ارزیابی تغذیة ذرت آسیاب ریز در برابر ورقه شده با بخار بر میزان تولید و ترکیب شیر و برخی فراسنجه‌های خونی در گاوهای هلشتاین اوایل شیردهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه اراک

2 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه اراک

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه اراک

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر آسیاب ریز ذرت در مقایسه با ورقه کردن با بخار بر میزان عملکرد و برخی متابولیت‌های خونی شمار 130 رأس گاو شیری هلشتاین زایش اول و چند بار زایش کرده (میانگین روزهای شیردهی 34 و تولید شیر 52 لیتر) در قالب طرح چرخشی به تیمارهای آزمایشی اختصاص یافتند. طول هر دورة آزمایشی 22 روز در نظر گرفته شد (17روز برای عادت­پذیری و 5 روز نمونه‌گیری). نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد، مادة خشک مصرفی (53/0=P) و تولید شیر خام (78/0=P) دام‌های مصرف‌کنندة ذرت آسیاب شده و ذرت ورقه شده با بخار تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. شیر تصحیح‌شده برای 4 درصد چربی در تیمار ذرت آسیاب شده تمایل به افزایش (07/0=P) و همچنین شیر تصحیح‌شده برای انرژی در این تیمار افزایش یافت (02/0=P). تغذیة ذرت آسیاب شده، افزایش چربی شیر (01/0>P) و ذرت ورقه شده با بخار، افزایش پروتئین شیر را در پی داشت (01/0>P). هرچند ورقه کردن با بخار در مقایسه با آسیاب ریز سبب افزایش غلظت گلوکز خون شد (04/0=P) اما دیگر متابولیت‌های خونی تفاوت معنی‌داری بین تیمارهای آزمایشی نداشتند (05/0<P). غلظت هورمون انسولین و آنزیم‌های کبدی در خون تفاوت معنی‌داری در بین دو تیمار نداشتند. بر پایة نتایج به‌دست‌آمده و با توجه به هزینة بالاتر ورقه کردن با بخار، این روش فرآوری در اوایل شیردهی قابل توصیه نخواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of feeding finely ground versus steam-flaked corn grain on milk yield, composition and some blood metabolites in early lactating dairy cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Kazemi-Bonchenari 1
  • Mehdi Mirzaei 2
  • Mahdi Khodaei-Motlagh 3
  • AmirHossein Khaltabadi-Farahani 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hundred and thirty lactating Holstein cows (36 primiparous and 94 multiparous) in early lactation period (34.3 ± 9.1 days in milk) with averaging milk yield 52.2 ± 9.2 kg/d were allocated in a change-over design to compare the feeding of finely ground (FGC) versus steam flake corn grain (SFC). The performance, some blood metabolites, liver enzymes and insulin hormone were evaluated. The study lasted 44 days in two 22 days periods with the first 17 days as adaptation period and the last 5 days as sample collection period. The SFC was prepared by steam flaking of corn for 30 minutes in a stainless steel tank to increase the corn moisture up to 18-20%. The results show that DMI (P=0.53) as well as milk yield (P=0.078) were not differing between treatments (P>0.05). Corrected milk fat was tended to be greater for FGC compared to SFC (P=0.07), and energy corrected milk also was increased in SFC (P=0.02). Feeding ground corn caused to increase milk fat and steam flake corn feeding caused to increase milk protein percent (P<0.01). Although flaking increased blood glucose concentration, no other blood metabolites were differed between treatments. Insulin concentration as well as liver enzyme (ALT and AST) concentrations was similar between two treatments (P>0.05). In conclusion considering the cost of flaking and the base on present research results, corn grain flaking may not be recommendable for early lactation period.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corn Processing
  • glucose
  • metabolic disorders
  • milk fat
  • performance

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 مهر 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 آبان 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 آذر 1395

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