اثر متقابل فضای آخور و اندازۀ ذرات علوفه بر فراسنجه‎های رفتار تغذیه‌ای در گوساله‎های مادۀ هلشتاین در حال رشد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، البرز، کد پستی 3158777871، ایران

2 استادیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، البرز، کد پستی 3158777871، ایران

3 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، البرز، کد پستی 3158777871، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثر متقابل فضای آخور و اندازۀ ذرات علوفه بر مادۀ خشک مصرفی و رفتار تغذیه‌ای گوساله‌های مادۀ هلشتاین در حال رشد بود. در این آزمایش از 40 راس گوساله در حال رشد هلشتاین با میانگین سنی 12-8 ماه و  میانگین وزن 8/32±6/295 کیلوگرم در طرح چرخشی فاکتوریل 2×2  (چهار دوره با طول هر دوره 25 روز) استفاده شد. در این آزمایش تفاوت جیره‌ها در اندازۀ قطعه‌های علوفه (یونجه و کاه) بود. تیمار‌ها در این آزمایش شامل 1) تیمار با 24 سانتی‌متر فضای آخور و میانگین اندازۀ ذرات علوفه 1/7 میلی‌متر (24/ریز)،  2) تیمار با 24 سانتی‌متر فضای آخور و میانگین اندازۀ ذرات علوفه 2/11 میلی‌متر (24/درشت)، 3) تیمار با 48 سانتی‌متر فضای آخور و میانگین اندازۀ ذرات علوفه 1/7 میلی‌متر (48/ریز)، 4) تیمار با 48 سانتی‌متر فضای آخور و میانگین اندازۀ ذرات علوفه 2/11 میلی‌متر (48/ درشت) بود. نتایج نشان داد، مدت‌زمان خوراک خوردن در طول 24 ساعت برای تیمارهای دارای فضای آخور آزاد (48 سانتی‌متر) در مقایسه با تیمارهای دارای فضای آخور محدود (24 سانتی‌متر) بیشتر بود (05/0p<). همچنیننتایج نشان داد، در صورت دسترسی گوساله‌ها به فضای آخور آزاد، اندازۀ ذرات خوراک تأثیری برشدت رقابت ندارد درحالی‌که در صورت محدود بودن فضای آخور، شدت رقابت برای خوراک‌های حاوی علوفه با اندازۀ ذرات درشت بیشتر از خوراک‌های حاوی علوفه با اندازۀ ذرات ریز بود (05/0p<).

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The study of interaction effects of feed bunk space and forage particle size on feeding behaviors in female Holstein calves

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ayub Mohammadi 1
  • Farhang Fatehi 2
  • Abolfazl Zali 3
  • Mahdi Ganjkhanlou 3
1 M.Sc. Student in Animal Nutrition, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, PC +983158777871, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, PC +983158777871, Iran
3 Associate Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, PC +983158777871, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction effects between feed bunk spaces and forage particle size on feeding behaviors of female Holstein calves. This study was done on 40 Holstein heifers aged 8-12 months and average mean weight 295.62±32.86 kg in a factorial change over design 2×2 (four periods with a length of each period of 25 days). The sole differences between treatments was related to forage (alfalfa hay and wheat straw length) as these forage were cut off by cutter with 3 cm pore size sieve (fine diet) and 6 cm pore size sieve (coarse diet) before adding to feeder mixer wagon. Treatments in this experiment included: 1) treatment with 24 cm of feed bunk space and forage with fine particle size (24/fin), 2) treatment with 24 cm of feed bunk space and forage with coarse particle size (24/coarse), 3) treatment with 48 cm of feed bunk space and forage with fine particle size (48/fin), 4) treatment with 48 cm of feed bunk space and forage with coarse particle size (48/coarse). The results showed that the feed intake time was higher during 24 hours for treatments with free bunk space (48 cm) compared to treatments with a limited bunk space (24 cm) (p<0.05). The results showed that in case of access of calves to free bunk space, the feed particle size did not affect the intensity of competition, while in the case of a limited bunk space, the intensity of competition for coarse particle size was greater than that of fine particle size (p<0.05).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Factorial change over design
  • feed behaviors
  • feed bunk space
  • female Holstein calve
  • forage particle size
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