برآورد فراسنجه‌های ژنتیکی و پدیدگانی نسبت چربی به پروتئین شیر گاوهای هلشتاین با استفاده از مدل تابعیت تصادفی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد ژنتیک و اصلاح نژاد دام، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد

2 استادیار ژنتیک و اصلاح نژاد دام ، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد

3 استاد دکتری تغذیۀ دام، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد

4 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد ژنتیک و اصلاح نژاد دام، مرکز اصلاح‌نژاد و بهبود تولیدات دامی

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش کنونی برآورد مؤلفه‌های (کو) واریانس، وراثت‌پذیری، همبستگی‌های ژنتیکی و پدیدگانی (فنوتیپی) بین روز آزمون‌های مختلف صفت نسبت چربی به پروتئین شیر گاوهای هلشتاین در ایران با یک مدل تابعیت تصادفی بود. داده‌های این تحقیق شامل 1302984 رکورد روز آزمون 149440 گاو هلشتاین شکم اول از 307 گله بودند که طی سال­های 1374 تا 1395 خورشیدی زایش داشتند. در مدل تابعیت تصادفی گروه همزمان گله-ماه‌ رکورد‌گیری، سن در زمان زایش و منحنی شیردهی کل دام‌ها به‌عنوان اثر ثابت در نظر گرفته شدند. اثر تصادفی ژنتیک افزایشی و محیطی دائم با چندجمله‌ای متعامد لژاندر با رتبۀ چهارم برازش داده شدند. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد، این صفت تنوع ژنتیکی مطلوبی دارد؛ اما به دلیل پراکنش محیطی زیاد، وراثت­پذیری آن در گامه­های مختلف شیردهی پایین و بین 06/0 تا 08/0 متغیر بود. همبستگی­های ژنتیکی نسبت چربی به پروتئین در مرحله‌های مختلف شیردهی در محدودۀ 99/0- 24/0 برآورد شد. ارتباط ژنتیکی گامۀ اول با دوم زیاد (84/0) بود اما با مرحله‌های دیگر کاهش چشمگیری نشان داد و در محدودۀ 24/0 تا 52/0 قرار گرفت؛ این در حالی است که همبستگی ژنتیکی بین دیگر گامه‌های شیردهی با افزایش فاصله کاهش تدریجی نشان دادند. همبستگی­های پدیدگانی بین گامه­های مختلف شیردهی کمتر از همبستگی­های ژنتیکی برآورد شد و در دامنۀ 25/0-02/0 مشاهده شد. به دلیل تنوع ژنتیکی این صفت، پیشرفت ژنتیکی امکان‌پذیر اما با توجه به وراثت­پذیری پایین نیاز به شمار دختران بیشتری از هر گاو نر برای دستیابی به صحت مناسب پیش‌بینی ارزش­های اصلاحی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters for milk fat to protein ratio of Holstein dairy cattle in Iran using random regression model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Laleh Hakami 1
  • Hossein Mehrban 2
  • Ali Moharrery 3
  • Mohamad bagher Sayyadnejad 4
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
2 Assistant Professor in Genetics and Animal Breeding, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
3 Professor in Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran
4 Former M. Sc. Student, National Animal Breeding Center and Promotion of Animal Products, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this research was to estimate (co) variance components, heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations between different stages of lactation for milk fat to protein ratio (FPR) of Holstein dairy cattle in Iran using a random regression model. The data used included 1302984 test day records of 149440 cows in 307 herds that were calved during the years of 1996 to 2017. Contemporary groups herd-month of recording (herd test day (HTD)), the age at the calving and lactation curve were considered as fixed effects in the model. Additive genetic and permanent environment effects were fitted by the Legendre’s orthogonal polynomial with forth order. The results showed that FPR had an adequate genetic variation, but due to the high environmental variations, the estimates of heritability were low in different stages of lactation and varied from 0.06 to 0.08. Genetic correlations of FPR in different stages of lactation were in the rage of 0.24 to 0.99. The genetic correlations between first and second stage was high (0.84); but its decreased dramatically with other stages and ranged from 0.24 to 0.52. However, the genetic correlation between the other lactation stages was gradual decreased with increasing the interval between them. The phenotypic correlations between lactation stages were lower than the genetic correlation and were observed in the range of 0.02-0.25. Genetic improvement is possible for FPR because of genetic variation; however, more daughters are needed for each sire to achieve appropriate accuracy of breeding values due to low heritability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • genetic parameters
  • milk fat to protein ratio
  • random regression

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 اسفند 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 خرداد 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 تیر 1397

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