اثر جایگزین‌کردن کنجاله سویا با پودر ماهی بر تولید شیر، ترکیبات شیر و عملکرد تولید مثلی گاوهای ‏هلشتاین با فحلی مکرر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تغذیه دام، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 دکتری تخصصی دامپزشکی، شرکت کشت و دامداری فکا، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

تعداد 261 رأس گاو هلشتاین با دو زایش یا بیشتر و فحلی مکرر (کمینه سه تلقیح پی در پی ناموفق) به­طور تصادفی به سه تیمار آزمایشی اختصاص داده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی عبارت بودند از: 1- جیره شاهد (بدون پودر ماهی)، 2- جیره حاوی 5/2 درصد پودر ماهی و 3- جیره حاوی 5 درصد پودر ماهی. همه­ گاوها وارد پروتکل دابل آوسینک و تلقیح اجباری شدند. تولید شیر خام در تیمارهای شاهد، 5/2 و 5 درصد پودر ماهی به ترتیب 49/38، 92/39 و 42/41 کیلوگرم در روز بود که تفاوت بین تیمار شاهد و تیمار حاوی 5 درصد پودر ماهی معنی­دار (01/0P<) بود. تولید شیر تصحیح شده بر اساس 4 درصد چربی برای تیمار حاوی 5 درصد پودر ماهی نسبت به تیمار شاهد بالاتر بود (05/0P<). درصد چربی، پروتئین و لاکتوز شیر تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفت. غلظت نیتروژن اوره­ای پلاسما به­طور معنی­داری (05/0P<) تحت تأثیر استفاده از پودر ماهی کاهش یافت. غلظت کلسترول پلاسما در تیمار دارای 5 درصد پودر ماهی بالاتر از تیمار شاهد بود (05/0P<). غلظت پروژسترون پلاسما در روز شانزدهم پس از تلقیح مصنوعی برای تیمار 5 درصد پودر ماهی نسبت به تیمار شاهد بالاتر بود (05/0P<). نسبت آبستنی به تلقیح مصنوعی هم در اولین تلقیح و هم در مجموع اولین و دومین تلقیح برای تیمار حاوی 5 درصد پودر ماهی نسبت به تیمار شاهد بالاتر بود (05/0P<). نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که استفاده پودر ماهی در سطح 5 درصد جیره غذایی گاوهای با فحلی مکرر می­تواند باعث بهبود وضعیت آبستنی و افزایش تولید شیر شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of replacement soybean meal with fish meal on milk production, milk ‎composition and reproductive performance in repeat breeder Holstein cows ‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farhad Kamali Dehkordi 1
  • Hamid Amanlou 2
  • Nima Sadeghi Broujeni 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 DVM, PhD in FKA Animal Husbandry and Agriculture Co., Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of fish meal supplementation on productive and reproduction performance in repeat breeder Holstein cows. Two hundred and sixty-one multiparous Holstein cows with at least three consecutive unsuccessful inseminations, without clinically detectable reproductive disorders, were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 dietary treatments. Dietary treatments were control, 2.5 or 5% fish meal, that replaced soybean meal. Cows were timed inseminated following the Double-Ovsynch protocol. Milk yield was (38.49, 39.92, and 41.42 kg/d, for cows fed the control, 2.5 and 5% FM diets respectively) of which the difference (P<0.01) between the control and 5% FM diets was significant. Likewise, 4% FCM was higher for treatment 5% FM relative to control (P<0.05). Milk fat, protein and lactose content (%) were not different among treatment (P>0.05) but milk protein yield was higher (P<0.05) for cows fed the 5% FM than control and 2.5% FM diets was significant. Plasma and milk urea nitrogen concentrations decreased significantly (P<0.05) affected fish meal by consumption. Plasma cholesterol concentration was higher for cows fed 5% FM compared to the control diet (P<0.01). Plasma progesterone concentration at 16 d post artificial insemination was greater for treatment 5% FM relative to control treatment (P<0.05). Pregnancy at the first service and cumulative (1st and 2nd service) for cows fed 5% FM content higher than control diet (P<0.05). These results indicated that supplementation the diet with 5% fish meal improved fertility and productive performance in repeat breeding cows.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dairy cows
  • fertility
  • fish meal
  • progesterone
  • repeat breeder

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علوم دامی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 4
بهمن 1400
صفحه 271-283

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 شهریور 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 مهر 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 مهر 1400

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