اثر اسپرس به‌عنوان منبع تانن و نسبت علوفه به کنسانتره بر قابلیت هضم، تخمیر شکمبه، تولید و ترکیب شیرمیش‌های شیرده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تغذیۀ دام، گروه علوم دامی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، ملاثانی، اهواز، خوزستان

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، ملاثانی، اهواز، خوزستان

3 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، ملاثانی، اهواز، خوزستان

4 استادیار، بخش تغذیۀ دام، مؤسسۀ علوم دامی کشور، کرج

چکیده

آزمایش با هدف بررسی اثر علوفۀ اسپرس به‌عنوان یک منبع تانن و نیز نسبت علوفه به کنسانتره بر مصرف و قابلیت هضم، خصوصیات تخمیر شکمبه‌ای، فراسنجه‌های خونی، مقدار تولید و ترکیبات شیر میش‌های شیرده انجام گرفت. بدین منظور از 8 رأس میش شیرده نژاد لری بر اساس آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح مربع لاتین 4×4 تکرارشونده استفاده شد. تیمارها با دو سطح کنسانتره و دو سطح نوع علوفۀ مصرفی شامل چهار جیرۀ به صورت‌کامل مخلوط با نسبت‌های علوفه به کنسانترۀ 65:35 (پرکنسانترۀ بدون اسپرس)، 35:65 (کم‌کنسانترۀ بدون اسپرس)، 65:35 (پرکنسانترۀ با اسپرس) و 35:65 (کم‌کنسانترۀ با اسپرس) فرموله و تهیه‌ شد. مقدار کل ترکیبات فنولی، تانن کل و تانن متراکم تیمارهای آزمایشی معنادار بود (05/0P<). نتایج نشان داد قابلیت هضم مادۀ خشک و مادۀ ‌آلی در تیمار پرکنسانترۀ با اسپرس در مقایسه با بقیۀ تیمارها بیشتر بود (05/0P<). مقادیر pH و نیتروژن آمونیاکی شکمبه در تیمارهای پرکنسانترۀ با اسپرس و بدون اسپرس در مقایسه با تیمار کم‌کنسانترۀ بدون اسپرس کمتر بود. اثر سطح کنسانتره بر مقدار کل اسیدهای چرب فرار شکمبه‌ای معنا‌دار شد (05/0P<). بر این اساس نسبت استات به پروپیونات در تیمارهای پرکنسانترۀ با اسپرس و بدون اسپرس کمترین مقدار را داشت. نتایج نشان‌ داد تولید شیر در تیمارهای‌ پرکنسانترۀ با و بدون اسپرس بیشتر از سایر تیمارها بود. اثر سطح کنسانتره بر چربی، لاکتوز، مواد جامد بدون چربی و پروتئین شیر معنا‌دار بود (05/0P<). درمجموع، اضافه‌کردن اسپرس به‌عنوان یک منبع تانن به جیرۀ پرکنسانتره (65 درصد) موجب افزایش قابلیت هضم مادۀ آلی و الیاف، افزایش پروپیونات جیره و در نتیجه افزایش تولید شیر و پروتئین آن می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of sainfoin as tannin source and forage: concentrate ratio on Digestibility, ruminal fermentation and milk yield and composition in milking ewes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behrouz Yarahmadi 1
  • Morteza Chaji 2
  • Mohammad Boujarpour 3
  • Khalil Mirzadeh 3
  • Morteza Rezaei 4
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Food Science, Ramin (Khuzestan) Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Food Science, Ramin (Khuzestan) Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Food Science, Ramin (Khuzestan) Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Ahvaz, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Nutrition, Animal Sciences Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

This experiment was carried out to study the effects of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) as tannin source and different level of forage: concentrate ratio on digestibility, blood parameters, ruminal fermentation, milk yield and milk composition in milking ewes. Therefore, eight Lori milking ewes were alocated to factorial experiment base on the 4×4 replicated Latin square design. Four total mixed ration diets were formulated with two level of concentrate and two level of intake forage which consisted of forage: concentrate ratios of 35:65 high concentrate without sainfoin (HC), 65:35 low concentrate without sainfoin (LC), 35:65 high concentrate with sainfoin (HCS) and 65:35 low concentrate with sainfoin (LCS). Total phenols, total and condensed tannin among treatments were significantly different (P<0.05). Digestibility of DM and OM in the HCS treatment were higher compared to the other treatments (P<0.05). The ruminal pH and NH3-N values in HCS and HC diets were lower than those fed HC diet. The concentration of ruminal VFAs in ewes received low concentrate diet were higher (P<0.05). The acetate to propionate ratio was lower in HC and HCS treatments. The results showed milk yield in HC and HCS treatments was greater than other treatments (P<0.05). Level of concentrate effect were significant on milk fat, lactose, SNF and protein (P<0.05). In total, adding to sainfoin as a tannins source to diet with high concentrate ratio (65%) increased organic matter and fiber digestibility, and also increased ruminal propionate and finally, increased milk yield and protein.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • milk yield and composition
  • sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia)
  • tannin
  • forage to concentrate ratio
  • Ruminal fermentation

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 تیر 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 آبان 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 آبان 1394

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