion ratio and production index was improved by feed restriction from 7-21 days (P<0.05) at 42 days. With applying feed restriction ascites mortality was reduced (P<0.05). Applied feed restriction methods on the amount of hemoglobin, red blood cells and hematocrit had no significant effect, but increased levels of corticosterone (P<0.05). Although T3 hormone was not affected by feed restriction but T4 was increased by feed restriction from 7 to 21 days (P<0.05). In addition, T3 to T4 ratios was reduced by feed restriction (P<0.05).The results of this experiment indicated that, 6 hours feed restriction from 7 to 21 days and 4 hours from 22 to 28 days had the lowest ascites mortality and increased body weight insignificantly.
Behzad Sadighi Sheykh-hasan; Mahmood Shivazad; Mojtaba Zaghari
Abstract
In this study 60 Arian male chickens for six weeks were used in a completely randomized block to evaluate the effect of three dietary energy level on performance and prevention ascites. Diets energy levels were: as catalog; 100 and 150 kcal lower in starter and grower and finisher periods; 200 kcal and ...
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In this study 60 Arian male chickens for six weeks were used in a completely randomized block to evaluate the effect of three dietary energy level on performance and prevention ascites. Diets energy levels were: as catalog; 100 and 150 kcal lower in starter and grower and finisher periods; 200 kcal and 300 kcal lower in starter and grower that catalog respectively. During the experiment, body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, mortality rate and production index were determined. Hematocrit and blood parameters were measured at 35 days of age. At the end of the experiment, carcass characteristics and the right ventricle (RV) weight and total ventricle (TV) weight ratios were determined and compared. Reducing dietary energy level was increased body weight gain and feed intake (P<0.05). Feed cost per kg of weight gain was reduced by reducing dietary energy level (P<0.05). Reducing dietary energy level decreased the amount of hemoglobin and hematocrit (P<0.05) and increased the cortisol level (P<0.05). T3 hormone was not affected by diet energy, but T4 was increased by Reducing dietary energy (P<0.05). Also T3 to T4 ratios was reduced by Reducing dietary energy (P<0.05). Results showed that reducing 100 kcal diet energy in starter and 150 kcal in the grower and finisher periods than the Arian catalog was performed better than the other two energy levels on performance and parameters related to ascites.
Mahdi Ansari; Mahdi Zhandi; Hamid Kohram; Mojtaba Zaghari; Mostafa Sadeghi
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of D-aspartic acid on semen characteristics of Ross 308 roosters. Thirty 60-wk-old Ross 308 roosters were randomly assigned into 6 groups and individually caged. All groups fed the same basal diet and orally administered with different levels of D-aspartic ...
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of D-aspartic acid on semen characteristics of Ross 308 roosters. Thirty 60-wk-old Ross 308 roosters were randomly assigned into 6 groups and individually caged. All groups fed the same basal diet and orally administered with different levels of D-aspartic acid: 0(A-0), 40 (A-40), 80 (A-80), 120 (A-120), 160 (A-160), and 200 (A-200) mg/Kg BW per day as a single capsulated dose. Seminal characteristics including ejaculate volume, motility, progressive motility, sperm concentration, abnormality, viability and hypo osmotic swimming test were studied following two weeks of adaptation period, and continued for up to six weeks. Results of the experiment revealed that D-Aspartic acid positively affected rooster sperm parameters with all parameters being significantly improved with increasing the level of D-aspartic acid except for abnormality percentage that was not significantly affected by the treatment (p>0.05). Taking all parameters into account, A-200 treatment exhibited the most optimal response in sperm parameters amongst all treatments. However, further studies including fertility and hatchability tests are needed to ascertain these results.
Iman CHAKSARI; Mojtaba ZAGHARI; Saeed KHALAJI
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of 1α-OH-D3 either with or withoutCholecalciferol, microbial phytase as well as different levels of dietary calcium, and phosphorus onbroiler chickens, performance. A number of 576 male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were made use of ina completely ...
