تغذیه گیاهان شورزیست به بره‎های پرواری و تأثیر آنها بر عملکرد، قابلیت هضم، فراسنجه‌های خونی و خصوصیات لاشه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته‎ ‎دکتری‎ ‎تغذیه‎ ‎دام، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم دامی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه‎ ‎علوم کشاورزی‎ ‎و‎ ‎منابع‎ ‎طبیعی‎ ‎خوزستان، ملاثانی، اهواز

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم دامی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه‎ ‎علوم کشاورزی‎ ‎و‎ ‎منابع‎ ‎طبیعی‎ ‎خوزستان، ملاثانی، اهواز

3 استادیار،‎ ‎بخش‎ ‎تغذیه‎ ‎دام،‎ ‎مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم‎ ‎دامی‎ ‎کشور،‎ ‎کرج

چکیده

به‎منظور بررسی تأثیر تغذیه گیاهان شورزیست گتک (Halocnemum strobilaceum) و سیاه‌ شور مصری (aegyptiacaSuaeda) بر عملکرد، قابلیت هضم، فراسنجه‌های خونی و خصوصیات لاشه بره‌های تغذیه­شده با جیره‌های پرکنسانتره سی و شش رأس بره نر نژاد عربی با میانگین سنی 2/0±5/4 ماه و وزن 13/1±3/25 کیلوگرم به‌طور تصادفی به‌مدت 80 روز با جیره‌های آزمایشی تغذیه شدند. جیره‌ها شامل 1- شاهد،
2- دارای 15 درصد گیاه سیاه شور مصری، 3- دارای 15 درصد گیاه گتک و 4- دارای 15 درصد گیاه سیاه شور مصری و 15 درصد گیاه گتک بود. تیمارها تفاوتی از نظر میانگین ماده خشک مصرفی، افزایش وزن روزانه، ضریب تبدیل غذایی و افزایش وزن نهایی نداشتند. مصرف علوفه شورزیست میزان آب مصرفی را افزایش داد (001/0p <). قابلیت هضم چربی‌خام (001/0p <) و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی در تیمارهای شاهد و تیمار حاوی 15 درصد علوفه گیاه سیاه‌ شور بالاتر از دیگر تیمارها بود (003/0P=). ماده آلی در تیمارهای حاوی 15 درصد گیاه سیاه‌ شور و دارای 15 درصد علوفه گیاه گتک نسبت به تیمارهای دیگر قابلیت هضم بیشتری داشت. غلظت نیتروژن اوره‌ای خون در پلاسمای بره‌های تیمار 30 درصد گیاه شور نسبت به بره‌های دیگر کم‌تر بود (0001/0P=). لاشه بره‌هایی که30 درصد گیاه شور مصرف کردند، چربی کمتر (024/0P=) و گوشت بیشتری داشت (006/0P=). بره‌‌های تغذیه شده با 15 درصد سیاه شور، عضله راسته روشن‌تری داشتند (03/0P=). در کل، نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که استفاده از گیاهان شورزی سیاه ‌شور و گتک جایگزین مخلوط کاه و یونجه در جیره‌ عملکرد پرواری دام را حفظ نموده و چربی لاشه را کاهش می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Feeding of halophyte plants to the fattening lambs and their effects on performance, ‎digestibility, blood parameters and carcass characteristics

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Hadi Sadeghi 1
  • Mohsen Sari 2
  • Tahereh Mohammadabadi 2
  • Morteza Rezaei 3
1 Former Ph.D. Student , Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, ‎Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Technology, Agricultural Sciences and Natural ‎Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran,‎‏ ‏Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Halocnemum strobilaceum and Suaeda aegyptiaca halophytes plants feeding on performance, feed digestibility, blood parameters and carcass characteristics of lambs fed by high-concentrate diets. Thirty six Arabian male lambs with an average age of 4.5±0.2 month and 25.3±1.13 kg live weight were fed by experimental diets for 80 days. The experimental diets included 1- Control, 2- 15% Suaeda, 3- 15% Halocnemum, and 4- 30% mixture of Suaeda and Halocnemum. Treatments had no significant effects on daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and final body weight. Water intake increased by consumption of halophytes (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. Crude fat and ADF digestibility were higher in control and 15% Suaeda treatments compared to other treatments (P=0.003). Organic matter digestibility was higher in 15% Suaeda and 15% Halocnemum treatments compared to other treatments. Blood urea nitrogen of lambs fed by 30% mixture of Suaeda and Halocnemum was lower than other treatments (P=0.0001). Lambs fed 30% saline plants had less total deposit carcass fat (P=0.024) and more meat content (P=0.006). Muscle yellowness increased in lambs fed halophytes compared to the control treatment (p < 0.001). The results of this study showed that replacement of wheat straw and alfalfa hay with Halocnemum and Suaeda, in high concentrate diets could maintain fattening performance and reduce carcass deposition of fat.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Digestibility
  • Halocnemum strobilaceum
  • halophytes
  • meat quality
  • Suaeda aegyptiaca

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علوم دامی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 2
مرداد 1399
صفحه 139-150

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 آذر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 تیر 1399

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