تأثیر تغذیۀ منابع مختلف اسید چرب بر عملکرد و فراسنجه‌های خونی گاوهای شیری هلشتاین دورۀ انتقال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

یکی از راهکارهای ارائه‌شده برای بهبود وضعیت سلامت گاوهای شیری پس از زایش، تغذیۀ منابع اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع است. هدف این تحقیق بررسی تأثیر منابع مختلف چربی بر مادۀ خشک مصرفی، تولید و ترکیب‌های شیر و متابولیت­های خونی در دورۀ انتقال در گاوهای شیری هلشتاین بود. شمار 35 رأس گاو هلشتاین چند بار زایش آبستن (حدود 21 روز پیش از زایش) انتخاب و به‌طور تصادفی به یکی از پنج تیمار آزمایشی شامل: 1) شاهد (منبع اسیدهای چرب اشباع)، 2) مکمل CLA، 3) دانۀ کتان اکسترود، 4) مخلوط دانۀ کتان اکسترود و CLA و 5) کنجاله و روغن کلسیمی کنجد اختصاص داده شدند. مادۀ خشک مصرفی و تولید شیر، روزانه اندازه­گیری شد. نمونه­های خون در روزهای 21-، 14-، 7-، 3-، 0، 3، 7، 14 و 21 نسبت به زمان زایش برای تعیین غلظت گلوکز، کلسترول، تری­گلیسیرید، لیپوپروتئین با چگالی پایین (LDL) و اسیدهای چرب آزاد غیراستریفیۀ پلاسما (NEFA) گرد­آوری شد. مادۀ خشک مصرفی، کمیت و کیفیت شیر، غلظت NEFA و تری‌گلیسیرید پلاسما تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفت (05/0P˃). در دورۀ پس از زایش، غلظت گلوکز پلاسما در تیمار CLA در مقایسه با جیره­های شاهد، کتان و مخلوط کتان و CLA بالاتر بود (05/0P˂). تیمار کنترل، بالاترین غلظت LDL را داشت (05/0P˂). غلظت کلسترول تیمار شاهد در روزهای 7 و 14 پس از زایش در مقایسه با دیگر تیمارها بالاتر بود (05/0P˂). به‌طورکلی تغذیۀ اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع بر عملکرد تأثیری نداشت ولی موجب بهبود فراسنجه­های خونی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of feeding different sources of fatty acids on performance and blood metabolites in Holestein dairy cows during transition period

نویسندگان [English]

  • Neda Sheikh 1
  • Abolfazl Zali 2
  • Mahdi Ganjkhanlou 2
  • armin towhidi 2
  • Mahdi Dehghan-Banadaki 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Univeristy College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Feeding unsaturated fatty acids sources in dairy cows is a strategy to improve animal health during postpartum period. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different sources of fatty acids on dry matter intake (DMI), milk production and composition and blood metabolites during the transition period in Holstein dairy cow.  Multiparous pregnant Holstein cows (n=35) were selected (around 21 days before calving) and assigned randomly to one of the five experimental treatments including: 1) control (Source of palmitic acid), 2) CLA supplementation, 3) extruded linseed (LIN), 4)extruded linseed and CLA blend (LIN+CLA), 5) meal and calcium oil sesame. DMI and milk yield were recorded daily. Blood samples were collected at -21, -14, -7, -3, 0, 3, 7, 14 and 21 d relative to calving to determine plasma concentration of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA). DMI, milk yield and composition, plasma concentrations of NEFA and triglyceride were not affected by treatments. During the postpartum period, plasma concentrations of glucose were greater in CLA treatment compared with control, LIN and LIN+CLA diets. Control treatment had the greatest plasma concentration of LDL. Cholesterol concentration of control treatment was higher at 7 and 14 d post calving compared with other treatments. In overall, feeding the unsaturated fatty acid improved concentration of blood metabolites, although they had no effect on milk performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • CLA
  • extruded linseed
  • meal sesame

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 02 اردیبهشت 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 اردیبهشت 1397

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