مطالعه مقایسه‌ای قابلیت هضم پیت نیشکر عمل‌آوری‌شده با بخار آب تحت فشار توسط قارچ‌های بی‌هوازی شکمبه گاو هلشتاین و گاومیش خوزستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

2 دانشیار، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

3 دانشیار بازنشسته دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

4 استادیار، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

چکیده

این مطالعه به منظور مقایسة قابلیت هضم پیت نیشکر عمل‌آوری‌شده توسط قارچ‌ها و کل میکروارگانیسم‌های شکمبة گاو و گاومیش انجام شد. قابلیت هضم مادة خشک (DM)، الیاف‌ نامحلول در شویندة خنثی (NDF) و الیاف ‌نامحلول در شویندة اسیدی (ADF) پیت نیشکر عمل‌آوری‌شده توسط کل میکروارگانیسم‌ها و قارچ‌های شکمبة گاو و گاومیش به روش هضم دو مرحله‌ای، تکنیک تولید گاز و کشت اختصاصی قارچ‌های شکمبه اندازه‌گیری و مقایسه شد. قابلیت هضم آزمایشگاهی مادة خشک، NDF و ADF پیت نیشکر توسط کل میکروارگانیسم‌های شکمبة گاومیش (به ترتیب 62، 31/32 و 22 درصد) بیشتر از گاو (به ترتیب 13/50، 07/27 و 25/16 درصد) بود (05/0P<). صرف نظر از نوع میکروارگانیسم قابلیت هضم مادة خشک NDF و ADF توسط گاومیش (13/54، 51/27 و 86/19 درصد) بیشتر از گاو (69/49، 54/24 و 67/14 درصد) بود (05/0P<). پتانسیل تولید گاز پیت نیشکر عمل‌آوری‌شده در حضور کل میکروارگانیسم‌های مایع شکمبة گاو از نظر عددی بیشتر از گاومیش بود (05/0P>). نرخ تولید گاز توسط کل میکروارگانیسم‌ها و قارچ‌های شکمبة گاومیش به طور معناداری بیشتر از گاو بود (05/0P<). صرف نظر از نوع میکروارگانیسم، نرخ تولید گاز پیت نیشکر در گاومیش به طور معناداری بیشتر از گاو بود (05/0P<)؛ برعکس پتانسیل تولید گاز در گاو اندکی بیشتر بود (05/0P>). صرف نظر از نوع دام، قابلیت هضم و توان تولید گاز برای کل میکروارگانیسم‌ها بیشتر از قارچ‌ها بود (05/0P<)، اما برای نرخ تولید گاز بین آن‌ها تفاوتی وجود نداشت. در محیط کشت اختصاصی قارچ‌های شکمبه، قابلیت هضم مادة خشک پیت نیشکر توسط قارچ‌ها در گاومیش در روز دوازدهم به‌طور معناداری بیشتر از گاو بود (05/0P<). تراکم قارچ‌ها در هر میلی‌لیتر مایع شکمبة گاو بیشتر از گاومیش بود (05/0P<). در کل، با وجود تعداد بیشتر قارچ‌های شکمبة گاو، می‌توان گفت که توان قارچ‌ها و کل میکروارگانیسم‌های شکمبة گاومیش در آزمایش حاضر بیشتر از گاو بود. بنابراین، نتایج برتری گاومیش به گاو هلشتاین در استفاده از مواد فیبری کم‌کیفیت را نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The comparative study of steam treated sugarcan pith by digestibility rumen anaerobic fungi in Holstein cow and Khuzestan buffalo

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fateme Shakarami 1
  • Morteza Chaji 2
  • Moosa Eslami 3
  • Tahereh Mohammadabadi 4
  • Mohammad Bojarpour 4
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal science, Ramin Agriculture and National Resources University of Khuzestan
2 Associate Professor, Department of Animal science, Ramin Agriculture and National Resources University of Khuzestan
3 Associate Professor (Retired), Department of Animal science, Ramin Agriculture and National Resources University of Khuzestan
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal science, Ramin Agriculture and National Resources University of Khuzestan
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to compare fungi and whole rumen microorganisms (WRM) digestibility of treated sugarcane pith by fungi and of buffalos and Holstein cows. Dry matter (DM), neutral and acid detergent fiber (NDF and ADF) digestibilities of steam treated sugarcane pith (STP) by fungi and WRM were compared with a two-steps digestion technique, gas production (GP) and specific rumen fungi culturing (SRFC). Dry matter, NDF and ADF digestibilities of steam treated sugarcane pith by WRM in buffalo were higher (62, 32.31 and 22%, respectively) than cow (50.13, 27.07 and 16.2%, respectively) (P<0.05). Regardless of microorganisms type, digestibility of DM, NDF and ADF were greater in buffalo (54.13, 27.51 and 19.86%) than in buffalo (49.69, 24.54 and 14.67) (P<0.05). Potential of GP (B) of STP by WRM in cow was numerically more than that of cow (P>0.05). Fractional rate of GP (C) for WRM and fungi was lower in cow than buffalo (P<0.05). Regardless of microorganisms type, C was higher in buffalo was more than cow (P<0.05) and vice versa for B (P>0.05). Regardless of animal species, whole rumen microorganisms had higher digestibility and potential of GP than fungi (P>0.05), but there was not any difference for rat of GP between them. In SRFC, DM digestibility of STP by fungi at day 12 in buffalo was significantly more than cow (P<0.05). The concentration of fungi per ml of rumen liquer in cow was more than buffalo (P<0.05). Although, the rumen population fungi in cow was more than buffalo, but that digestibility of fungi (in specific rumen fungi culture) and WRM of buffalo was more than cow in present experiment. Therefore, the results of this study showed the advantage and supremacy of buffalo in usage the low quality roughages.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gas production
  • rumen fungi numeration
  • specific rumen fungi culture
  • whole rumen microorganisms

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 آبان 1392
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 شهریور 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 دی 1393

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