ارزیابی ژنتیکی سخت‌زایی گاوهای هلشتاین با استفاده از مدل‌های خطی و آستانه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

3 استاد، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش کنونی ارزیابی ژنتیکی سخت‌زایی گاوهای هلشتاین با مدل­های خطی، خطی تصحیح شده و آستانه­ای بود. اطلاعات شامل رکوردهای ویرایش شده 133876 راس گاو مربوط به هشت گله از گله­های گاو هلشتاین اصفهان بود که طی سال­های 1384 تا 1397 توسط تعاونی وحدت جمع­آوری شده بودند. اثر عوامل ثابت موجود در مدل شامل گله، سال-فصل زایش، جنسیت گوساله و سن اولین زایش و آثار تصادفی شامل پدر گاو و پدر گوساله و محیط دائم مادر بود. ویرایش رکوردها و کنترل کیفیت داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار SAS و ارزیابی ژنتیکی حیوانات با مدل‌های مورد مطالعه به کمک نرم‌افزار DMU انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که گله و سال-فصل زایش، جنسیت گوساله و سن اولین زایش بر نرخ وقوع سخت‌زایی تأثیر داشتند. وراثت­پذیری مستقیم سخت‌زایی در تلیسه­ها و گاوها با مدل خطی به‌ترتیب 10/0 و 07/0 و با مدل آستانه­ای به‌ترتیب 13/0 و 10/0 برآورد شد. وراثت‌پذیری برآورد شده با مدل خطی پس از تصحیح و تبدیل به مقیاس زمینه­ای در تلیسه‌ها به 19/0 و در گاوها به 14/0 افزایش یافت. همبستگی ژنتیکی بین اثر مستقیم و مادری در مدل­های آستانه­ای و خطی برای تلیسه­ها و گاوها 56/0- تا 74/0- برآورد شد. به دلیل همبستگی­های رتبه­ای متفاوت، رتبه بندی حیوانات براساس ارزش اصلاحی پیش­بینی‌شده با مدل­های خطی و آستانه­ای متفاوت بود. معیار آکایک محاسبه‌شده برای مدل آستانه‌ای از مدل خطی کمتر بود و بنابراین در پیش­بینی ارزش اصلاحی حیوانات مدل آستانه‌ای نسبت به مدل خطی برتری دارد و این مدل برای ارزیابی ژنتیکی سخت‌زایی پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Genetic analysis of dystocia in Holstein cattle using linear and threshold models

نویسندگان [English]

  • Arezoo Shahsavari 1
  • Mohammad Razmkabir 2
  • Amir Rashidi 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, ‎Sanandaj, Iran
2 Assistant Professor; Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
3 Professor; Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

The objective of the present study was to perform genetic evaluation of dystocia, using linear (observed and adjusted) and threshold models in Holstein cattle. Data and pedigree information of 8 dairy herds were obtained from Vahdat Industrial Agriculturists & Dairymen Cooperative, Isfahan, Iran. Final data included 133876 calving records during 2005 to 2018. The fixed effects of the model were included, herd, year-season of calving, calf gender and age at first calving.  The random effects of the model were included sire, maternal grandsire, permanent environment of dam and residual effects. Furthermore, 305-day milk yield was considered as a covariate in the final equation. Quality control and data validation were conducted in SAS and Microsoft Excel. Genetic evaluations and prediction of breeding values for dystocia was computed, using different statistical models by DMU program. Direct heritability for dystocia for heifers and other cows based on linear model were 0.10 and 0.07 and based on threshold model were 0.13 and 0.10, respectively. Estimated heritability was higher in threshold model compare to the linear model. The results of this study showed that beyond the environmental improvement, genetic selection might be an option for decreasing dystocia. Estimated heritability for heifers and other cows by the linear model were adjusted on the underlying scale to 0.19 and 0.14, respectively. Estimated correlations between direct and maternal genetic effects were negative and ranged from -0.56 to -0.74, indicating the genetic antagonism between direct and maternal effects. The Spearman rank correlations for breeding values predicted from the linear and threshold models were significant and different from 1, indicating that ranking of animals are not unique in linear and threshold models. Based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), threshold model was better and more accurate than linear model for genetic analysis of dystocia in Holstein cows.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genetic parameters
  • Calving difficulty
  • Linear model
  • Rank correlation
  • Threshold model‎

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علوم دامی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 1
خرداد 1400
صفحه 51-62

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 اسفند 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 اسفند 1399

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