علوم دامی ایران

علوم دامی ایران

تأثیر آلفا لیپوئیک اسید و منابع مختلف سلنیوم بر عملکرد رشد، ویژگی‌های لاشه، ریخت شناسی روده و جمعیت میکروبی جوجه‌های گوشتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قائم‌شهر ، قائم‌شهر، ایران
چکیده
این تحقیق به منظور تأثیر منابع مختلف سلنیوم (معدنی، آلی و نانو) و سطوح آلفا لیپوئیک اسید بر عملکرد رشد، ویژگی‌های لاشه، ریخت‌شناسی ژژنوم و جمعیت میکروبی روده جوجه‌های گوشتی انجام شد. در این آزمایش، تعداد 450 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر سویه راس 308 در 6 تیمار و 5 تکرار استفاده شد. جیره‌های آزمایشی در قالب یک طرح کاملا تصادفی و با آرایش فاکتوریل2×3 شامل استفاده از دو سطح آلفالیپوئیک اسید در جیره (صفر و 300 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم) و سه نوع منبع سلنیوم جیره شامل منبع معدنی (سلنیت سدیم)، منبع آلی (سلنو‌متیونین) و منبع نانو (نانو سلنیوم) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که جوجه‌های تغذیه شده با سلنیوم آلی و نانو ضریب تبدیل غذایی بهتری نسبت به سلنیوم معدنی داشتند (P<0.05). همچنین، مصرف 300 میلی‌گرم آلفا لیپوئیک اسید موجب افزایش معنی‌دار وزن و بهبود ضریب تبدیل غذایی در جوجه‌ها شد (P<0.05). استفاده از نانو سلنیوم در مقایسه با سلنیوم معدنی سبب افزایش درصد لاشه، ران، بورس و طحال شد (P<0.05). از طرفی، بیشترین وزن نسبی طحال در گروه ترکیبی نانو سلنیوم به همراه آلفا لیپوئیک مشاهده شد (P<0.05). در ریخت‌شناسی ژژنوم، مصرف آلفا لیپوئیک اسید و استفاده از سلنیوم نانو به طور معنی‌داری طول و مساحت پرزهای ژژنوم را افزایش دادند (P<0.05). نتایج جمعیت میکروبی نشان داد که افزودن آلفا لیپوئیک اسید به جیره موجب افزایش جمعیت لاکتوباسیلوس در روده کور جوجه‌ها شد (P<0.05). بنابراین می‌توان نتیجه‌گیری کرد که استفاده از سلنیوم آلی و نانو و نیز آلفا لیپوئیک اسید سبب بهبود عملکرد رشد و سلامت روده جوجه‌های گوشتی شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The effects of alpha lipoic acid and different sources of selenium on growth performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal morphology and microbial population of broiler chickens

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Vali Mansour Kiaei
Vahid Rezaeipour
Sakineh Asadzadeh
Rohullah Abdullahpour
Mehdi Chobchian
Department of Animal Science, QaS.C., Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
چکیده English

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different selenium sources (inorganic, organic, and nano) and levels of alpha-lipoic acid on growth performance, carcass characteristics, jejunum morphology, and intestinal microbial population of broiler chickens. Four hundred and fifty Ross 308-male broiler chicks were used in 6 treatments with 5 replicates each. The experimental diets were arranged in a completely randomized design with a 2×3 factorial arrangement, including two levels of alpha-lipoic acid in the diet (0 and 300 mg/kg) and three selenium sources: inorganic (sodium selenite), organic (selenomethionine), and nano (nano-selenium). Results showed that chicks fed organic and nano selenium had better feed conversion ratios compared to those fed inorganic selenium (p<0.05). Additionally, supplementation with 300 mg/kg alpha-lipoic acid significantly increased body weight and improved feed conversion ratio in broilers (p<0.05). Addition of nano selenium increased the relative weights of carcass, thigh, bursa and spleen compared with inorganic selenium (P<0.05). Furthermore, the highest weight of spleen was observed in group with combination of nano selenium and alpha-lipoic acid (p<0.05). Morphology of jejunum, consumption of alpha-lipoic acid and nano selenium significantly increased the length and surface area of jejunal villi (p<0.05). The results of microbial population indicated that adding alpha-lipoic acid to the diet increased Lactobacillus population in cecum (p<0.05). Therefore, it is concluded that the use of organic or nano selenium along with alpha-lipoic acid can improve growth performance and gut health in broiler chickens.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

