ارزیابی عملکرد رشد، شاخص‌های خونی، پاسخ ایمنی، گوارش‌پذیری مواد مغذی و ریخت‌شناسی ‏روده جوجه گوشتی تغذیه‌شده با دانه فرآوری‌شده کینوا (‏Chenopodium quinoa Willd‏)‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد پرورش و مدیریت تولید طیور، گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران‎ ‎

3 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این تحقیق، ارزیابی استفاده از سطوح مختلف دانه فرآوری شده کینوا بر عملکرد رشد، شاخص‌های لاشه، شاخص­های بیوشیمیایی خون، قابلیت هضم مواد مغذی و ریخت‌شناسی روده در جوجه‌های گوشتی بود. در این آزمایش از تعداد 280 قطعه جوجه یک‌روزه نر سویه راس 308 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 7 تیمار و 4 تکرار و 10 قطعه در هر تکرار استفاده شد. گروه‌های آزمایشی شامل گروه شاهد (فاقد کینوا)، سه سطح 4، 8 و 12 درصد دانه شسته کینوا و سه سطح 4، 8 و 12 درصد دانه پوست‌کنده کینوا بودند. داده‌های عملکردی شامل وزن بدن، مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل خوراک در دوره‌های آغازین (1-10 روزگی)، رشد (11-24 روزگی) و پایانی (25-42 روزگی) رکوردبرداری شدند. نتایج نشان داد استفاده از دانه پوست‌کنده کینوا، وزن بدن و مصرف خوراک را افزایش و ضریب تبدیل خوراک را در مقایسه با شاهد کاهش داد (05/0P<). افزودن 4 درصد دانه پوست‌کنده کینوا به جیره جوجه‌های گوشتی، وزن نسبی اجزای لاشه شامل سینه و ران را افزایش و چربی شکمی را در مقایسه با شاهد کاهش داد (05/0P<). استفاده از دانه کینوا در جیره جوجه‌های گوشتی بر وزن نسبی قلب و کبد اثر نداشت و وزن نسبی بورس فابرسیوس در جوجه­های تغذیه شده با سطوح مختلف دانه شسته و پوست‌کنده کینوا از گروه شاهد بالاتر بود (05/0P<). استفاده از دانه شسته یا پوست‌کنده کینوا تا سطح 12 درصد اثر منفی بر عملکرد جوجه‌های گوشتی نداشت. استفاده از دانه فرآوری‌شده کینوا در سطح 4 درصد سبب افزایش عمق کریپت و ارتفاع پرز ژژنوم در مقایسه با شاهد شد (05/0P<). افزودن دانه فرآوری‌شده کینوا بر عرض پرز ژژنوم، گوارش‌پذیری پروتئین و چربی اثر نداشت. بنابراین استفاده از دانه فرآوری‌شده کینوا تا سطح 12 درصد اثر منفی بر گوارش‌پذیری مواد مغذی نداشت و باعث بهبود ریخت‌شناسی بافت در قسمت ژژنوم ­شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Growth performance, blood indices, immune response, nutrient digestibility and ‎intestinal morphology of broiler chickens fed processed quinoa seed (Chenopodium quinoa Willd)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atefeh Nokandi 1
  • Seyyed Javad Hosseini-Vashan 2
  • Seyyed Ehsan Ghiasi 3
  • Hossein Naeimipour-Yonesi 3
1 M.Sc. Graduate of Poultry Production Management and Husbandry, Animal Science Department, ‎University of Birjand, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to investigate the application of different levels of peeled and washed quinoa seeds on growth performance, immune response, nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology in broilers. A total 280 Ross 308, one day old chicks were used in a completely randomized design with seven treatments, four replicates and 10 chicks per replicate. Experimental groups consisted of seven groups; fed 4, 8 and 12% peeled quinoa, or 4, 8 and 12% washed quinoa, and one control group. The results showed that using 4% peeled quinoa significantly increased the body weight and the feed intake. Broiler fed 4% peeled quinoa had lower FCR compare to the control (P<0.05). The using of 4% peeled quinoa increased the relative weight of carcass components including the breast and thigh (P<0.05) but decreased abdominal fat compared to the control group (P<0.05). The relative weight of bursa was higher in chicks fed different levels of quinoa (P<0.05). At 42 days of age the quinoa had no effect on the titer of immunoglobulin M and G index but increased total anti-SRBC index in broilers fed different levels of processed quinoa, compared to control (P<0.05). Quinoa reduced the concentration of cholesterol and LDL in broiler chicks (P<0.05). The processed quinoa at 4% increased the villus height and crypt depth (P <0.05), but did not affect the villus width of jejunum of broilers. It is concluded that using peeled and washed quinoa at 4% improved growth performance of broiler chickens. However, up to 12% washed or peeled quinoa had no negative effect on growth performance, and may decrease abdominal fat and blood lipid and may increase immune response of broiler chickens.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carcass efficiency
  • cholesterol
  • crypt depth
  • feed conversion ratio
  • quinoa

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علوم دامی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 285-297

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 آبان 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 24 آذر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 دی 1399

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