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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of 1α-OH-D3 either with or withoutCholecalciferol, microbial phytase as well as different levels of dietary calcium, and phosphorus onbroiler chickens, performance. A number of 576 male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were made use of ina completely randomized design of a factorial arrangement (3×2×2×3), comprised of 36 treatments, 4replicates of 4 chicks in each battery cage. Factors included three levels of 1α-OH-D3 (0, 5 and 10μg/kg), two levels of Cholecalciferol (0 and 5000 ICU/kg), two levels of microbial phytase (0 and 500FTU/kg), as well as three levels of Ca and phosphorus (100, 75 and 50% of Ross broiler nutritionrecommendation values). Dietary treatments were implemented within an age interval of from 1 to 42days. Supplementation of diets of 5 and 10 μg/kg of 1α-OH-D3 reduced body weight and feed intake at7, 35 and 42d (P<0.01; P<0.05). Supplementation of 500 FTU/kg of Phytase enzyme in the dietincreased body weight at 7 and 14 days (P<0.05). Interaction between 1α-OH-D3 and phytase on feedconversion ratio was significant (P<0.01), in a way that addition of 500 FTU/kg of Phytase to dietcontaining 5 μg/kg of 1α-OH-D3 improved feed conversion ratio at 28d (P≤0.01). 1α-OH-D3supplementation increased tibia breaking force, linearly (P<0.01). Results indicated that addition of1α-OH-D3 to broiler chickens, diets alleviates the risk of tibial dyschondroplasia incidence. Yet, theappropriate recommended dosage needs to be further investigated.
Leila Lotfi; Mojtaba Zaghari; Saeed Zeinoddini; Mahmood Shivazad; Dariush Davoodi
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the bioavailability of nano and micro sources of manganese in broiler chickens. Two hundred and eight, 10-d-old male Ross 308 broilers in a completely randomized design with 13 treatments, 4 replications and 4 chicks per replicate were studied for 35 days. During ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the bioavailability of nano and micro sources of manganese in broiler chickens. Two hundred and eight, 10-d-old male Ross 308 broilers in a completely randomized design with 13 treatments, 4 replications and 4 chicks per replicate were studied for 35 days. During the experimental period, a basal corn-soybean meal diet containing 20 ppm Mn (control treatment) was supplemented with 70, 120, and 170 mg/Kg, Mn as graded levels, from four different sources (nano manganese oxide, carbonate and sulfate and micro manganese sulfate) and fed ad libitum. Results indicated that in comparison with micro MnSO4, nano manganese increased bone breaking strength significantly (P<0.01). The bioavailability of different sources of nano manganese in comparison to micro MnSO4 was higher significantly (P<0.01). The bioavailability of nano manganese sulfate, Carbonate and Oxide in comparison to micro manganese sulfate, on the basis of bone manganese content, was 324, 158 and 125 percent respectively. In conclusion, nano manganese had the substitutability of micro manganese sulfate in broilers diet to reduce leg abnormalities with no negative effect on performance.
Abstract
The nutrient requirements and performance guidelines of management guides are based upon many actual flock results obtained under good environmental and management conditions. In practice and under the prevalent poultry industry situation, through these nutrient levels, Iranian farmers cannot attain ...
