نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، کردستان، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of oak Acorn on the biodiversity of rumen epimural bacterial population using PCR-SSCP molecular technique in Merkhoz goats. A total of 24 Markhoz goats with a mean BW of 16.93±1.25 kg and an average age of 4–5 months were tested in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 6 replications for 105 days. Experimental treatments included 1) control diet, 2) diet containing 8% oak acorn, 3) diet containing 17% oak acorn and 4) diet containing 25% oak acorn. The results showed that the effect of diet on biodiversity of rumen bacterial epimural community was significant (P <0.001). There was no significant difference between other experimental treatments (P> 0.05), although treatments containing 8% and 17% oak had more variety than treatments containing 25% oak. Sampling site had no effect on biodiversity of rumen bacterial epimural community (P> 0.05). The highest value of Shannon index was related to ventral ruminal site and the lowest was related to reticulum. The interaction effect of diet and sampling position on biodiversity of rumen bacterial epimural community was significant (P> 0.05). The results showed that the use of oak acorn up to 17% in the diet increased the biodiversity of the of rumen bacterial epimural community, while the use of 25% oak in the diet decreased the biodiversity of the rumen bacterial epimural community.
کلیدواژهها [English]
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Oak acorn contains significant amounts of biologically active compounds including tannins. Tannins are plant polyphenolic compounds that affect the rumen microorganism. The effect of tannin depends on the species of microorganism or the source of dietary tannin. Although research has been done on the effect of tannin on the ruminal bacterial population, the impact of dietary oak on the rumen bacterial population needs to be investigated. Evaluation of the effects of different levels of dietary oak acorn on the biodiversity of rumen epimural bacterial population was investigated using PCR-SSCP molecular technique in Markhoz goats.
Materials and Methods
Twenty-four Markhoz goats (mean weight 16.93±1.25, mean age 4 to 5 months) were allocated to four diets in a completely randomized design. The experimental diets were fed for 105 days. Experimental treatments included 1) control diet, 2) diet containing 8% oak acorn, 3) diet containing 17% oak acorn, and 4) diet containing 25% oak acorn. Immediately after slaughtering, rumen- Reticulum was divided into six parts, dorsal, ventral, lateral, Caudal, and pillar, and their tissues were sampled, the samples were washed with saline and collected in sterile containers and kept at -50 degrees centigrade until DNA extraction. To extract DNA from the samples, the phenol-chloroform protocol provided by Tajima et al. (1999) was used.
Results and discution
The results of this experiment show that the use of different levels of oak acorn in the diet of livestock significantly affects the population diversity of rumen microorganisms. The use of oak acorn in comparison with the control diet increased the diversity of rumen bacterial epimural community, but with increasing the level of oak acorn in the diet, the diversity of bacterial population epimural rumen was significantly reduced. The results showed that the effect of diet on biodiversity of rumen bacterial epimural community was significant (P <0.001). There was no significant difference between other experimental treatments (P> 0.05), although treatments containing 8% and 17% oak acorn had more variety than treatments containing 25% oak acorn. The sampling location had no effect on biodiversity of rumen bacterial epimural community (P> 0.05). The highest value of the Shannon index was related to the ventral ruminal site and the lowest was related to the reticulum site. The interaction effect of diet and sampling position on biodiversity of rumen bacterial epimural community was significant (P> 0.05).
Conclusion
The results showed that the use of oak acorns up to 17% in the diet increased the biodiversity of rumen bacterial epimural community, while the use of 25% oak acorns in the diet decreased the biodiversity of rumen bacterial epimural community. The sampling location had no effect on biodiversity of rumen bacterial epimural community. The highest value of the Shannon index was related to the ventral ruminal site, and the lowest value of the Shannon index was related to the reticulum ruminal site.
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