تأثیر سطوح انرژی و محدودیت غذایی در دان حبه‌ای‌شده بر عملکرد و فراسنجه های خونی در جوجه های گوشتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد تغذیۀ طیور، گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

هدف از انجام این آزمایش بررسی تأثیر سطوح انرژی سوخت‌وساز (متابولیسم)، شدت و مدت محدودیت غذایی در دان حبه‌ای یا پوشش‌دارشده (پلت) بر عملکرد، فراسنجه (پارامتر)های خونی و همچنین خصوصیات لاشه در جوجه­های گوشتی بود. شمار 480 قطعه جوجۀ گوشتی نر سویۀ راس 308 در آزمایش فاکتوریل 3×2×2 با دوازده تیمار و چهار تکرار استفاده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل دو سطح انرژی قابل سوخت‌وساز، دو سطح شدت محدودیت غذایی (90درصد و 85درصد استاندارد مصرف سویه) و سه دوره محدودیت (21-8، 28-8 و 35-8 روزگی) بودند. با افزایش سطح انرژی جیره، از21-8 و 42-1 روزگی برخلاف 7 روزگی وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل بهبود می‌یابد (05/0>P). اعمال90درصد محدودیت غذایی نسبت به 85درصد، همچنین دوره‌های محدودیت 21-8 و 28-8 نسبت به 35-8 روزگی، وزن بدن را به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش داد (05/0>P). در 14روز محدودیت، افزایش سطح انرژی به همراه 90درصد محدودیت، موجب افزایش وزن نسبی لاشه و ران در 42 روزگی ­شد ولی در 21 و 28 روز محدودیت، بیشترین وزن لاشه و ران در 85درصد محدودیت به همراه سطح بالاتر انرژی مشاهده ­شد (01/0>P). افزایش انرژی جیره منجر به بالا رفتن گلوکز خون در سنین 28 و 35 روزگی، کاهش غلظت تری‌گلیسیرید و افزایش درصد چربی بطنی در سن 42 روزگی شد (05/0>P). به‌طورکلی، افزایش سطح انرژی جیره با شدت محدودیت 90درصد (نسبت به استاندارد مصرف سویه) به مدت سه هفته (28-8 روزگی) در دان حبه‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌ای‌شده منجر به بهبود عملکرد در جوجه‌های گوشتی می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Influence of energy level and feed restriction in pellet diet on performance and blood parameters of broiler chickens

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Zangane 1
  • Soudabeh Moradi 2
  • Alireza Abdolmohammadi 2
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of metabolizable energy (ME) levels, feed restriction (FR) intensity and duration in pelleted diet on performance, blood parameters and carcass characteristics in broiler chickens. A total of 480 male Ross 308 broilers were used in a 2×2×3 factorial arrangement with 12 treatments and 4 replicates. Experimental treatments included: two levels of ME, two levels of restriction intensity (90% and 85% of strain standard, intake), and three levels of restriction duration (8-21, 8-28 and 8-35d of age). Results indicated that increasing energy level improved body weight and feed conversion rate during 8-21 and 1-42 days of age, except for first week, that was decreased BW (P<0.05).  Broilers with 90% feed restriction during 8-14 and 8-21 were heavier (P<0.05) and showed higher breast weight at d 21 than those received 85% feed restriction and during 8-28 d. A 14 d of restriction with higher energy level and 90% restriction increased carcass percentage and thigh weight at 42 d, while during 21 and 28 d of restriction, higher carcass and thigh weight were observed in 85% restriction with higher energy level (P<0.01). Increasing energy level of diet induced lower TG level and breast weight, higher abdominal fat at d 42, also elevating serum glucose during 28 and 35 d of age (P<0.05). In conclusion, increasing ME level in the diet with 90% feed restriction (90% of standard intake) during 3 weeks (8-28 d) improved the growth performance of broiler chickens.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Blood metaboliets
  • broiler chichen
  • Energy
  • Feed restriction
  • Pellet

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 28 اردیبهشت 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 بهمن 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 اردیبهشت 1395

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