Improvement of broiler chickens immune system by in ovo injection of 25(OH) D3 and K3 vitamins

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science & Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Assistant Professors, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science & Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science & Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science & Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to determin the effect of 25(H)D3 and K3 vitamins on immune system of Ross 308 broiler chicken in a completely randomized design with a 3×4 factorial arrangement with four replicates and 16 observation per replicate. Treatments included vitamine D3 (0, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 μg) and vitamin K3 (0, 2 and 6 μg). On day 180 g incubation 0.5 ml of treatment solution was injucted in fertile eggs. Male chicken were reared in experiment cages for a period of 42 days. To evaluate humoral immune system reaction 0.5 ml SRBC (10%) was injected on chickens’ breast muscle at the 28th and 35th day, thereafter chicken blood samples were taken on the 35th and 42nd day. In order to evaluate the cellular immune system reaction, Phyto-hemagglutinin (PHA) was injected in the curtain chickens toe on day 24 of rearing period and skin response were studied on 1 and 5 days after injection. The results showed that with increasing levels of vitamin K3, antibody titers against Newcastle were increased (P<0.05). Treatment of increased 0.4 μg and 6 μg K3 in antibody levels to SRBC and IgG significantly and showed the maximum stimulation to PHA injection and treatment 12 with 6 μg K3 and 0.8 μg D3 showed the lowest amount of stimulation (p<0.05). Finally, it can be concluded that 0.4 μg vit D3 and 6 μg vit K3 can improve cellular and humoral immune response in broiler chickens.

Keywords

References

  1. Amiri, N. (2012). The effect of various nutrients in ovo injection and 36 hours after hatching on hatchability hunger, blood parameters, intestinal morphology and performance of broiler chickens. M.Sc. dissertation, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kerman, Iran. (in Farsi)
  2. Aslam, S. M., Garlich, J. D. & Qureshi, M. A. (1998). Vitamin D deficiency alters the immune responses of broiler chicks. Poulty Science, 77, 842-849.
  3. Bello, A., Zhai, W., Gerard, P. & Peebles, E. (2013). Effects of the commercial in ovo injection of hydroxycholecalciferol on the hatchability and hatching chick quality of broilers. Poulty Science, 92, 2551-2559.
  4. Capiati, D., Benassati, S. & Boland, R.L. (2002). 1, 25(OH)2-vitamins D3 induces translocation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) to the plasma membrane in skeletal muscle cells. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 86, 128-135.
  5. Chou, S. & Chung, T. (2009). Effects of supplemental hydroxycholecalciferol on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and immune response of broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 88, 2333-2341.
  6. Chun, R. F., Adams, J. S. & Hewison, M. (2008). A new look at ‘old’ vitamin D. Journal Endocrinol, 198, 261-269.
  7. Etten, V.E., Stoffels, K., Gysemans, C., Mathieu, C. & Overbergh, L. (2008). Regulation of vitamin D homeostasis: implications for the immune system. Nutrition Reviews, 66, 125-134.
  8. Gerry, K. (2011). A review of the critical role of vitamin D in the functioning of the immune system and the clinical implications of vitamin D deficiency. Molecular Nutrition and FoodJournal, 55, 96-108.
  9. Gholamzadeh, P. (2012). The effects of in ovo injection of 1α (OH) D3 and k1 vitamins on hatch rate and some physiological factors on the growth of broiler chickens. M.Sc. dissertation, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Iran. (in Farsi)
  10. Gómez, V. G., Morales, L. R. & Avila, G. E.  (2013). Use of 25 hydroxycholecalciferol in Diets of Broiler Chickens: Effects on Growth Performance, Immunity and Bone Calcification. Poultry Science, 50, 60-64.
  11. Grasman, K. A. (2010). In vivo functional test for assessing immunotoxicity in birds (Ed.), Immunotoxicity testing: Methods and Protocols, Methods in Molecular Biology (pp. 387-397) Humana Press, Product.
  12. Hewison, M., Burke, F., Evans, K. N. & Lammas, D. A. (2007). Extra-renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1alpha-hydroxylase in human health and disease Steroid Biochem. Molecular Biology, 103, 316-321.
  13. Holick, M. F. & Chen, T. C. (2008). Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 87, 1080-1086.
  14. Khan, S. H., Shahid, R., Mian, A. A., Sardar, R. & Anjum, M. A. (2010). Effect of the level of cholecalciferol supplementation of broiler diets on the performance and tibial dyschondroplasia. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 94, 584-593.
  15. 15.    Malone, J. I. (1975). Vitamin passage across the placenta. Clinics in Perinatology, 2(2), 295-307.
  16. Margherita, T., Yan, Zhu., Monica, F. & Anja, Wittke. (2004). Vitamin D status: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and the immune system.  American Society for Clinical Nutrition, 80, 1717-20.
  17. McDowell, L. R. (2000). Vitamins in animal and human nutrition. Iowa State University Press United States of America, 52, 227-258.
  18. Quiles, A. F., Marques, G., Murakami, A. E., Rojas, I. C., Picoli, K. P. & Puzotti, M. M. (2013). Use of Vitamin D3 and Its Metabolites in Broiler Chicken Feed on Performance, Bone Parameters and Meat Quality. Animal Science Department, 26, 408-415.
  19. Ricks, C., Avakian, A., Bryan, T., Gildersleeve, R., Haddad, E., Ilich, R., King, S., Murray, L., Phelps, P. & Poston, R. (1999). In ovo vaccination technology. Advances  in veterinary medicine. Poultry Science, 41, 495-515.
  20. Svensson, E. I., Sinervo, B. & Comendant, T. (2001). Densitydependent competition and selection on immune function in genetic lizard morphs. Proceeding National Academy Science, 55, 2053-2069.
  21. Svensson, E. I. & Sinervo, B. (2002). Mechanistic and experimental analysis of condition and reproduction in a polymorphic lizard. Journal of Evoloution, 15, 1034-1047.
  22. Wang, T. T., Nestel, F. P., Bourdeau, V. & Nagai, Y. (2004). Cutting edge: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a direct inducer of antimicrobial peptide gene expression. Journal Immunology, 173, 2909-2912.
  23. Thompson, D. L., Elgert, K. D., Gross, W. B. & Siegel, P. B. (1980). Cell mediated immunity in Marek,s disease virus infected chickens genetically selection for high and low concentrations of plasma corticostrone. Veterinary Research, 41, 91-96.
  24. White, J. H. (2008). Vitamin D signaling, infectious diseases and regulation of innate immunity. Infection Immunology, 76, 3837-3843.
  25. Yi, G., Allee, G., Knight, C. & Dibner, J. (2005). Impact of glutamine and oasis hatchling supplement on growth performance, small intestinal morphology and immune response of broilers vaccinated and challenged with Eimeria maxima. Poultry Science, 84, 283-293.
Iranian Journal of animal Science
Volume 47, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
December 2016
Pages 349-356

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 31 January 2016
  • Revise Date: 15 May 2016
  • Accept Date: 08 July 2016

Share

How to cite

Statistics