بررسی اثر استفاده منابع مختلف چربی در جیره آغازین بر رشد و سلامتی بره‌های زود شیرگیری‌شده ‏قزل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

4 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

این آزمایش به­منظور بررسی اثر منابع مختلف چربی در جیره آغازین بر رشد و سلامتی بره­های زود شیرگیری شده­ی قزل انجام شد. تعداد 20 رأس بره ماده قزل بعد از تولد و 4 هفته تغذیه با شیر مادر، به 4 گروه 5 رأسی بصورت تصادفی (4 تیمار با 5 تکرار) به­طوری که میانگین وزن شروع دوره برای هر یک از تیمارها یکسان بود، تفکیک و بعد از طی دو هفته دوره عادت­پذیری با استفاده از ترکیب کنسانتره آغازین و علوفه به مدت 2 ماه تغذیه شدند. جیره­آزمایشی در گروه­های آزمایشی شامل خوراک آغازین با نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه 90:10 دارای 3 درصد نمک کلسیمی اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع از منابع مختلف (روغن کتان، روغن سویا و روغن ماهی) بود. به­منظور شبیه‌سازی شرایط پرورش سنتی گروه شاهد در طول آزمایش فقط از شیر مادر تغذیه کردند. اثر تیمارها بر ماده خشک مصرفی و افزایش وزن بره­ها معنی­دار بود. بیشترین مقدار خوراک مصرفی و افزایش وزن در تیمار استفاده از نمک کلسیمی روغن کتان مشاهده شد. اثر تیمارها بر ویژگی­های بیومتری بره­ها معنـی­دار بود. بیشترین مقدار قابلیت هضم الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی و اسیدی، پروتئین­خام، ماده­ی آلی در تیمار نمک کلسیمی روغن کتان مشاهده شد. قابلیت هضم چربی خام تفاوت معنی­داری در بین تیمارها نسبت به هم نشان نداد. اسیدهای چرب فرّار و pH شکمبه در بین تیمارها تفاوت معنی­داری نشان نداد. بیشترین تعداد پروتزوا در تیمار 3 درصد کتان مشاهده شد. میزان پروتئین تام خون کاهش معنی­داری در تیمار روغن ماهی نسبت به شاهد نشان داد. میزان کلسترول و گلوکز خون کاهش معنی­داری در همه­ی تیمار­ها نسبت به تیماری که از شیر مادر تغذیه کرده‌اند نشان داد، اما میزان تری گلیسیرید و آلبومین تفاوت معنی­داری نسبت به شاهد نشان نداد. به­طور کلی نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که زود از شیرگیری بره­ها باعث بهبود عملکرد بره­ها می­شود و چون بهترین میزان عملکرد در تیمار تغذیه‌شده با روغن کلسیمی کتان مشاهده شد بنابراین استفاده از سطح سه درصد این روغن کلسیمی در تغذیه بره های زود شیرگیری شده قزل توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of using different unsaturated fat sources in starter diet on performance ‎and metabolic parameters of early weaned Ghezel lambs

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mina Hajilu 1
  • Rasoul Pirmohammadi 2
  • Hamed Khalilvandi-Behroozyar 3
  • Behzad AsadNejad 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
4 Ph.D. Graduate, Department of Animal Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

the experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of using different fat sources in the starter diet on the growth and health parameters of early weaned Ghezel lambs. 20 female lambs of Ghezel sheep breed after birth and 4 weeks of breastfeeding was randomly divided into 4 groups of 5 heads (4 treatments with 5 replicates) so that the average weight at the beginning of the period was the same for the groups. After two weeks of habituation period, they were fed using a combination of 90:10 concertrate: forage as starter diet for 2 months. The experimental diet in the experimental groups included 3% calcium salt of unsaturated fatty acids from flaxseed oil, soybean oil and fish oil as fat sources. The control group fed only breast milk during the exprimental period. The effect of treatments on dry matter consumption and weight gain is significant. The highest amount of feed and weight gain was observed in the treatment of 3% calcium salt of flaxseed oil. The effect of the treatments on the biometric characteristics of the periods was significant. The highest amount of insoluble fiber digestibility was observed in neutral and acidic detergents, crude protein, and organic matter in the treatment of 3% calcium was salt of flaxseed oil. The digestibility of raw fatty acid did not show a significant difference between the treatments. The volatile fatty acids and ruminal pH did not show a significant difference between the treatments. The highest number of prostheses was observed in the treatment of 3% flaxseed oil. Total blood protein levels showed a significant decrease in fish oil treatment compared to control. Cholesterol and blood glucose levels decreased significantly in all treatments compared to those fed with breast milk, but triglyceride and albumin levels did not differ significantly compare to control group. In general, the experimental results showed that early weaning improves the growth of lambs and because the best performance was observed in the treated feed with 3% flaxseed calcium oil, so using the level of 3% of this oil in starter diet of early weaned lambs might be recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • DHA
  • Early weaning
  • EPA
  • Essential fatty acids
  • Linolenic acid
  • Starter Diet

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علوم دامی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 2
مرداد 1401
صفحه 81-96

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 12 دی 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 20 دی 1400

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