تحلیل فنوتیپی رخداد سقط در گاوهای هلشتاین ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

3 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

این پژوهش به­ منظور بررسی میزان رخداد سقط با توجه به تعریف‌های مختلف و تأثیر اقلیم و اندازۀ گله روی این عارضه و همچنین برآورد روند فنوتیپی آن صورت پذیرفت. در این بررسی از 255781 رکورد زایش مربوط به 88502 رأس گاو که از 16 گلۀ شیری گردآوری­شده در بازة زمانی سال­های 1383 تا 1393، استفاده شد. میزان رخداد سقط و عامل‌های مؤثر بر آن به ترتیب با رویه­های FREQ و  GENMODنرم­افزار  SASتحلیل شدند. با توجه به تعریف سقط به­صورت مرگ و دفع جنین بین روزهای 260-60، 260-100 و یا 260-150 آبستنی، میانگین رخداد آن به ترتیب 5/15، 3/11 و 6/6 درصد برآورد شد. اندازۀ گله، نوع اقلیم، سال فصل و نوبت زایش و همچنین اثر متقابل سال × فصل زایش و نوع اقلیم × سال زایش اثر معنی­داری (001/0 > P) بر میزان رخداد سقط داشتند. بیشترین فراوانی رخداد سقط در گاوهای نوبت زایش دوم (7/28 درصد) مشاهده شد. میزان رخداد سقط در اقلیم معتدل بیشتر از اقلیم سرد بود (0/16 در برابر 5/14 درصد). همچنین گله­های با بیشتر از سه هزار مولد در مقایسه با کمتر از هزار رأس، نزدیک به 1 درصد، رخداد سقط بیشتری داشتند. میانگین رخداد سقط در فصل بهار بالاترین و در پاییز کمترین (8/17 در برابر 5/13 درصد) بود. همچنین با توجه به تابعیت میانگین حداقل مربعات بر سال زایش، رخداد سقط روند فنوتیپی مثبت و معنی­داری (004/0 > P) به میزان 4/0 درصد در سال داشت. نتایج این بررسی می­تواند در تجزیه‌وتحلیل راهکارهای مدیریتی در کنترل رخداد سقط سودمند باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Phenotypic analysis of abortion incidence in Iranian Holstein cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamideh Keshavarzi 1
  • Ali Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi 2
  • Gholamreza Ghorbani 3
  • Rasoul Kowsar 2
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran
2 Assistant Professors, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was performed to investigate the incidence of abortion based on different definitions and, the effect of climate and herd size on abortion as well as its phenotypic trend. Using calving records collected from 16 dairy herds from years 2004 through 2014. Incidence rate and analysis of affecting factors on abortion were done using the FREQ and GENMOD procedures of SAS software, respectively. According to the definition of abortion as death and expulsion of fetus between 60-260 d, 100-260 d or 150-260 d of pregnancy, overall abortion incidence was 15.5%, 11.25% and 6.6%, respectively. Herd size, climate, parity, year and season of calving as well as the interaction of calving year × season and climate × calving year were associated with abortion (P < 0.001). Greatest abortion incidence was observed for second parity cows (28.7%). The highest and lowest rates of abortion (16.0 vs. 14.5%) happened in the mild and cold climate, respectively. Also, the larger herds, with more than 3000 cows, had almost 1% higher abortion incidence than smaller herds, with less than 1000 cows. The average rate of abortion incidence was highest in the spring and lowest in the autumn (17.8 vs. 13.5 %). According to the regression of least squares means on calving year, abortion incidence showed a positive and significant trend (P < 0.003) by 0.4 per year. The results of this study can be used in the analysis of management practices to control abortion.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • abortion
  • Climate
  • Dairy Cows
  • phenotypic trend

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 آذر 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 02 اسفند 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 تیر 1395

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