آثار افزودن اسید لینولئیک کنژوگه شده در جیره‌های با سطوح متفاوت ‏NDF‏ علوفه‌ای بر عملکرد ‏تولیدی، متابولیت‌های سرم و شاخص عملکرد کبد در گاوهای تازه‌زای هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 استادیار، علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

3 استادیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، ‏سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی آثار افزودن اسید لینولئیک کنژوگه شده (Conjugated linoleic acid; CLA) در جیره­ها با سطوح متفاوت NDF علوفه­ای (Forage NDF;fNDF) بر عملکرد و متابولیت­های سرم گاوهای تازه­زای هلشتاین بود. چهل رأس گاو هلشتاین چند بار زایش براساس امتیاز وضعیت بدنی در زمان زایش و تولید شیر معادل بلوغ 305 روز بلوک‌بندی شدند و به‌طور تصادفی به یکی از 4 تیمار آزمایشی اختصاص یافتند. تیمارها در یک آرایش فاکتوریل 2×2 با 2 سطح fNDF (18 در برابر 23 درصد) و 2 سطح مکمل CLA (بدون CLA در برابر 200 گرم مکمل CLA) مرتب شدند؛ انواع جیره‌ها شامل جیره‌ با fNDF پایین بدون افزودن CLA ((18fNDF - CLA؛ جیره‌ با fNDF پایین با افزودن CLA ((18fNDF + CLA؛ جیره‌ با fNDF بالا بدون افزودن CLA ((23fNDF - CLA وجیره‌ با fNDF بالا با افزودن CLA  (23fNDF+CLA) بودند. اثر متقابلی بین CLA و سطوح fNDF بر عملکرد و متابولیت­های سرم طی 21 روز اول پس از زایش وجود نداشت (05/0P>). ماده خشک مصرفی تا 5/1 کیلوگرم با جیره 18fNDF در مقایسه با 23FNDF افزایش یافت (01/0P<)، درحالی‌که افزودن CLA ماده خشک مصرفی را تا 15/1 کیلوگرم در روز در مقایسه با جیره‌های بدون CLA کاهش داد (01/0P<). گاوهای تغذیه‌شده با جیره­ 23fNDF وزن بدن بیش‌تری در مقایسه با گاوهای تغذیه‌شده با 18fNDF از دست دادند (01/0P=). تولید شیر گاوهای 18fNDF در مقایسه با گاوهای 23fNDF بالاتر بود (01/0P<). گاوهای تغذیه‌شده با جیره‌های حاوی CLA شیر بیش‌تر، درصد چربی شیر پایین­تر و درصد لاکتوز بالاتری  تولید کردند (05/0>P). گلوکز سرم گاوهای تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی CLA بالاتر بود (01/0P<). گاوهای تغذیه‌شده با 18fNDF غلظت‌های سرمی NEFA و BHBA پایین­تری در مقایسه با 23fNDF داشتند (05/0P<)، اما مکمل CLA غلظت NEFA و BHBA سرم را تحت تاثیر قرار نداد (05/0P>). درمجموع، کاهش NDFعلوفه­ای در جیره گاوهای تازه­زا منجر به بهبود خوراک مصرفی و عملکرد تولیدی شد. افزودن CLA در جیره گاوهای تازه­زا منجر به صرفه­جویی در گلوکز از طریق کاهش ساخت‌چربی، افزایش درصدلاکتوز و تولید شیر شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of CLA supplementation in diets with different levels of forage NDF on ‎performance, serum metabolites and liver functionality in Holstein fresh cows ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Amanlou 1
  • Tahere Amirabadi 2
  • Najme Eslamian Farsuni 3
1 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran‎
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural‏ ‏Resources Research and ‎Education Center, AREEO, Shahrekord, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CLA supplementation in diets with different levels of forage NDF on performance, serum metabolites and liver functionality in Holstein fresh cows. Forty Cows were blocked based on their body condition score at calving and 305-d mature-equivalent milk yield, and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 experimental diets from calving to 21 days in milk (DIM). Treatments were used in a 2×2 factorial arrangement with 2 levels of fNDF and 2 doses of CLA supplement; Treatments were formulated to contain 18.0 or 23.0% fNDF without or with CLA supplement for diets 18fNDF-CLA, 18fNDF+CLA, 23fNDF-CLA and 23fNDF+ CLA. There was no effect of fNDF by CLA interaction on investigated items. Dry matter intake increased up to 1.5 kg with 18fNDF diet compared to 23FNDF (P<0.01), while the addition of CLA reduced the dry matter intake to 1.15 kg/d compared to diets without CLA supplementation (P<0.01). Cows fed 23fNDF diet lost more body weight than those fed 18fNDF. Milk yield was higher for cows fed 18fNDF than 23fNDF (P<0.01). Cows fed diets containing CLA produced more milk, lower milk fat percentage, and higher lactose content. (P<0.05). Serum glucose was higher in cows fed CLA-containing diets (P<0.01). Cows fed 18fNDF had lower serum concentrations of NEFA and BHBA compared to those fed 23fNDF (P<0.05), but CLA supplementation did not affect serum NEFA and BHBA (P>0.05). (P<0.05). In general, the reduction of forage NDF in the diet of fresh cows led to improved feed intake and production performance. Addition of CLA to the diet of fresh cows led to glucose savings by reducing fat synthesis, increasing lactose content and milk production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dry mater intake
  • Energy balance
  • Fresh dairy cows
  • Milk fat percentage
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