Alireza Safamehr; Sajad Yagoubzade; Ali Nobakht
Volume 42, Issue 2 , October 2011, Pages 95-106
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effects of different levels of protein and probiotic (Protexin) on performance, and immune response in Ross (308) broiler exposed to heat stress. Five hundred and forty one-day old broilers were employed in a compeletly randomized design (3×3 factorial arrangement) ...
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This study was carried out to determine the effects of different levels of protein and probiotic (Protexin) on performance, and immune response in Ross (308) broiler exposed to heat stress. Five hundred and forty one-day old broilers were employed in a compeletly randomized design (3×3 factorial arrangement) of 3 replicates for each treatment. The diets were formulated according to NRC (1994) recommendation with protein levels (90, 100 and 110% of NRC recommendations) along with probiotic (0, 200 and 400 ppm, containing 2×109 cfu/g of spores). The birds were exposed to heat stress (34±3?C) for 8 hours/day (10:00 to 18:00). The results indicated that, the body weight gain in broilers fed NRC plus %110 NRC protein was significantly higher than that in those fed %90 NRC protein (P
Bahman Eilami; Mohammadali Kamali
Volume 42, Issue 2 , October 2011, Pages 107-114
Abstract
Effect of two fattening systems were studied on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of using of 66 Fars native male kids in different ages. Six kids were slaughtered at the first day of experiment and sixty kids were divided into two groups. The first group were kept in feedlot in individual ...
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Effect of two fattening systems were studied on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of using of 66 Fars native male kids in different ages. Six kids were slaughtered at the first day of experiment and sixty kids were divided into two groups. The first group were kept in feedlot in individual pens and the second group grazed on rangeland, and after 3 months, were kept in feedlot in individual pens. The fattening period for first and second groups were 9 and 6 months respectively. Eight kids from each system were slaughtered randomly at the 6, 9 and 12 months of age, for recording carcass characteristics. Live body weights in each age class were different (P0.05). Carcass fat deposited percentages at 6 months of age were different (P0.05). Live body weights, daily weight gains, feed conversion ratios, dressing percentages, Carcass lean, fat deposited and bone percentages in each age were different (P
Seyed Meysam Tabatabaei; Yousef Rouzbehan; Gholamreza Ghorbani
Volume 42, Issue 2 , October 2011, Pages 115-123
Abstract
The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) model has recently been increasingly employed in preparation of balanced feed ration of dairy cattle in Iran. However, a lack of appropriate characterization of the feeds has restricted the model's application. This study was conducted to evaluate ...
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The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) model has recently been increasingly employed in preparation of balanced feed ration of dairy cattle in Iran. However, a lack of appropriate characterization of the feeds has restricted the model's application. This study was conducted to evaluate the protein contents of some feedstuffs (wheat bran, sugar beet pulp, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, cottonseed whole, corn gluten meal, poultry offal meal, blood meal, canola meal and bagasse) commonly used in the cattle ration in Iran with characteristics needed as inputs for CNCPS. Based on data obtained from this work, the level of neutral detergent fibre, ether extract, crude protein, soluble protein, non protein nitrogen, soluble true protein, neutral detergent insoluble protein and acid detergent insoluble protein contents were numerically different from the records of CNCPS, the difference for which may be due to climate, agricultural practices, and storage conditions. Hence, the use of date obtained for the available feeds in place of CNCPS' tabular values is strongly recommended in formulating balanced rations. This would expectedly result in more efficient use and less waste of nutrients.
Mohammadreza Mohammadabadi; Amin Shahabi; Alireza Noshari; Nahid Askari; Omid Dayani; Amin Khezri; Morteza Sataei Mokhtari; Mohammad Soflaei; Ahmad Ayatolahi
Volume 42, Issue 2 , October 2011, Pages 125-131
Abstract
Genetic diversity of Red Jabal Barez red goat population was studied based on eight microsatellite markers consist BM1312, MAF64, ILSTS034, ILSTS059, OraFCB20, IL2RA, LSCV24 and LSCV11. Blood sample extracted of 100 Red Jabal Barez goats were randomly collected from 10 farms and DNA was isolated using ...