alpha-lipoic acid
broiler chickens
carcass
growth
selenium

Extended Abstract

Introduction

    In the poultry industry, broiler chickens are exposed to various stress factors due to their rapid growth and high metabolic pressures, which can lead to reduced growth performance. Therefore, the use of antioxidant compounds in the diet of broiler chickens can be an effective strategy to improve health status, reduce the effects of stress, and enhance their growth performance. Selenium is an essential mineral for normal growth, health, and the mitigation of oxidative stress effects in broiler chickens. This mineral is an important component of the glutathione peroxidase enzyme, which protects cells and cell membranes from oxidation. On the other hand, alpha-lipoic acid is a sulfur-containing coenzyme with strong antioxidant properties involved in cellular metabolism and energy production. This molecule acts in the mitochondria as a cofactor for key enzymes in the citric acid cycle and has a unique ability to regenerate various antioxidants such as glutathione, vitamin C, and vitamin E.

 

Materials and methods

For this experiment, 450 male broiler chicks with an average weight of 42 ± 1 grams were used in a completely randomized design in a 2×3 factorial arrangement, including 6 treatments and 5 replicates, with each experimental unit consisting of 15 chicks. The experimental treatments included the combined effects of two factors: three types of selenium sources (inorganic, organic, and nano) and two levels of alpha-lipoic acid inclusion (with and without) in the diet. The alpha-lipoic acid was included in the diets at levels of 0 and 300 mg/kg. The experimental diets were formulated based on the nutritional requirements tables outlined in the Ross 308 Broiler Management Guide (2019).

 

Results

   The results showed that broilers fed diet containing of organic and nano selenium had better feed conversion ratios compared to those fed with selenium. Additionally, supplementation with 300 mg/kg alpha-lipoic acid increased growth performance in the chicks. Selenium sources had a significant effect on the percentage of carcass, thigh, bursa of Fabricius, and spleen. Furthermore, adding alpha-lipoic acid to the diet significantly increased the relative weight of the bursa of Fabricius in broilers. In jejunal morphology, the consumption of alpha-lipoic acid and nano selenium increased the length and surface area of jejunal villi. Microbial population results indicated that adding alpha-lipoic acid to the diet increased the population of Lactobacillus in the cecum of broiler chickens.

 

Conclusions

The overall findings of the present study demonstrated that addition of selenium sources as organic and nano forms improved growth performance of broiler chickens. Additionally, adding alpha-lipoic acid supplement to diets was effective in improving feed efficiency, and microbial population of broiler chickens.

Author Contributions

Vahid Rezaeipour: Conceptualization, Validation, Supervision, Writing, Project administration

 Mohammad Vali Mansour Kiaei: Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation, Original Draft

 Sakineh Asadzadeh: Conceptualization, Validation, Supervision

 Rohullah Abdullahpour: Methodology, Data analysis, Validation, Software

 Mehdi Chobchian: Data analysis, Project administration

Data Availability Statement

All data obtained and analyzed during this experiment are included in this article.

Ethical considerations

Animal handling and experimental procedures were performed according to the guidelines of EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments and animal care protocol was approved by the Department of Animal Science, QaS.C, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran.

Conflict of interests

The authors clarify that they have no conflict of interest in this research.

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دوره 57، شماره 2
تابستان 1405
صفحه 315-331

  • تاریخ دریافت 22 مهر 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 13 آذر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 06 دی 1404