اثر گروه‌بندی تغذیه‌ای بر عملکرد تولیدی و درصد حذف و علل آن در گله گاوهای شیری هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تغذیه دام، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

4 استادیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، ‏سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر سیستم خوراک‏‌‏دهی تک‌گروهی (TMR1) در مقایسه با چندگروهی (TMR4) بر روی توان تولیدی و ترکیبات شیر طی یک دوره شیردهی کامل بود. چهارصد و هشتاد و چهار رأس گاو هلشتاین شیرده براساس روز شیردهی بلوک­بندی (158 رأس در اولین، 134 رأس دومین و 192راس در سومین دوره شیردهی و یا بالاتر) و به دو سیستم خوراک‏‌‏دهی تک گروهی (TMR1) و چند گروهی (TMR4) به‌طور تصادفی اختصاص یافتند. میانگین تولید شیر روزانه در تیمارهای TMR4 و TMR1 به‌ترتیب 97/36 و 01/41 کیلوگرم در روز بود و تولید شیر در گروه TMR1 در مقایسه با TMR4 به‌میزان 04/4 کیلوگرم در روز افزایش (01/0>P) یافت. تولید شیر تصحیح­شده براساس 4 درصد چربی تحت تأثیر تیمار آزمایشی قرار گرفت (01/0>P)، به‏‌‏طوری‏‌‏که گاوهای تغذیه‏‌‏شده با TMR1در مقایسه با گاوهای تغذیه‏‌‏شده با TMR4 شیر بیشتری تولید کردند (46/37 در مقابل 1/33 کیلوگرم در روز). درصد ترکیبات شیر (درصد چربی و پروتئین) تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفتند (01/0<P). در راستا با نتایج تولید شیر، مقدار چربی (01/0P<) و پروتئین شیر (01/0P<) به‌طور معنی­داری در گروه TMR1 در مقایسه با TMR4 افزایش یافت. گاوها در TMR4 در مقایسه با TMR1 58/1 برابر (46/2 – 01/1 =%95CI) در کل دوره شیردهی حذف شدند (04/0=P).

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of nutritional grouping on productive performance and culling rate and its ‎causes in dairy herd

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Salehpour 1
  • Hamid Amanlou 2
  • Hamid reza Mirzaei-Alamouti 3
  • Najmeh Eslamian Farsouni 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and ‎Education Center, AREEO, Shahrekord, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of single nutritional grouping (TMR1) compared to multinutritional grouping (TMR4) on productive performance and milk composition during a complete lactation period. Four hundred and eighty-four lactating Holstein cows were blocked based on parity (158 first, 134 second, and 192 third lactation or higher) and were randomly assigned one of two TMR1 and TMR4. Cows in 1TMR produced 4.04 kg more milk than those in 4TMR group (P<0.01). Likewise, 4% FCM yield was higher for 1TMR relative to 4TMR (37.46 vs. 33.1 kg, respectively). The content of milk compositions were not affected by experimental treatments (P> 0.05). According to the results of milk production, fat (P<0.01) and protein milk yields (P<0.01) were higher for TMR1 compared to TMR4. Cows in 4TMR were culled 1.58 times compared to those in 1TMR during lactating period. (CI95%= 1.01-2.46; P= 0.04).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Multiple TMR
  • nutritional grouping
  • production performances
  • single TMR

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علوم دامی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 4
اسفند 1398
صفحه 341-350

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 شهریور 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 دی 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 بهمن 1398

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