اثر اندازه ذرات‎ ‎ذرت و منابع مختلف فیبر نامحلول بر عملکرد و خصوصیات لاشه و دستگاه گوارش ‏جوجه‌های گوشتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

3 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات تک‌معده‌ای‌ها،‎ ‎گروه کشاورزی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه مسی، پالمرسون نورت، نیوزیلند

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌منظور مطالعه اثر اندازه ذرات ذرت و منابع مختلف فیبر نامحلول بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه و دستگاه گوارش در جوجه‌های گوشتی از سن 1 تا 21 روزگی انجام شد. تعداد 660 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل ۳×2 با شش تیمار و پنج تکرار استفاده شدند. عوامل مورد مطالعه شامل دو اندازه ذرات ذرت (2 و 6 میلی‌متر) و سه منبع فیبر نامحلول (لیگنوسلولز، پوسته برنج و پوسته آفتابگردان) بودند. اثر اصلی منبع فیبر بر افزایش وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی، معنی­دار بود به‌طوری‌که پرندگان تغذیه‌شده با جیره حاوی پوسته آفتابگردان، افزایش وزن بیشتر (01/0>P) و ضریب تبدیل غذایی بهتری (01/0>P) نسبت به پرندگان تغذیه‌شده با دو منبع دیگر فیبر داشتند. به‌کاربردن لیگنوسلولز (05/0>P)و اندازه ذرات ریز (01/0>P) منجر به افزایش وزن لاشه، به‌ترتیب در مقایسه با دو منبع دیگر فیبر و اندازه ذرات درشت گردید. وزن روده کوچک در پرندگانی که جیره حاوی لیگنوسلولز دریافت کردند بالاتر از دو منبع دیگر فیبر بود (01/0>P). تیمارهای آزمایشی تأثیر معنی­داری بر طول قسمت­های مختلف روده باریک نداشتند. آسیاب درشت ذرت و به‌کاربردن پوسته آفتابگردان،pH سنگدان را به ترتیب در مقایسه با ذرات ریز و لیگنوسلولز کاهش داد (05/0>P). وزن سنگدان در پرندگانی که با جیره حاوی لیگنوسلولز و پوسته آفتابگردان تغذیه شدند بالاتر (01/0>P) از جوجه‌های تغذیه‌شده با جیره حاوی پوسته برنج بود. براساس نتایج این تحقیق، به کار بردن 3 درصد پوسته آفتابگردان در جیره از طریق بهبود وزن و کاهش pH سنگدان، عملکرد رشد را بهبود می­دهد و می­تواند در صنعت جوجه‌های گوشتی به‌صورت کاربردی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of corn particle sizes and different insoluble fiber sources on growth ‎performance and carcass and gastrointestinal tract characteristics of broiler chickens

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soudabeh Moradi 1
  • Arash Moradi 2
  • Vahid Atabaigi 2
  • Reza Abdollahi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi ‎University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, ‎Iran
3 Monogastric Research Center, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston north 4442, New Zealand‎
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of corn particle size and different insoluble fiber sources on performance and carcass and gastrointestinal tract characteristics of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age. A total of 660 male broilers were used in a 2×3 factorial arrangement with 6 treatments and five replicates per treatment. The factors of interest were two corn particle sizes (2 and 6 mm) and three insoluble fiber sources (lignocellulose, rice hull, RH and sunflower hull, SFH). The main effect of fiber source was significant for the body weight gain (P<0.01) and feed conversion ratio, with SFH inclusion improved BWG (P<0.01) and FCR (P<0.01) compared to OH and lignocellulose. The supplementation of lignocellulose (P<0.05) and fine particles (P<0.01) resulted in higher carcass weight compared to other fiber sources and coarse particles, respectively. Feeding lignocellulose increased (P<0.01) the weight of the small intestine than the other two fiber sources. The Experimental treatments had no significant effect on the relative length of small intestinal segments. Coarse grinding of corn and SFH inclusion reduced gizzard pH when compared to fine grinding and lignocellulose inclusion, respectively (P<0.05). The Gizzard weight of birds fed a diet containing lignocellulose and SFH was significantly higher (P<0.01) those fed RH. Generally, the dietary inclusion of 3% SFH improves growth performance through improved weight and reduced pH of gizzard and can be practically used in the broiler industry.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Broilers
  • carcass characteristics
  • gastrointestinal tract
  • insoluble fiber
  • particle size
  • performance‎

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علوم دامی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 2
مرداد 1399
صفحه 151-161

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 اسفند 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 31 تیر 1399

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