اثر دفعات خوراک دهی روی قابلیت هضم، تولید و ترکیب شیر در گاوهای شیرده: متاآنالیز و متارگرسیون

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشگاه زنجان

2 کارشناس ارشد، دانشگاه زنجان

3 استاد، دانشگاه زنجان

4 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج و محقق ارشد (دکتری تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان)، شرکت زانیار آریایی، تهران

چکیده

هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر دفعات تحویل جیرۀ کاملاً مخلوط‌شده روی قابلیت هضم در کل دستگاه گوارش، تولید و ترکیب شیر در گاوهای شیرده با استفاده از روش‌های متاآنالیز و متارگرسیون بود. در این مطالعه از 14 آزمایش شامل 25 مقایسۀ آماری بین گروه‌های آزمایشی (دفعات خوراک‌دهی بیشتر) و شاهد (دفعات خوراک‌دهی کمتر) که شرایط لازم برای متاآنالیز را داشتند، استفاده شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از روش اندازۀ اثر در نرم‌افزار STATA/SE آنالیز شدند. افزایش دفعات خوراک‌دهی در روز، مادۀ خشک مصرفی را کاهش داد (تفاوت میانگین وزن‌داده‌شده = 134/0‒ کیلوگرم در روز)، اما اثری روی تولید شیر نداشت. سطح علوفۀ جیره و روزهای شیردهی، منابع ناهمگنی تفاوت میانگین استانداردشدۀ مادۀ خشک مصرفی بودند. در این متاآنالیز دفعات خوراک‌دهی بیشتر اثری بر غلظت چربی شیر و غلظت و تولید پروتئین شیر نداشت. افزایش دفعات خوراک‌دادن، قابلیت هضم الیاف را بهبود داد (تفاوت میانگین وزن‌داده‌شده = 663/5 درصد). نتایج متارگرسیون تک‌متغیره نشان داد که افزایش دفعات خوراک‌دهی در جیره‌های با سطح غلات بالا باعث بهبود قابلیت هضم الیاف گاوهای شیرده شد، اما در جیره‌های با سطح علوفۀ بالا باعث کاهش هضم الیاف شد. به‌طورکلی، تحویل جیرۀ کاملاً مخلوط‌شده با سطوح مساوی از کنسانتره و علوفه، سه بار در روز در مقابل یک بار، مادۀ خشک مصرفی را کاهش داد ولی روی تولید شیر اثری نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of feeding frequency on digestibility, milk production and composition in lactating cows: A meta-analysis and meta-regression

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamidreza Mirzaei-Alamouti 1
  • Mehdi Kazemi-Joujili 2
  • Hamid Amanlou 3
  • Mina Vazirigohar 4
1 Assistant Professor, University of Zanjan, Iran
2 Former M. Sc. Student, University of Zanjan, Iran
3 Professor, University of Zanjan, Iran
4 Ph.D. Graduated Student, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of frequency of feeding total mixed ration (TMR) on total-tract digestibility, milk production and composition in lactating cows, using meta-analysis and meta-regression approaches. Data of fourteen experiments having containing 25 comparisons between treatment (higher feeding frequency) and control (lower feeding frequency) groups, defined selection criteria, were used. Data were analyzed using effect size method in STATA/SE. Increasing frequency of feeding decreased dry matter intake (DMI; weighted mean difference (WMD)= ‒0.134 kg/d) but had no effect on milk yield. Forage level of diet and days in milk (DIM) were the source of heterogeneity for standardized mean difference (SMD) of DMI. In this meta-analysis, higher feeding frequency had no effect on milk fat and milk protein content and yield. Increasing feeding frequency improved NDF digestibility (WMD= 5.663%). Results of univariate meta-regression showed that increasing frequency of feeding in diets containing high level of grains improved NDF digestibility, but in high forage diets lowered NDF digestion. In conclusion, delivery of TMR containing equal amounts of forage and concentrate three times vs. one times in a day decreased DMI but did not change milk yield. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • feeding frequency
  • lactating cow
  • Meta-analysis
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