آثار شکل فیزیکی خوراک و تراکم پرنده در قفس بر عملکرد، کیفیت تخم‌مرغ و الگوی تولید ‏مرغ‌های تخم‌گذار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، واحد ورامین-پیشوا، ‏ورامین، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

3 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ‏استان قم، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

4 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، واحد ورامین-پیشوا، ورامین، ایران

5 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه پیام نور

6 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

چکیده

تعداد 384 قطعه مرغ تخم‌گذار سویه شیور در سن 50 هفتگی انتخاب و در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی به‌صورت یک آزمایش فاکتوریل 2×3 شامل دو عامل شکل خوراک (آردی و پلت) و تراکم (3، 4 و 5 قطعه مرغ تخم‌گذار در هر قفس) برای مدت 10 هفته استفاده شدند. صفات عملکردی مرغ به‌مدت 10 هفته و کیفی تخم‌مرغ در هفته 10 آزمایش اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر اصلی خوراک پلت نسبت به آردی در 5 هفته اول آزمایش سبب افزایش وزن تخم‌مرغ (05/0P<) و در طول 10 هفته موجب افزایش وزن تخم‌مرغ و کاهش خوراک مصرفی و ضریب تبدیل غذایی مرغ‌ها شد (01/0P<). در زمینه اثر اصلی تراکم، در 5 هفته اول با افزایش تراکم از 3 به 4 و 5، مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل غذایی و در 10 هفته با افزایش تراکم از 3 به 5، درصد تولید تخم‌مرغ و مصرف خوراک مرغ‌ها کاهش یافت. تغییرات وزن مرغ‌ تحت تأثیر تراکم، شکل خوراک (01/0P<) و اثر متقابل این دو عامل قرار داشت (05/0P<). اثر اصلی تراکم گله بر وزن مخصوص تخم‌مرغ در گروه با تراکم 3 نسبت به تراکم 4 به طور معنی داری بیشتر بود (05/0P<). در تیمارهای با خوراک پلت و تراکم بالا میزان تخم‌گذاری در صبح کاهش یافت (01/0P<). نتایج نشان داد اثر افزایش تراکم مرغ در کاهش مصرف خوراک فقط در جیره‌های آردی قابل مشاهده است و استفاده از شکل پلت نسبت به شکل آردی ضریب تبدیل خوراک را به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of physical form of feed and cage density on laying performance and pattern ‎and egg quality of laying hens

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Naser Mousavi 1
  • Alireza Jafari Eravari 2 3
  • Esa Fahimi 4
  • Reza Taherkhani 5
  • Pouya Zamani 6
1 Associate Professor , Department of Animal Science, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, ‎Varamin, Iran
2 Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
4 Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran‎
6 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran ‎
چکیده [English]

A total of 384 Shaver laying hens were selected at 50 weeks of age, and used in a factorial arrangement with two feed forms (mash and pellet) and three cage densities (3, 4 and 5 hens per cage) for 10 weeks. During 10 weeks of experiment, laying performance and at week 10 egg quality parameters, were measured. The results showed that hens fed pellet feed had higher egg weight at first 5 weeks and higher egg weight and lower feed intake and lower feed conversion ratio for ovearll 10 weeks of experiment, compared to those fed mash diet. During first 5 weeks of experiment, with increasing birds per cage 3 to 4 and 5, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (P<0.01), and for overall 10 weeks of experiment, with increasing birds from 3 to 5 per cage, egg production and feed consumption werer significantly reduced (P<0.05). The final body weight and weight changes of lying hens were affected by the cage density, feed form (P<0.01) and their interaction (P<0.05) during experimental period. The effect of cage density on shell thickness and specific gravity of eggs was significant (P<0.05). Egg production during the day was postponed in birds fed pellet feed or reared at higher density. The results showed that by increasing the cage density, laying performance was decreased, but for hens fed pellet feed, cage density had no effect on feed intake.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cage density
  • feed form
  • laying hen
  • laying pattern‎

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علوم دامی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1399
صفحه 27-36

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 شهریور 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 آذر 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 آذر 1398

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