تأثیر شاخص دما- رطوبت در دو فصل تابستان و زمستان بر عملکرد برخی از ویژگی‌های تولیدمثلی گاوهای شیردۀ پرتولید

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

3 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

4 دانشجوی دکترای، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش بررسی فراسنجه‌های مرتبط با عملکرد تولیدمثلی و تغییرپذیری غلظت پروژسترون خون گاوهای شیردۀ پرتولید (2 ±39 کیلوگرم در روز) پس از تلقیح مصنوعی، در دو فصل تابستان و زمستان بود. برای این منظور 270 رأس گاوشیری هلشتاین در سه گاوداری بزرگ انتخاب شدند. خون­گیری از گاوها در روز تلقیح مصنوعی و به فاصلۀ هفت، ده و چهارده روز پس از تلقیح مصنوعی انجام شد. شاخص دما- رطوبت بر پایۀ یکی از شاخص‌های استاندارد پیشنهادی محاسبه شد (Dikmen & Hansen, 2009). نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین شاخص دما-رطوبت (THI) در فصل تابستان و زمستان به ترتیب 35/77 و 47/57 بود. نرخ آبستنی در گاوهای تلقیح‌شده در فصل زمستان به‌طور معنی­داری (01/0>P) بیشتر از گاوهای تلقیح‌شده در فصل تابستان بود و اثر شکم زایش بر نرخ آبستنی در هر دو فصل معنی­دار (01/0>P) شد. روزهای باز (18/101 در مقابل 70/165) و شمار تلقیح به ازای هر آبستنی (05/2 در مقابل 48/3) در گاوهای تلقیح‌شده در زمستان نسبت به گاوهای تلقیح‌شده در تابستان به‌طور معنی­داری کمتر (01/0>P) بود. غلظت پروژسترون سرم خون گاوهای تلقیح‌شده در فصل زمستان، در روز چهاردهم پس از تلقیح به‌طور معنی­داری (01/0> P) بیشتر از گاوهای تلقیح‌شده در فصل تابستان بود. نتیجه گرفته شد که تنش گرمایی تابستان در منطقۀ مرکزی ایران عملکرد تولیدمثلی گاوهای شیرده را به‌طور معنی­داری تحت تأثیر قرار می­دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of summer and winter temperature–humidity index on performance of some reproductive traits of high producing dairy cows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Dashti 1
  • Ahmad Riasi 2
  • Mohammad Ali Edris 3
  • Golam-Reza Gohrbani 3
  • Hossein Omidi-Mirzaei 4
1 M. Sc. Graduate, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156–83111, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156–83111, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156–83111, Iran
4 Ph.D. Student of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to consider reproductive performance parameters and blood progesterone concentration changes in high-producing dairy cows (39±2 kg per day) after artificial insemination, in summer and winter. 270 heads of Holstein dairy cattle were choose in three big dairy farms, and blood samples were collected at days seven, ten and fourteen after artificial insemination. Temperature-humidity index was calculated according to one proposed formula (Dikmen and Hansen, 2009). The results showed that the maximum temperature–humidity index(THI) was 77.35 and 57.47 in summer and winter respectively. Pregnancy rates in cows inseminated during the winter months was significantly higher (p<0.01) than cows inseminated during the summer, and the effects of lactation on conception rate was significant in both seasons (p<0.01). Open days (101.18 vs. 165.07) and number of services per conception (2.05 vs. 3/48) in the winter were significantly lower than cows inseminated during the summer (p<0.01). In day 14 after insemination, blood serum progesterone concentration in cows inseminated in the winter was significantly higher (p<0.01) than summer. Results of this study showed that summer heat stress has significantly affects reproductive performance of dairy cows in central of Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lactating dairy cow
  • progesterone
  • reproductive performance
  • Season
  • THI

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 مرداد 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 فروردین 1395

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