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The nutrient requirements and performance guidelines of management guides are based upon many actual flock results obtained under good environmental and management conditions. In practice and under the prevalent poultry industry situation, through these nutrient levels, Iranian farmers cannot attain the performance reported in management guidelines. An estimation of the model of broiler breeder energy requirement under environmental and management conditions of Iran was the aim followed in the present study. The study was carried out, making use of observational as well as analytical information. Data related to broilers of 24 to 64 weeks of age were collected from 24 broiler breeder farms which reared Ross 308. These farms were distributed throughout 11 provinces of Iran. The equation for estimating Metabolizable Energy Intake (MEI) was predicted (R2=0.7) through: MEI(kcal/bird/day) = 153.032 BW0.75 + 6.708 ADG + 14.198 EM -2.946 (BW0.75× ADG) -4.872 (BW0.75× EM) -0.272 (ADG × EM) + 0.11 (BW0.75× ADG × EM
Ahmad Malakzadegan; Mojtaba Zaghari; Mahmoud Shivazad
Volume 42, Issue 4 , March 2012, , Pages 321-327
Abstract
The objective followed in this study was to determine the AMEn equivalency of multienzyme Natuzyme-P. one hundred and sixty male Ross 308 broiler chicks were made use of in the experimentations. Graded levels of AMEn, 2600, 2750, 2900, plus 3050 kcal/kg in the starter, and 2700, 2850, 3000, plus 3150 ...
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The objective followed in this study was to determine the AMEn equivalency of multienzyme Natuzyme-P. one hundred and sixty male Ross 308 broiler chicks were made use of in the experimentations. Graded levels of AMEn, 2600, 2750, 2900, plus 3050 kcal/kg in the starter, and 2700, 2850, 3000, plus 3150 kcal/kg of the diet in the grower periods were used throughout the study. All the nutrients other than AMEn were equal among the treatments. Four levels of dietary NP enzyme (0.15, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.45 g/kg) were added to the basal diet (2600 and 2700 kcal/kg in the starter and grower periods, respectively). Each dietary treatment was randomly assigned to four pens of 5 chicks each. Feed intake and body weight gain were recorded at 28 and 42 d of age, and feed conversion ratio calculated. Regression equations were derived for graded levels of AMEn, and NP enzyme. The derived regression equations for AMEn were set equal to those obtained for NP and solved. Equivalency values for AMEn were found out by subtracting the obtained values from nutrient content in the basal diet. Equivalency value of NP enzyme at 28 d of age for AMEn was estimated to be 77066 kcal/kg. During 28 to 42 d of age, equivalency value for AMEn was estimated as 93080 kcal/kg.
Seyed Abdolla Hosseini; Mojtaba Zaghari; Houshang Lotf-allahian; Mahmoud Shivazad; Hossein Moravej
Volume 42, Issue 4 , March 2012, , Pages 329-336
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to determine the appropriate methionine level in broiler breeder’s diet. The treatments consisted of 6 levels of methionine (0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4 and 0.45% diets), with 4 replicates of 7 hens each for a duration of 8 weeks and for ages of 28 to 35 weeks. Diets contained ...
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An experiment was conducted to determine the appropriate methionine level in broiler breeder’s diet. The treatments consisted of 6 levels of methionine (0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4 and 0.45% diets), with 4 replicates of 7 hens each for a duration of 8 weeks and for ages of 28 to 35 weeks. Diets contained similar levels of protein metabolizable energy. The levels of the other amino acids were taken equal in all the diets to ensure that methionine was chosen as the only limiting amino acid in each dietal treatment. Feed intake, egg production, egg weight, settable eggs, egg mass, feed conversion ratio, egg content and SRBC responses were evaluated during the experimental periods. For finding out the optimum methionine level, Simple Additive Weighted (SAW) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods as well as economic maximum equation were employed. Application of multi attribute decision making system SAW and TOPSIS indicated the appropriate methionine levels as 0.329 and 0.297 percent in the diets, respectively. Total methionine content in the diets, for maximum economic profit (according to feed cost and chick value) was recorded as 0.307. Results finally indicated that using 0.3-0.33 percent methionine in the Arian broiler breeder diets could be approppriately suggested for maximum performance and most economical profit.
Soudabe Moradi; Mojtaba Zaghari; Mahmoud Shivazad; Rahim Osfouri; Mohsen Mardi
Volume 42, Issue 2 , October 2011, , Pages 161-170
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of either twice or thrice a day feeding regimens on performance and as well on plasma hormone and metabolite levels of broiler breeder hens during 24 to 38 wk of their productive age. Breeder pullets were provided form a commercial flock, and distributed ...
