تأثیر افزودن منابع مختلف اسیدهای چرب بر فراسنجه‌های تخمیر و جمعیت میکروبی شکمبه در شرایط برون‌تنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشیار گروه عوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار گروه علوم و فناوری سیلیکون، پژوهشکده توسعه فرایندهای شیمیایی، پژوهشگاه شیمی و مهندسی شیمی ایران

چکیده

هدف از انجام این آزمایش بررسی تأثیر افزودن الگوهای مختلف اسیدهای چرب بر گوارش‌پذیری شکمبه‌ای مواد مغذی، برخی فراسنجه­های شکمبه­ای و جمعیت میکروبی شکمبه بر پایۀ استفاده از روش­های مولکولی در شرایط برون­تنی بود. به این منظور، روغن­های مختلف به‌عنوان منابع اولئیک، لینولئیک، لینولنیک، دکوزاهگزانوئیک و ایکوزاپنتانوئیک استفاده شد. برای تأمین اسید پالمتیک از یک مکمل تجاری (برگافت تی-300) حاوی درصد بالایی از اسید پالمتیک به‌صورت گلیسریدی استفاده شد. نتایج این بررسی نشان‌دهندۀ کاهش ضریب‌های گوارش‌پذیری و کاهش جمعیت شکمبه‌ای باکتری‌های سلولولایتیک، قارچ‌های بی‌هوازی و پروتوزوآ درنتیجۀ افزودن منابع اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع بود (05/0˂P). روغن ماهی هم‌زمان با کاهش باکتری‌های سلولولایتیک سبب افزایش جمعیت باکتری‌های پروتئولتیک و آمیلولتیک شد (05/0˂P). روغن نخل (پالم) باوجود کاهش برخی از باکتری‌های سلولولایتیک تأثیری بر ضریب‌های گوارش‌پذیری دیوارۀ یاخته‌ای، مقدار و الگوی اسیدهای چرب فرار تولیدی نداشت (05/0P>). همۀ منابع روغنی مورداستفاده به‌استثنای روغن نخل سبب کاهش معنی­دار متانوژن­ها نسبت به گروه شاهد شدند، درحالی‌که افزودن روغن نخل، سبب افزایش متانوژن­ها شد (05/0˂P). منابع اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع ازجمله روغن ماهی سبب کاهش جمعیت باکتری‌های مسئول در مراحل مختلف هیدروژنه کردن زیستی (بیوهیدروژناسیون) شدند (05/0˂P). افزودن منابع مختلف اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع سبب کاهش غلظت کل اسیدهای چرب فرار و اسید استیک شد. بیشترین میزان کاهش در غلظت اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع نسبت به گروه شاهد مربوط به روغن ماهی بود (9/103 در برابر0/74 میلی­مول در لیتر به ترتیب برای گروه شاهد و روغن ماهی).

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of different fatty acid supplements on rumen fermentation parameters and microbial population in vitro condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamed Khalilvandi-Behroozyar 1
  • Mehdi Dehghan-Banadaky 2
  • Mohammad Ghaffarzadeh 3
  • Kamran Rezayazdi 2
1 Assistant professor, Animal science department, Urmia University
2
3
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to determine effects of different fatty acid profiles on rumen digestion coefficients, some of rumen metabolism parameters and rumen microbial populations. Different oils were used as source of fatty acids such as, Oleic, Linoleic, Linolenic, DHA and EPA. Palmitic acid supplemented from a commercial product (BergaFat T-300) containing high Palmitic acid percentage. Results showed that supplementation of unsaturated fatty acids led to reduction in nutrient digestibility and rumen population of protozoa, anaerobic fungi and cellulolytic bacteria (P˂0.05). Fish oil resulted in higher population of proteolytic and amilolytic bacteria in expense of cellulolytic and major biohydrogenating population (P˂0.05). Palmitic acid source reduced population of two of major cellulolytic bacteria, but there were no effects on cell wall digestibility, total and profile of rumen VFA (P>0.05). All of the oil supplements except for Palmitic acid supplement reduced methanogeinic archaea (P˂0.05). Unsaturated fatty acid sources including fish oil greatly reduced rumen biohydrogenating bacteria population (P˂0.05). Rumen total VFA and acetate concentration but not propionate decrease as PUFA sources supplemented. Fish oil resulted in greatest reduction in VFA concentration compared with control (103.9 vs. 74.0 mM/L, respectively).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • fish oil
  • palm oil
  • PUFA
  • RT-qPCR
  • VFA
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