اثر جایگزینی کنجاله سویای حلالی با کنجاله سویای اکسترود بر عملکرد و وضعیت متابولیکی گاوهای ‏تازه‌زای هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

هدف از اجرای این پژوهش مقایسه کنجاله سویای حلالی با کنجاله سویای اکسترود شده در دمای 135 درجه سانتی­گراد بر روی عملکرد و وضعیت متابولیکی گاوهای تازه­زای هلشتاین بود. 24 راس گاو هلشتاین (وزن بدن ± SD؛  33/28 ± 45/614) به طور تصادفی به دو جیره از روز زایش تا 21 روز پس از زایش اختصاص یافتند: 1- شاهد (حاوی کنجاله سویای حلالی؛ SSBM) و 2- آزمایشی (حاوی کنجاله سویای اکسترود شده؛ ESBM). گاوها به طور انفرادی نگهداری و با جیره­های کاملاً مخلوط تغذیه شدند و خوراک مصرفی و بقایا به طور روزانه ثبت شدند. تولید شیر هر گاو به طور روزانه ثبت شد و نمونه­گیری از شیر به طور هفتگی جهت تعیین ترکیبات شیر انجام شد. وزن بدن و امتیاز وضعیت بدنی گاوها بلافاصله پس از زایش و 21 روز پس از زایش تعیین شدند. ماده خشک مصرفی در گاوهای ESBM در مقایسه با گاوهای SSBM بالاتر بود (01/0 ˂ P). گاوهای تغذیه‌شده با ESBM، 71/3 کیلوگرم در روز شیر بیشتری نسبت به گاوهای SSBM تولید کردند (05/0P<). درصد چربی شیر در گاوهای ESBM کم­تر از گاوهای SSBM بود (05/0P<). گاوهای ESBM غلظت گلوکز خون کمتر (01/0P<) و کلسترول خون بیشتری (01/0 ˂ P) نسبت به گاوهای SSBM داشتند. میانگین دمای راست روده‌ای، تغییرات امتیاز وضعیت بدنی و وزن بدن و بازده خوراک بین تیمارها متفاوت نبود (1/0P>). در کل، نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که جایگزین کردن کنجاله سویای حلالی با کنجاله سویای اکسترود، DMI و تولید شیر را در گاوهای تازه­زا افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of replacing solvent soybean meal with extruded soybean meal on ‎performance and metabolic status of Holstein fresh cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Shami 1
  • Hamid Amanlou 2
  • Tahere Amirabadi Farahani 3
  • Najme Eslamian Farsuni 4
1 M. Sc. Graduate, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, Shahrekord, Iran
چکیده [English]

The objective of this study was to compare solvent soybean meal with extruded soybean meal at 135°C on performance and metabolic status of fresh Holstein cows. Twenty-four Holstein cows (BW± SD; 614.45± 28.33) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 experimental treatments from caving until 21 days in milk: 1- control (containing solvent soybean meal; SSBM) and 2- experimental (containing extruded soybean meal; ESBM). Cows were housed in individual stalls, fed with total mixed ration, and feed offered and ort were recorded daily. Milk yield was recorded daily and milk sampls were taken weekly to determine its composition. Body weight and body condition score of cows were determined at immediately after calving and 21 DIM. Dry matter intake in ESBM cows was greater than SSBM cows (P˂ 0.01). Cows fed ESBM produced 3.71 kg/d more milk than SSBM cows (P< 0.05). Milk fat content in ESBM cows was lower than SSBM cows (P<0.05). The ESBM cows had lower serum glucose concentration (P<0.01) and higher cholesterol (P<0.01) than SSBM cows. Rectal temperature, BCS and BW changes, and feed efficiency were not different between treatments (P>0.1). Overall, the results of this study showed that replacing solvent soybean meal with extruded soybean meal increased DMI and milk yield of fresh cows.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dry matter intake
  • extruded soybean meal
  • fresh cow
  • milk yield‎

مراجع

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علوم دامی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 3
آذر 1400
صفحه 153-162

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 اسفند 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 خرداد 1400

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