اثر حذف آهن از پیش‌مخلوط معدنی و افزودن تخم‌پنبه به‌عنوان کی‌لیت کننده آهن بر توان تولیدی و وضعیت سلامت گاوهای شیری دوره انتقال و گوساله‌های آن‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 گروه علوم دامی-دانشکده کشاورزی-دانشگاه زنجان-زنجان-ایران

3 گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.

4 گروه علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر حذف آهن از پیش‌مخلوط معدنی پیش از زایش بر توان تولیدی و وضعیت سلامت گاوها بود. تعداد 90 رأس گاو هلشتاین چند بار زایش 21- روز پیش از زایش مورد انتظار وارد آزمایش شده و به­طور تصادفی به 3 تیمار آزمایشی اختصاص یافتند. تیمارها شامل: 1) تیمار شاهد: حاوی مکمل معدنی دارای آهن (جهت تامین آهن مورد نیاز به میزان 15 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم به شکل سولفات آهن؛ 30= n)؛ 2) تیمار بدون آهن: حاوی مکمل معدنی بدون آهن (30= n)؛ 3) تیمار بدون آهن با تخم‌پنبه: حاوی مکمل معدنی بدون آهن و 6/4 درصد تخم‌پنبه (30= n) بودند. حذف آهن از مکمل معدنی با و بدون تخم‌پنبه اثر معنی‌داری بر تولید شیر و درصد و مقدار چربی شیر و هم‌چنین مقدار پروتئین شیر نداشت. شمار سلول­های پیکری (SCC) در تیمارهای شاهد، بدون آهن و بدون آهن با تخم‌پنبه، به‌ترتیب، 48/471، 80/338 و 77/155 (103 در هر میلی‌لیتر) بود که در تیمار بدون آهن افزوده با تخم‌پنبه کاهش معنی‌داری داشت. تغییرات وزن بدن پس از زایش نیز تحت تاثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار گرفت. حذف آهن از مکمل معدنی به همراه تخم‌پنبه سبب کاهش نسبت بروز هیپوکلسیمی شد. وزن تولد مجموع هر دو جنس نر و ماده گوساله‌ها، طول بدن، دور سینه و نسبت روز اسهال تفاوت معنی‌داری بین تیمارها نشان داد. در کل، حذف آهن افزوده شده به همراه تخم‌پنبه سبب کاهش SCC و هم‌چنین بهبود وضعیت سلامت دام و گوساله‌های متولد شده از آن‌ها شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of iron removal from mineral premix and whole cotton seed supplementation as iron chelator on productive performance and health status of Holstein dairy cows during transition period and their calves

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Khalili 1
  • HAMID AMANLOU 2
  • Tahere Amirabadi Farahani 3
  • Najme Eslamian Farsuni 4
1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
4 Department of Animal Sciences, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, Shahrekord, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of removing iron from mineral premix before calving on the productive performance and health status of Holstein dairy cows during transition period. The ninety multiparous Holstein dairy cows entered the experiment -21 days before the expected calving and were randomly assigned to 3 experimental treatments. Treatments included: 1) control treatment: recipient of mineral supplement with iron (to supply iron requirement in the amount of 15 mg/kg; n = 30); 2) treatment without iron: recipient of mineral supplement without iron (n=30); 3) without supplemental iron treatment with cottonseed: recipient of mineral supplement without iron and 4.6% of cottonseed in the diet (n=30). Removing iron from mineral supplements with and without cottonseed had no significant effect on milk production, percentage and amount of milk fat, as well as the amount of milk protein. The somatic cell count (SCC) in the control treatments, without supplemental iron and without supplemental iron with cottonseed, were 471.48, 338.80 and 155.77 (103 per ml), respectively, which significantly decreased in the treatment without supplemental iron with cottonseed. Body weight changes after calving were also affected by experimental treatments. Removing iron from the mineral supplement along with cottonseed reduces the incidence of hypocalcemia. Total birth weight of both male and female calves, body length, hearth girth and days of diarrhea showed a significant difference between the treatments. Overall, the removal of supplemental iron along with cottonseed reduced the SCC and also improved the health status of cows and their calves.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Trace minerals
  • cottonseed
  • body weight
  • somatic cell count
  • metabolic disorder
  • calf diarrhea

Extended Abstract

Introduction

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of removing iron from mineral premix before calving on the productive performance and health status of Holstein dairy cows during transition period.

 

Material and method

The ninety multiparous Holstein dairy cows entered the experiment -21 days before the expected calving and were randomly assigned to 3 experimental treatments. Treatments include; 1) control treatment: recipient of mineral supplement with iron (to supply iron requirement in the amount of 15 mg/kg; n = 30); 2) treatment without iron: recipient of mineral supplement without iron (n=30); 3) without supplemental iron treatment with cottonseed: recipient of mineral supplement without iron and 4.6% of cottonseed in the diet (n=30).

 

Result

 The removal of supplemental iron, with and without cottonseed, resulted in a significant (P< 0.01) increase in serum glucose levels (55.40 vs. 57.17 and 59.80 mg/dL, respectively). Total protein concentration was similar between treatments (P = 0.97), but serum albumin tended to increase in experimental treatments (P = 0.09). The removal of supplemental iron, with and without cottonseed, did not affect serum iron, calcium, and magnesium concentrations (P < 0.05), but caused a significant decrease (P < 0.01) in serum ALT concentrations. Removing iron from mineral supplements with and without cottonseed had no significant effect (P < 0.05) on milk production, percentage and amount of milk fat, as well as the amount of milk protein. However, milk protein percentage tended to decrease by 0.21 and 0.22% in the treatments without supplemental iron and without supplemental iron with cottonseed compared to the control treatment (P = 0.07). The somatic cell count (SCC) in the control treatments, without supplemental iron and without supplemental iron with cottonseed, were 471.48, 338.80 and 155.77 (103 per ml), respectively, which significantly decreased in the treatment without supplemental iron with cottonseed (P = 0.04). Body weight changes after calving were also affected by experimental treatments (P < 0.01). Removing iron from the mineral supplement along with cottonseed reduces the incidence of hypocalcemia (P = 0.01). The control treatment showed a significantly (P = 0.01) 5.00 times higher incidence rate of hyperketonemia than the cottonseed. Total birth weight of both male and female calves, body length and hearth girth showed a significant difference between the treatments (P = 0.01). The withers height was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the treatment without iron added with cottonseed. Also, in calves, 5.09 times more days of diarrhea were observed in the control treatment (P = 0.01) and the treatment without supplemental iron (P = 0.05) compared to cottonseed.

 

Conclusion

    Overall, the removal of supplemental iron along with cottonseed reduced the SCC and also improved the health status of cows and their calves.

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علوم دامی ایران
دوره 55، شماره 2
تیر 1403
صفحه 383-400

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 شهریور 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 مهر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 مهر 1402

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