تأثیر سه نوع برگ گیاه اکالیپتوس بر تخمیرشکمبه‌ای، جمعیت پروتوزوآیی و تولید گاز متان به روش برون‌تنی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموختة دکتری، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 دانشیار، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

در این مطالعه تأثیر سه سطح برگ اکالیپتوس (0، 65/28 و 31/57 میلی‌گرم) که به سه روش هوا، آون و برودت-خشک، خشک شده بودند، بر خصوصیات تخمیر شکمبة گوسفند به روش برون‌تنی و آزمون گاز بررسی شد. مقادیر گاز کل تولیدی و متان تولیدی، نیتروژن آمونیاکی، تجزیه‌پذیری آزمایشگاهی مادة آلی، شاخص بازده سنتز پروتئین میکروبی (PF) (میلی‌گرم مادة آلی تجزیه‌شده بخش بر میلی‌لیتر گاز تولیدی) و غلظت اسیدهای چرب فرار فراسنجه‌هایی بود که مطالعه شد. همچنین سه زیرخانوادة Entodiniinae، Ophryscolecinae، Diplodiniinae و یک خانوادة Isotrichdae و جمعیت پروتوزوآیی کل شناسایی و شمارش شدند. برگ اکالیپتوس تهیه شده به روش‌های هوا - خشک (خطی 01/0>P) و برودت-خشک (غیرخطی 01/0>P) مقدار اسیدهای چرب فرار کل را کاهش داند. اما، تنها روش آون-خشک، اسید پروپیونیک را افزایش (خطی 05/0>P) داد. افزودن برگ اکالیپتوس، فراسنجه‌های گاز تولیدی از بخش نامحلول (01/0>P، خطی)، گاز تولیدی در زمان‌های 24 و 54 ساعت (01/0>P، خطی و غیرخطی)، گاز متانتولیدی (05/0>P، خطی)، نیتروژن آمونیاکی (01/0>P، خطی) و اسیدهای چرب فرار کل را کاهش (01/0>P، خطی) داد. اما شاخص PF‌ تنها درسطح 31/57 برگ اکالیپتوس بهبود یافت (01/0>P، خطی). همچنین، این گیاه دارای فعالیت ضد پروتوزوآیی بوده و سبب کاهش جمعیت پروتوزوآیی کل، زیر خانوادة Entodiniinae (01/0>P، خطی) و خانوادة Isotrichdae (01/0>P، خطی) شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که برگ اکالیپتوس توانایی بهبود تخمیر شکمبه‌ای در شرایط برون‌تنی را دارد و روش آون- خشک مؤثرتر از دو روش دیگر بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The influence of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves on in vitro ruminal fermentation, protozoa population and methane production

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ebrahim Noorian Soroor 1
  • Yousef Roozbehan 2
1 Ph. D. Graduated, Agriculture College, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
2 Associate Professor, Agriculture College, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
چکیده [English]

The effect of three levels of eucalyptus leaf (0, 28.65 or 57.37mg/200mg substrate), which were either oven, freeze or air dried on in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics was assessed. The studied parameters were in vitro gas production (IVGP), methane production, ammonia (NH3-N) concentration, in vitro organic matter degradability, partitioning factor (PF) (ratio of substrate truly degraded to gas volume produced at 24 h of incubation) and total volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentration. Three subfamily of Entodiniinae, Ophryscolecinae, Diplodiniinae and family of Isotrichdaewere, also, identified and enumerated. Methods of air (L effect; P<0.01) and freeze drying (Q effect; P<0.05) have decreased the concentration of VFAs. However, oven drying method has increased propionic acid concentration (L effect; P<0.01). Adding eucalyptus leaf has significantly decreased gas production from insoluble fraction (b) (L effect; P<0.01), IVGP at 24, 54 h (L and Q effect; P<0.01), methane production (L effect; P<0.05), NH3-N concentration (L effect; P<0.01) and total VFAs (L effect; P<0.01). However, such additive has improved PF (L effect; P<0.01) only at 57.31 level. Moreover, the inclusion of eucalyptus has significantly decreased total protozoa population (P<0.01), Entoodiniinae subfamily (P<0.01) and Isotrichdae family (P<0.05). The results suggest that eucalyptus leaves has positively manipulated in vitro ruminal fermentation, and oven dried method was more effective than two other methods.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Eucalyptus camaldulensis
  • gas test
  • methane
  • Ammonia nitrogen
  • Ruminal fermentation
  • sheep

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 17 اردیبهشت 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 مرداد 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 آذر 1393

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