تأثیر سطوح مختلف پروتئین خام در دوره پابه‌ماه کوتاه‌شده بر سلامت و تولید شیر گاوهای هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، تغذیة دام، دانشگاه زنجان

2 دانش‌آموختة کارشناسی ارشد تغذیة دام، دانشگاه زنجان

3 دانشجوی دکتری تغذیة دام، دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

این پژوهش برای ارزیابی تأثیر سطح پروتئین خام (CP) بر مادة خشک مصرفی (DMI) پیش از زایش، توان تولیدی و سلامت گاوهای تازه‌زا انجام شد. بیست رأس گاو هلشتاین چند بار زایش به‌طور تصادفی به دو تیمار اختصاص یافتند. تیمار 1 شامل: 13 درصد پروتئین خام (تیمار شاهد) و تیمار 2 شامل 16 درصد پروتئین خام بود. جیره‌ها ازلحاظ انرژی خالص شیردهی یکسان بودند و برای افزایش سطوح CP در جیره­ها از منابع عبوری استفاده شد. خوراک مصرفی پیش از زایش برای تیمار آزمایشی به‌طور معنی­داری بالاتر از تیمار شاهد بود (05/0P<). تولید شیر خام، شیر تصحیح‌شده بر پایة 4 درصد چربی و ترکیبات شیر مانند مقدار چربی و لاکتوز در تیمار آزمایشی بالاتر از تیمار شاهد بود (05/0P<)، اما شمار یاخته‌های پیکری شیر در تیمار آزمایشی نسبت به شاهد گرایش به کاهش داشت (06/0=P). در دورة پس از زایش، نیتروژن اوره‌ای خون به‌طور معنی­داری در تیمار آزمایشی افزایش‌ یافت. غلظت بتا- هیدروکسی بوتیرات و درصد بروز کتوزیس تحت درمانگاهی به‌طور معنی‌داری در تیمار آزمایشی نسبت به تیمار شاهد کاهش‌ یافت (0001/0P<). غلظت فسفر سرم نیز در تیمار آزمایشی به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت (05/0P<). درصد بروز کمی فسفات خون (هیپوفسفاتمی) و کمی منیزیم خون (هیپومنیزیمی) در تیمار آزمایشی در مقایسه با شاهد افزایش معنی‌داری داشت (05/0P<). تغییرات امتیاز وضعیت بدنی تفاوت معنی‌داری بین تیمارها نداشت. درمجموع، نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که افزایش پروتئین خام با منابع عبوری در دورة پابه‌ماه کوتاه‌شدة DMI پیش از زایش و تولید شیر پس از زایش را افزایش و درصد بروز کتوزیس را کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of crude protein levels in the shortened close-up period on health and milk production of Holstein cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Amanlou 1
  • Zahra Hosseini Firoozkoohi 2
  • Tahere Amirabadi Farahani 3
  • Najme Eslamian Farsouni 3
1 Professor, Department of Animal Science, University of Zanjan, Iran
2 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, University of Zanjan, Iran
3 Ph.D. Student of Ruminant Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, University of Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of crud protein (CP) level on dry matter intake in prepartum period, productive performance and health of fresh cows. Twenty multiparous Holstein cows were assigned randomly to one of two dietary treatments. Dietary treatments were treatment 1, 13% CP of DM (control), and treatment 2, 16% CP of DM. Diets were similar in lactation net energy and rumen degradable protein and CP levels increased with RUP supplements. All cows had 50 days of far-off, and 10 days of close-up periods. Prepartum dry matter intake in treatment 2 was significantly greater than in control treatment (P>0.05). Milk production, fat corrected milk, and milk fat and lactose yields in treatment 2 were significantly higher than in control treatment (P>0.05). Changes in body condition score (BCS) were not significantly affected by treatments. Although blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was significantly higher in treatment 2, but β- hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and phosphorus concentrations were significantly decreased in treatment 2 compared to control treatment. The incidence of metabolic disorders, such as hypophosphatemia, and hypomagnesemia were significantly greater in treatment 2 compared to control treatment. Overall, results of this study showed that increasing crude protein through RUP sources in a shortened close-up period increased prepartum DMI, milk production after calving, and reduced incidence of ketosis in Holstein fresh cows.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • crude protein
  • holstein cow health
  • shortened close-up period

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 بهمن 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 آبان 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 دی 1394

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