تأثیر افزودن فیبر از منابع و با اندازه مختلف ذرات بر عملکرد و خصوصیات دستگاه گوارش در ‏جوجه‌های گوشتی تا سن 21 روزگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

در این تحقیق، اثر افزودن منابع مختلف فیبر و اندازه ذرات فیبر بر عملکرد و خصوصیات دستگاه گوارش در دوره21-1 روزگی جوجه‌های گوشتی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تعداد 420 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر در 7 تیمار آزمایشی و 6 تکرار به روش فاکتوریل مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. تیمارهای آزمایشی عبارت از سه منبع فیبر (3%) شامل پوسته آفتابگردان، پوسته برنج و پوسته کاملینا و دو اندازه ذرات فیبر (ریز (1 میلی­متر) و درشت (3 میلی­متر)) و یک گروه  شاهد بودند. آثار اصلی منابع فیبر و اندازه ذرات فیبر بر مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی معنی­دار نبود (05/0P˃)، مقایسه تیمارهای آزمایشی نشان داد که به کاربردن پوسته آفتابگردان با اندازه ریز سبب بهبود افزایش وزن بدن نسبت به گروه شاهد می‌شود (05/0P<). وزن سنگدان تحت تأثیر اثر اصلی منبع فیبر و اندازه ذرات فیبر قرار نگرفت، اگرچه استفاده از پوسته آفتابگردان با اندازه درشت تمایل به افزایش وزن سنگدان را در مقایسه با شاهد نشان داد (08/0P=). جیره­های حاوی پوسته آفتابگردان و پوسته برنج، وزن نسبی ژژنوم را در مقایسه با پوسته کاملینا افزایش دادند (05/0P<). وزن نسبی دئودنوم و ایلئوم، همچنین pH پیش­معده و سنگدان، تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفت. اثر اندازه ذرات فیبر بر وزن سکوم معنی­دار بود و به کار بردن ذرات درشت در مقایسه با ریز، وزن سکوم را افزایش داد (05/0P<). بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق، به کاربردن فیبر های پوسته آفتابگردان، پوسته برنج و پوسته کاملینا در جیره جوجه‌های گوشتی به میزان 3 درصد هیچ‌گونه تأثیر منفی بر روی عملکرد جوجه‌های گوشتی ندارد، در حالی‌که اضافه کردن پوسته آفتابگردان به جیره، وزن بدن و سنگدان را بهبود می­دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of source and particle size of fiber on performance and gastrointestinal ‎tract characteristics in broiler chickens up to 21 days of age

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leili Jamshidi 1
  • Soudabeh Moradi 2
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, ‎Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, ‎Iran
چکیده [English]

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of fiber source and particle size on growth performance and gastrointestinal tract characteristics in broiler chickens from d 1 to 21. A total of 420 male broiler chickens were randomly distributed in 7 treatments and 6 replicates per treatment, which were arranged factorially. Experimental treatments including three insoluble fiber sources, 3% (sunflower hulls, SFH; rice hulls, RH; and camelina hulls, CH), and two sizes of fiber particles (fine (1 mm) and coarse (3 mm)), and a control group (without fiber addition). Main effects of fiber sources and particle size on feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were not significant (P˃0.05), whereas, the inclusion of fine SFH improved body weight gain compared to the control group (P<0.05). The main effects of source and size of fibers did not affect gizzard weight, although the inclusion of coarse SFH tended to increase gizzard weight compared to control (P=0.08). The SFH and RH-containing diets improved the relative jejunum weight than the CH-containing diet (P<0.05). Experimental treatments did not influence the pH of proventriculus and gizzard, as well as the relative weights of duodenum and ileum. The main effect of fiber particle size was significant in term of cecum weight, so that coarse grinding increased cecum weight compared to fine grinding (P<0.05). Based on the results of this research, dietary inclusion 3% of sunflower hulls, rice hulls, and camelina hulls in the diet of broilers had no negative impacts on the growth performance of broiler chickens, while diluting the diet with sunflower hulls could improve body weight and gizzard weight.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Broiler chickens
  • fiber particle size
  • fiber source
  • gastrointestinal tract

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علوم دامی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 211-220

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 تیر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 مرداد 1399

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