نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing egg yolk multi-antibodies against diarrhea pathogens on growth performance, hematological parameters, and feces microbial culture of Holstein suckling calves. 48 calves (male and female) were randomly assigned to three treatments and kept individually from 1 to 28 days of age. The treatments included the group fed with immunopro supplement (containing egg yolk multi-antibody and various probiotics, prebiotics, vitamins, and electrolytes) (IP), the positive control group containing all components of the treatment group without multi-antibody (C+) and the negative control group (C-). Feed intake was recorded every day, body weight and Skeletal growth parameters of calves was recorded every seven days, hematological parameters were measured on day 1 and 28, and feces microbial culture parameters were measured on day 28. The use of IgY supplements increased body weight, daily weight gain, dry matter intake, and feed efficiency (P < 0.05). Skeletal growth parameters (withers height, hip height, hip width, and Heart girth), hematological parameters, and feces microbial culture parameters were not affected by the experimental treatments. The use of IgY supplement decreased feces score, duration of diarrhea, and body temperature (P <0.05). The results suggested that the consumption of IgY against diarrhea pathogen's for up to 28 days promoted the immunity and health of Holstein's suckling calves.
کلیدواژهها [English]
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Diarrhea in premature calves is one of the most challenging clinical syndromes. It causes the death of calves within a few days after birth, leading to significant economic losses in the industry. This disease usually occurs in calves aged 2 to 8 weeks, and its severity decreases with age. Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) has been proposed as an alternative strategy to antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal tract infections through oral passive immunization. Despite research on egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY), there are no reports evaluating the performance of multi-immunoglobulin Y and its effect on diarrhea in calves. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of supplemental nutrition containing various egg yolk antibodies (against bovine rotaviruses, coronaviruses, Clostridium perfringens, and Escherichia coli) on weight, skeletal growth (withers height, hip height, hip width, and heart girth), daily weight gain, dry matter intake, feed efficiency, hematological parameters (white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, percentage of basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and red blood cell indices such as hemoglobin and packed cell volume), fecal microbial culture (Escherichia coli, coliforms, Lactobacillus), and health indicators (feces score, diarrhea duration, and body temperature), and the prevalence of diarrhea in nursing Holstein calves.
Materials & Methods
Forty-eight Holstein calves with an average weight of 43.03 lbs were selected and kept for 28 days in individual stalls under a strict management program. Body weight was measured every seven days, and dry matter intake and health status were measured daily. On days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28, blood samples were taken, kept at 4°C until reaching the laboratory, and then blood parameters were measured. Fecal samples were taken for microbial culture on day 28 and cultured in the laboratory.
Results
The results showed that body weight, daily weight gain, dry matter intake, and feed efficiency of calves increased in the experimental groups (P < 0.05). Skeletal growth parameters (withers height, hip height, hip width, and heart girth), some hematological parameters, and fecal microbial culture parameters were not affected by the treatments. The experimental treatments decreased the feces score, diarrhea duration, and body temperature in calves (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The present findings showed that preventing diarrhea from birth to 28 days can increase the calves' final weight at 28 days by increasing immunity and reducing diarrhea. Also, preventing diarrhea in the first seven days increased dry matter intake in the egg yolk immunoglobulin supplement-consuming group. Feeding a combination of probiotics and egg yolk antibody has a synergistic effect on reducing pathogens such as Escherichia coli and preventing diarrhea in newborn calves. The decrease in body temperature after taking the egg yolk immunoglobulin supplement can be related to its preventive effect on diarrhea.
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