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This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of either twice or thrice a day feeding regimens on performance and as well on plasma hormone and metabolite levels of broiler breeder hens during 24 to 38 wk of their productive age. Breeder pullets were provided form a commercial flock, and distributed in experimental units, in a compeletly randomized design with three feeding regimens (treatments) included 1, 2 or 3 feeding times per day with 4 replicates. Birds fed once a day, received all their total feed at 06:15 h, whereas birds fed twice a day, received 50% of their total feed allowance at 06:15 h and the other 50% at 12:15 h, and while birds fed thrice a day, received 33% of their total feed at 06:15 h, 33% at 12:15 h and the last portion at 18:15 h. Total daily feed did not differ among treatments. Blood samples were taken at the peak of production (32 wk of age) and at the end of trial (38 wk of age). For the 13 wk production period, total hen-day egg production through 38 wk of age in the hens that were provided feed twice and thrice a day was greater (67.1 and 67.2 vs 62.2 eggs/hen, P
Mojtaba Zaghari; Saeid Khalaji
Volume 42, Issue 3 , January 2011, , Pages 265-273
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the addition of a multi enzyme (Natuzyme-P) to corn-soybean based diets and to determine the enzyme's nutrient equivalency on broiler chicks’ performance. Ninety six day-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to a number of 24 battery ...
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This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the addition of a multi enzyme (Natuzyme-P) to corn-soybean based diets and to determine the enzyme's nutrient equivalency on broiler chicks’ performance. Ninety six day-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to a number of 24 battery cages in a completely randomized design. The chicks were grown up to 6 wk of age. Six diets (control, negative control, positive control along with three other diets made on the basis of 50, 100 and 120% nutrient equivalency of the enzyme) were formulated and fed to four pens, each pen housing 4 chicks up to 42 days of age. The control diet was formulated with no enzyme supplementation, the positive control diet contained sufficient nutrients for normal broiler growth along with the addition of enzyme as feed additive with an exclusion of the nutrient equivalency of the enzyme and while the negative control diet formulated with no enzyme supplement, but corrected to a nutrient equivalency level for the enzyme. Diets 50, 100 and 120% were prepared together with enzyme supplement and a correction of the diets to 50, 100 and 120% of nutrient equivalency of the enzyme. Body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were assessed at 21, 35 and 42 d of age. Results indicated significant differences among the treatments in body weight gain (P
Elham Darsi Arani; Mahmoud Shivazad; Mojtaba Zaghari; Nbounid Famil Namroiud
Volume 41, Issue 2 , September 2010
Abstract
The effects of L-carnitine on growth performance and carcass composition in male broiler chicks, fed diet in which CP was reduced in a stepwise manner from 21 to 18% were investigated. Ileal digestible quantities of all EAA were almost equal in the diets, with quantities NRC 1994 recommendations. One ...
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The effects of L-carnitine on growth performance and carcass composition in male broiler chicks, fed diet in which CP was reduced in a stepwise manner from 21 to 18% were investigated. Ileal digestible quantities of all EAA were almost equal in the diets, with quantities NRC 1994 recommendations. One hundred forty four male commercial broilers were allotted to six groups, each with four replicates (6 birds per replicate). The experimental design was a 2×3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with 21, 19.5, 18% crude protein levels and 0, 50 mg/kg of L-carnitine. Performance of birds fed the low protein diets was not significantly affected by the CP levels. Fat content in whole-body and Abdominal Fat Deposition (AFD) increased linearly as CP decreased in the diets. The feeding trial showed that L-carnitine had no significant effect on either daily gain or feed conversion. Supplementation of L-carnitine in the diet decreased abdominal fat deposition and crude fat content of the leg muscles as well as the whole body (P