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Genetic diversity of Red Jabal Barez red goat population was studied based on eight microsatellite markers consist BM1312, MAF64, ILSTS034, ILSTS059, OraFCB20, IL2RA, LSCV24 and LSCV11. Blood sample extracted of 100 Red Jabal Barez goats were randomly collected from 10 farms and DNA was isolated using the Diatom DNA PREP kit. The PCR reactions were successfully done and all loci showed suitable polymorphism with 7.62 alleles, on average. Five loci of LSCV11, ILSTS034, ILSTS059, OraFCB20, IL2RA were at Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium (P
Seyed Gholamreza Mousavi; Farshid Fattahnia; Hamidreza Mirzaei Alamouti; Ali Ashraf Mehrabi Oladi; Hassan Darmani Kouhi
Volume 42, Issue 2 , October 2011, Pages 133-142
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sources of four starch on milk production and composition, nutrients digestibility and blood metabolites of lactating Holstein cows. Eight multiparous Holstein cows (683±31 kg of body weight; 83±9 DIM) were used in a replicated 4×4 Latin square ...
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sources of four starch on milk production and composition, nutrients digestibility and blood metabolites of lactating Holstein cows. Eight multiparous Holstein cows (683±31 kg of body weight; 83±9 DIM) were used in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with 21-d periods. The exprimental diets contained wheat, barley, corn, or potato as the primary source of starch and contained 25.4, 31, 22, and 23 percent of diet DM respectively. Dry matter intake was similar among treatments. Raw, fat, and energy corrected milk production was lower (P
Seyed Adel Moftakharzade; Hossein Moravej; Mahmoud Shivazad
Volume 42, Issue 2 , October 2011, Pages 143-151
Abstract
In this research the effect of feeding wheat/ barley based diets supplemented with three commercial enzymes containing xylanase and ?-glucanase activities and including matrix value their on performance and gastrointestinal tract size of broiler chicks was investigated. A total of 260-day-old male broiler ...
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In this research the effect of feeding wheat/ barley based diets supplemented with three commercial enzymes containing xylanase and ?-glucanase activities and including matrix value their on performance and gastrointestinal tract size of broiler chicks was investigated. A total of 260-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were allocated to 5 treatment groups, with 4 replicates per treatment and 13 birds per replicate in a RCB design. Results showed that only addition of enzymes B and C to wheat/ barley based diet increased average daily feed intake significantly (P
Seyed Naser Mousavi; Mahmoud Shivazad; Mohammad Chamani; Housahang Lotfolahian; Ali Asghar Sadeghi
Volume 42, Issue 2 , October 2011, Pages 153-160
Abstract
In this research 400 Ross 308 breeder fertile eggs were weighed At day 16 of incubation and evenly distributed into 4 treatments with 4 replicates per treatment and 25 eggs per replicate in a CRD design. On day 18 of incubation, 1 ml of an in ovo feed solution including: I) Carbohydrate (CHO), II) Amino ...
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In this research 400 Ross 308 breeder fertile eggs were weighed At day 16 of incubation and evenly distributed into 4 treatments with 4 replicates per treatment and 25 eggs per replicate in a CRD design. On day 18 of incubation, 1 ml of an in ovo feed solution including: I) Carbohydrate (CHO), II) Amino acid (AA), and III) Butyric acid solution in 0.5% saline was injected into amniotic fluid of eggs. The control group remained non-injected. After injection eggs were transferred to hatcher. Upon hatch, chicks were weighed, sexed and transferred to the experimental house and reared to 42 days. At day two the midpoint of the jejunum was sampled for intestinal morphometric examination. The hatchability didn't differ significantly between treatments. Body weight and body weight to egg weight ratio of all in ovo injected hatchlings was greater than in controls (P
Soudabe Moradi; Mojtaba Zaghari; Mahmoud Shivazad; Rahim Osfouri; Mohsen Mardi
Volume 42, Issue 2 , October 2011, Pages 161-170
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of either twice or thrice a day feeding regimens on performance and as well on plasma hormone and metabolite levels of broiler breeder hens during 24 to 38 wk of their productive age. Breeder pullets were provided form a commercial flock, and distributed ...
