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تأثیر رژیم‌های غذایی فیبری در تولک‌بری اجباری بر فعالیت میکروبی و تخمیر دستگاه گوارش و عملکرد مرغان تخم‌گذار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

محقق بخش علوم دامی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قزوین

چکیده

هدف از این آزمایش بررسی تأثیر استفاده از رژیم­های غذایی غیرفیبری و فیبری در مقایسه با روش رایج گرسنگی بر عملکرد و فعالیت میکروبی و تولید تخمیری دستگاه گوارش مرغان تخم‌گذار تولک برده شده بود. بدین منظور از 180 قطعه مرغ تخم‌گذار تجاری (های­لاین 36W) در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با پنج تیمار، شش تکرار و شش پرنده در هر تکرار به مدت دوازده روز استفاده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل: 1- شاهد (تغذیة جیرة تخم‌گذاری)، 2- محروم از خوراک (در حالت گرسنه)، 3- تغذیة جیرة تخم‌گذاری حاوی اکسید روی، 4- تغذیة جیرة تخم‌گذاری در سطح 10 درصد به همراه 90 درصد پودر یونجه و 5- تغذیة جیرة تخم‌گذاری در سطح 10 درصد به همراه 90 درصد کنجالة پالم بودند. تولید پرندگان در دورة پس از تولک، به مدت 12 هفته ثبت شد. نتایج نشان داد،در انتهای دورة تولک جمعیت باکتری‌های لاکتوباسیلوس و اشریشیاکلی محتویات رودة کور (سکوم) به ترتیب در پرنده­های تغذیه‌شده با تیمار حاوی کنجالة پالم و تیمار محروم از خوراک به‌طور معنی­داری بالاتر از دیگر تیمارها بود (05/0P<)؛ همچنین غلظت کل اسیدهای چرب فرار رودة کور در تیمار حاوی پودر یونجه به‌طور معنی­داری بیش از دیگر تیمارهای آزمایشی بود (05/0P<). میانگین تودة تخم‌مرغ تولیدی نیز به‌طور معنی­داری در تیمارهای تغذیه­ای بالاتر از گروه شاهد و گرسنه بود (05/0P<). نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از این آزمایش نشان داد، جیره­های غذایی حاوی فیبر در مقایسه با رژیم غیر فیبری و رژیم گرسنگی سبب افزایش جمعیت باکتری­های سودمند و تولیدهای تخمیری رودة کور گشته و تأثیر مطلوبی بر تولید پس از تولک داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of fiber-rich molting diets on performance, gastro intestinal fermentation and microbial activity of laying hens

نویسنده [English]

  • Ehsan Shahrami
Researcher, Department of Animal Sciences, Qazvin Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Qazvin-Iran
چکیده [English]

The objective of this experiment was to studythe effects of fiber-rich molting diets as alternative to the conventional feed withdrawal method, on performance, gastro intestinal fermentation and microbial activity of laying hens. One hundred eighty Hy-line (W36) laying hens were used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 6 replicates by 12 birds in each replication during 12 days. Treatments were: 1- control group (hens fed with a layer diet), 2- feed withdrawal group, 3- laying hen diet containing 20000 mg zinc oxide/kg, 4- laying hen diet diluted by adding 90% alfalfa meal, 5- laying hen diet diluted by adding 90% palm kernel meal. Egg production of hen was monitored for 12 weeks during post molting period. Results show that lactobacilli and Escherichia coli bacteria population was significantly greater (P<0.05) in cecal contents of hens fed by palm kernel meal and withdrawal hens respectively than other treatments in the end of molting period. Also cecal total volatile fatty acids concentration was greater in hens fed by alfalfa than other treatments (P<0.05). The means of egg mass in fed treatments was generally higher than feed withdrawal and control treatments (P<0.05). The results suggest that fiber-rich diets compared to non-fiber diets and feed withdrawal lead to an increase in populations of useful bacteria and fermentation products and improvement of post molting production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Escherichia coli
  • lactobacillus
  • laying hens
  • molting
  • volatile fatty acids

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 بهمن 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 فروردین 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 فروردین 1396

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