بررسی آثار جایگزینی کنجاله سویا با کنجاله کلزا و فرآوری دانه ذرت بر عملکرد تولیدی گاوهای هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

5 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی آثار جایگزینی کنجاله سویا با کنجاله کلزا و همچنین روش فرآوری دانه ذرت بر عملکرد تولیدی گاوهای پر تولید از 12 رأس گاو شیرده هلشتاین (زایش دوم با میانگین روزهای شیردهی 14±80 و تولید شیر 3±46 کیلوگرم در روز) در قالب طرح مربع لاتین تکرار شونده 4×4 به روش فاکتوریل 2×2 استفاده شد. عامل اول روش فرآوری دانه ذرت شامل آسیاب نرم و پرک‌شده با بخار بود و عامل دوم شامل دو نسبت کنجاله کلزا به کنجاله سویا (50:50 و 100: صفر) در جیره بود. ماده خشک مصرفی، تولید شیر، غلظت ترکیبات شیر و همچنین پارامترهای شکمبه ای تحت تأثیر نوع کنجاله مصرفی در جیره قرار نگرفت. حذف کامل کنجاله سویا در جیره سبب کاهش قابلیت هضم ظاهری ماده خشک گردید. پرک کردن ذرت با بخار سبب کاهش خوراک مصرفی، کاهش درصد چربی شیر، افزایش درصد پروتئین شیر و افزایش غلظت گلوکز خون شد، اما تولید شیر تحت تأثیر قرار نگرفت. اثر متقابل جایگزینی کنجاله سویا با کنجاله کلزا و روش فرآوری دانه ذرت بر پاسخ های عملکردی گاوهای شیری معنی‌دار نبود. استفاده از کنجاله کلزا به‌عنوان جایگزین مناسب کنجاله سویا و همچنین پرک کردن ذرت با بخار به‌علت بهبود راندمان خوراک و اثر مثبت بر متابولیسم نیتروژن و انرژی جهت تغذیه گاوهای پرتولید، قابل توصیه خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of replacement of soybean meal with canola meal and corn processing on ‎productive performance of Holstein dairy cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzad Abdollahzadeh 1
  • Hamid Mohammadzadeh 2
  • Mohammad Khorvash 3
  • Akbar Taghizadeh 4
  • Ali Hosseinkhani 5
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, Tabriz University, Tabriz, ‎Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
4 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
5 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacement of soybean meal with canola meal and corn processing on productive performance of Holstein dairy cows. Twelve Holstein cows (milk yield= 46±3 kg/d) were assigned to a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Factor 1 was corn processing method, ground corn or steam flaked corn, and factor 2 was two ratio canola meal to soybean meal (50:50 or 100:0). No significant interactions of main treatment effects occurred for lactation performance data. Dry matter intake and milk production was not affected by replacement of soybean meal with canola meal. Milk compounds concentration was not affected by this replacement. Substitution of hundred percent of soybean meal with canola meal in the diet decreased the apparent digestibility of the dry matter. Feed intake was decrease when the cows received steam flaked corn compared with those receiving ground corn. Milk fat content decreased but milk protein content increased in cows fed steam flaked compared with those fed ground corn. Although these results showed no interaction effects of replacement of soybean meal with canola meal and corn processing method on performance, higher canola meal ratio and steam flaked corn improved feed efficiency and has a positive effect on the metabolism of nitrogen and energy, so recommended to fed in high-yielding cows under the conditions of this experiment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Canola meal
  • corn processing
  • Holstein cow
  • soybean meal‎

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علوم دامی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 4
اسفند 1398
صفحه 271-282

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 29 مرداد 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 26 آذر 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 دی 1398

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