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This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of either twice or thrice a day feeding regimens on performance and as well on plasma hormone and metabolite levels of broiler breeder hens during 24 to 38 wk of their productive age. Breeder pullets were provided form a commercial flock, and distributed in experimental units, in a compeletly randomized design with three feeding regimens (treatments) included 1, 2 or 3 feeding times per day with 4 replicates. Birds fed once a day, received all their total feed at 06:15 h, whereas birds fed twice a day, received 50% of their total feed allowance at 06:15 h and the other 50% at 12:15 h, and while birds fed thrice a day, received 33% of their total feed at 06:15 h, 33% at 12:15 h and the last portion at 18:15 h. Total daily feed did not differ among treatments. Blood samples were taken at the peak of production (32 wk of age) and at the end of trial (38 wk of age). For the 13 wk production period, total hen-day egg production through 38 wk of age in the hens that were provided feed twice and thrice a day was greater (67.1 and 67.2 vs 62.2 eggs/hen, P
Mohammad Razmkabir; Mohammad Moradi Shahrbabak; Abbas Pakdel; Ardeshir Nejati Javaremi
Volume 42, Issue 2 , October 2011, Pages 171-178
Abstract
Test day records of first lactation Holstein cows from 1996 to 2008 were obtained from Animal Breeding Center of Iran and used in this research. Data consisted of 872125 test-day milk records of 95816 cows from 59 herds. (Co)Variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using random regression ...
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Test day records of first lactation Holstein cows from 1996 to 2008 were obtained from Animal Breeding Center of Iran and used in this research. Data consisted of 872125 test-day milk records of 95816 cows from 59 herds. (Co)Variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using random regression model via Gibbs sampling method. Two order Legendre polynomials and third coefficient of Wilmink function were used to describe the lactation curve in genetic and permanent environment levels. The heterogeneity of the residual variance in days 5 to 365 of lactation was modeled using a number of thirty six 10-day intervals. Residual variance was high at the beginning but it was steady and decreased slowly to the end of the lactation. Permanent environmental variance was high at the extremes. The total variance and heritability were affected by the pattern of PE variance. The lowest and highest genetic variances occurred at the beginning and at the end of lactation, respectively. Heritability estimates for daily yields were low in the early lactation and generally ranged from 0.077 to 0.252 for days 5 and 305, respectively. High residual and permanent variances and lower genetic variance were lead to low heritability at the first part of lactation. Genetic correlations were positive and higher than phenotypic ones for all the days in lactation. The lowest genetic correlation was 0.35, between the extremes. Genetic correlations between daily yields decreased with increase in interval between tests. The estimated parameters in this study can be used to predict breeding values for Holstein dairy cattle of Iran.
Ali Akbar Masoudi; Misagh Moridi; Javad Ahmadpanah; Rasoul Vaez Torshizi; Hamidreza Seyed Abadi
Volume 42, Issue 2 , October 2011, Pages 179-187
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps), are highly important due to their association with such economically important traits in animals as resistance to temperature shock and mastitis. In the current study, to get a comprehensive information on molecular structure and evolution of the Hsp70s, and the available ...
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Heat shock proteins (Hsps), are highly important due to their association with such economically important traits in animals as resistance to temperature shock and mastitis. In the current study, to get a comprehensive information on molecular structure and evolution of the Hsp70s, and the available Hsp70 sequences of the cattle and other animals taken from NCBI and aligned together. Then, nucleotide substitution rate of the sequences and molecular evolution of the gene family were calculated by maximum likelihood and neighbor-joining method, respectively, and phylogenetic tree was constructed. Bioinformatic researches results identified that Hsp70 gene family are distributed across the genome and express various transcripts necessary for functions of the related traits. On the other hand, base substitution rate of the pyrimidines to pyrimidines or purines is much more than that of in purines to pyrimidines or purines in this genes family. The dN/ds ratio of the Hsp70 sequences indicated purifying selection and stability of the structures of the genes family during evolution. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Hsp70 proteins, based on mainly are divided to two clades their evolutionary relationships. Hsp70 12a and b are sisters in one clade and sequences of the other Hsp70 proteins are in second clad and divided to many branches.
