بررسی برون‌تنی گوارش‌پذیری، تخمیر و فعالیت آنزیمی قارچ‌های بی‌هوازی شکمبه شترهای تک کوهانه تغذیه‌شده با علوفه‌های زراعی و مرتعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تغذیۀ دام، گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین، خوزستان

2 استادیار گروه علوم دامی،دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین، خوزستان

3 استادیارگروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین، خوزستان

4 دانشیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین، خوزستان

چکیده

هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی ویژگی­های تخمیر و فعالیت آنزیم­های تجزیه‌کنندۀ الیاف توسط قارچ­های بی‌هوازی شکمبۀ شترهای تک کوهانۀ تغذیه‌شده با علوفه­های زراعی و ­­مرتعی بود. ازاین‌رو با استفاده از محیط کشت اختصاصی، مایۀ تلقیح قارچ­های بی‌هوازی شکمبه تهیه و گوارش‌پذیری، فعالیت آنزیمی و تولید گاز قارچ­های شکمبه بر پایۀ یک آزمایش فاکتوریل 2×2 تعیین شد. نتایج نشان داد که قابلیت (پتانسیل) تولید گاز در تیمارهای حاوی بسترة (سوبسترای) آتریپلکس بیشتر بود ولی نرخ تولید گاز در تیمارهای دارای کاه گندم بیشتر بود. همچنین کل گاز تولیدی نیز در تیمار دارای مایع شکمبۀ تغذیه‌شده با علوفۀ مرتع و بسترة آتریپلکس (71/50 میلی‌لیتر) بیشترین بود (01/0P≤). نیتروژن آمونیاکی محیط کشت­ها در ساعت‌های مختلف آزمایش تحت تأثیر نوع تغذیۀ دام­ها و نوع بستره قرار گرفت (01/0P≤). نتایج نشان داد که گوارش‌پذیری مادۀ آلی تحت تأثیر نوع مایع شکمبه قرار نگرفت اما با تغییر بستره به‌طور معنی‌داری در آتریپلکس کاهش یافت. همچنین گوارش‌پذیری مادۀ خشک و دیوارۀ یاخته‌ای در تیمارهای دارای آتریپلکس در پایان آزمایش رو به افزایش بود. فعالیت اندوگلوکاناز و اگزوگلوکاناز قارچ­های شکمبه در ساعت‌های پایانی آزمایش در مایع شکمبۀ تغذیه‌شده با علوفۀ مرتع و بسترة آتریپلکس بیشترین افزایش را داشت (01/0P≤). به نظر می­رسد برای سنجش شرایط تخمیر علوفه­های شورزی در محیط آزمایشگاه، بهتر باشد از مایع شکمبه­ای استفاده شود که با بستره سازگاری داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of in vitro digestibility, fermentation and enzyme activity of rumen anaerobic fungi of dromedary camels fed by cultivated and pasture forages

نویسندگان [English]

  • Poorya Dadvar 1
  • Tahereh Mohammadabadi 2
  • Mohsen Sari 3
  • Jamal Fayazi 4
1 Ph.D Student of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan, Khouzestan, Iran
2 Assistant Professors, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan, Khouzestan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan, Khouzestan, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan, Khouzestan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the fermentation characteristics and cellulolytic enzymes activities of dromedary camels rumen anaerobic fungi in fed with cultivated and pasture forages. Hence, the inoculant of rumen anaerobic fungi was prepared by using specific medium and the gas production, digestibility and enzyme activity of rumen fungi were determined on the basis of a 2 × 2 factorial design. The results showed that gas production potential was higher in treatments containing atriplex substrate, but the rate of gas production was higher in wheat straw treatments. Also the total gas production (50.71 ml) in treatment with rumen fluid of camel fed pasture forage and atriplex substrate was the highest (P≤0.01). The medium\'s ammonia nitrogen at different times of incubation was affected by the type of feed and substrate (P≤0.01). The results showed that the organic matter digestibility was not affected by the type of feed but was decreased in atriplex treatments by changing substrate. Also digestibility of DM and NDF in atriplex treatment showed increasing trend at the end of experiment. Endo and exoglucanas activity of rumen fungus in treatment with rumen fluid of camel fed with pasture forage and atriplex substrate had the highest increase (P≤0.01) in the final hours of incubation. It seems that for in vitro evaluating fermentation of halophilic forages, it is better to use a rumen fluid accordance with substrate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gas production
  • NDF and Atriplex
  • OM digestibility
  • Rumen fungi

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 آبان 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 شهریور 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 آذر 1394

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