اثر کربوهیدرات غیر نشاسته‌ای جیره‌های مختلف مکمل شده با آنزیم بر عملکرد، فعالیت آنزیمی، ریخت شناسی بافت روده و بیان ژن‌های انتقال دهنده مواد مغذی و تولید موسین در روده باریک جوجه‌های گوشتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، مؤسسۀ تحقیقات علوم دامی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش جهاد کشاورزی استان قم، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران و دانشجوی سابق دکتری، دانشگاه شهرکرد

3 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر کربوهیدرات غیرنشاسته‌ای جیره‌های مختلف مکمل‌شده با آنزیم یا بدون آن بر عملکرد و ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیک جوجۀ گوشتی آزمایشی در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با پنج تیمار در پنج تکرار (شمار 25 قطعه در هر تکرار) با شمار 625  قطعه جوجۀ یک‌روزۀ مخلوط رأس 308 در دو مقطع 1 تا 21 روزگی و 22 تا 42 روزگی اجرا شد. تیمارها به ترتیب شامل شاهد، گندم، گندم با آنزیم، جو و جو با آنزیم بودند. بر پایۀ نتایج به‌دست‌آمده مشخص شد تأثیر جیره‌های مختلف بر صفت خوراک مصرفی روزانه، افزایش وزن روزانه و ضریب تبدیل خوراک جوجه‌ها در کل دورۀ پرورش معنی‌دار و جیره‌های مکمل‌شده با آنزیم، میانگین‌های بهتری نسبت به جیره‌های بدون آنزیم داشتند (01/0 p<). تغییر اندازۀ پرزهای روده در هر سه قسمت روده وجود داشت و جیره‌های گندم و جو بدون آنزیم باعث کاهش ارتفاع پرز، افزایش ضخامت و عمق کریپت شدند (01/0 p<). همچنین آن‌ها باعث افزایش فعالیت آنزیمی لوزالمعده و غلظت آنزیمی سرم شدند (01/0 p<)، اما مکمل‌سازی جیره‌ها با آنزیم باعث جبران این آسیب‌ها شد (01/0 p<). تغییر بیان ژن‌های انتقال‌دهندۀ مواد مغذی و تولید موسین برای جیره‌های آزمایشی در رودۀ باریک معنی‌دار بود (01/0 p<). گندم و جو بدون آنزیم بیشترین بیان ژن‌ انتقال مواد مغذی و تولید موسین را داشتند اما مکمل‌سازی با آنزیم باعث کاهش این مقادیر شد (01/0 p<). در کل استفاده از جیره‌های با کربوهیدرات غیرنشاسته‌ای مختلف بدون آنزیم باعث آسیب به عملکرد و صفات فیزیولوژیک جوجه‌ها ‌شد، ولی مکمل‌سازی با آنزیم اثرگذاری منفی ایجادشده را خنثی کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different dietary enzyme supplemented non-starch polysaccharides on growth performance, villus morphology, enzyme activity and gene expression of nutrient transporters and mucin producer in the small intestine of broiler chickens

نویسندگان [English]

  • Akbar Yaghobfar 1
  • Majid Kalantar 2
  • Faroborz Khajeali 3
1 Professor, Animal Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Animal Science Department of Agricultural Research Center of Qom, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization. Tehran, Iran, and former PhD Student of Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
3 Professor, Animal Science Department of Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
چکیده [English]

 

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different dietary enzyme supplemented non-starch polysaccharides on growth and physiological traits of broilers. 625 one day old Ross-308 broiler chickens were allocated randomly to 5 treatments with 5 replicates using a CRD statistical design through 1 to 21 and 22 to 42 days of rearing period. Treatments were included control, wheat, wheat + enzyme, barley and barley + enzyme. According to the results, effect of various diets with different source of NSP on growth traits was significant and wheat or barley diets supplemented with enzymes had higher means than those without enzymes (p<0.01). Effect of various diets with different source of NSP supplemented with or without enzymes on villus morphology was significant (p<0.01). Wheat and barley without enzymes resulted in reducing villus height, adversely increasing villus width and crypt depth in three parts of intestine, but supplementation with enzymes restored the adverse effects (p<0.01). Wheat and barley without enzymes resulted in higher pancreatic enzyme activity and serum enzyme levels (p<0.01). Also these two diets resulted in higher gene expression for nutrient transporters and mucin producer in the intestine but supplementation with enzymes restored the situation (p<0.01). As a final result using of different source of non-starch polysaccharides without enzymes in this experiment resulted in destruction of broiler growth and physiological traits but supplementation with enzymes restored the undesirable effects.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Broilers
  • Enzyme activity
  • gene expression
  • non-starch carbohydrate
  • villus morphology

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 دی 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 تیر 1395

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