M AALI; H MORADI SHAHRBABAK; M MORADI SHAHRBABAK; M SADEGHI
Abstract
Calpastatin has been introduced as an effective candidate gene as regards growth efficiency and meat quality traits. Throughout the present study, blood sampling as well as carcass trait measurements were performed on 74 Lori-Bakhtiari sheep and on 40 Zel-Atabay cross-breds from industrial slaughterhouses ...
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Calpastatin has been introduced as an effective candidate gene as regards growth efficiency and meat quality traits. Throughout the present study, blood sampling as well as carcass trait measurements were performed on 74 Lori-Bakhtiari sheep and on 40 Zel-Atabay cross-breds from industrial slaughterhouses of Shahrekord and Gorgan cities, respectively. Following DNA extaction, Polymerase Chain Reactions were performed for amplification of a 254 bp fragment containing the entire exon 6 of calpastatin gene. SSCP method along with silver staining were employed for genotyping of PCR products. Fourteen genotypic patterns namely: AA, BB, AB, AC, AD, BE, AF, AG, AH, AI, JJ, AJ, BK, and AL were observed with frequencies of 0.035, 0.123, 0.105, 0.114, 0.009, 0.053. 0.316, 0.027, 0.017, 0.017, 0.009, 0.105, 0.017, and 0.053, respectively for the two breeds. The calpastatin gene significantly affected live weight before slaughter, fat-tail weight(p<0.001), percentage of the fat-tail to carcass weights (p<0.01) as well as fat bearing carcass weight (p<0.05). Genotype AB was found as the superior genotype for all the traits. The favorable genotype for growth traits was AJ, whereas BE being the favorable one for weight and for percentage of fat-tail (animals with BE genotype bore a smaller fat-tail) but this genotype along with genotype BB were unfavorable as regards growth traits.
M. BAGHERI; R MIRAIE- ASHTIANI; M MORADI-SHAHRBABAK; A PAKDEL; A NEJATI-JAVAREMI
Abstract
The Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) is an innate immune protein on cell surfaces that identifies Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram-negative bacteria. Genetic markers associated with innate responses during mastitis could help in selection of cattle to improve disease resistance. The objective of this study ...
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The Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) is an innate immune protein on cell surfaces that identifies Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram-negative bacteria. Genetic markers associated with innate responses during mastitis could help in selection of cattle to improve disease resistance. The objective of this study was to determine the association between TLR4 gene and clinical mastitis, using selective genotyping method. A total of 270 cows of two extreme groups namely: top clinical mastitis resistant vs. top susceptible ones were selected. For genotyping, the 2 methods of: PCR-RFLP and PCR-SSCP were made use of. Identified polymorphisms induced A-G in exon 2, and C-T in exon 3. Following sequencing, polymorphism effects on clinical mastitis were analyzed using logistic regression. The results indicated that TLR4 gene was significantly associated with clinical mastitis resistance.
ali sadeghi; mohamad moradi shahre babak; ardashir nejati javaremi; seyed reza mirayi ashtiani; piter arimer; temti jan bern; mahdi taghi nejad
Abstract
The aim followed in the present study was to investigate the economic aspects of , and to derive Economic Weights (EWs) for Mature Body Weight (MBW) as well as for age at First Calving (AFC) in Holstein dairy cattle of Iran. Economic values (EVs) for traits were estimated using trait-by-trait bio-economic ...
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The aim followed in the present study was to investigate the economic aspects of , and to derive Economic Weights (EWs) for Mature Body Weight (MBW) as well as for age at First Calving (AFC) in Holstein dairy cattle of Iran. Economic values (EVs) for traits were estimated using trait-by-trait bio-economic models. Absolute EVs were RLs -16400 and -17900 per cow per year for MBW and AFC, respectively. Because of the negative effects of these traits on profitability, EWs of -7540 for MBW and -3760 for AFC are suggested for a national selection index. A one day increase in AFC increased production costs by Rls 39600 per cow per year. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the EV for MBW was more sensitive to changes in live weight price than to feed costs. Results obtained in this study can be used in the development of breeding objectives and in the cost- benefit analysis of management programs which aim at changing the attitudes of farmers and of their consultants towards decreasing costs and therefore increasing profitability.
karim hasan poor; mohammad moradi shahre babak; mostafa sadeghi; davood kianzad
Abstract
To study the effects of environmental factors on milk and fat yields (240day) traits of Iranian buffaloes, 22596 and 22165 records were utilized for milk and fat yield traits, respectively. Uni and bivariate analysis for estimation of (co)variation components of the traits were done in five lactations. ...
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To study the effects of environmental factors on milk and fat yields (240day) traits of Iranian buffaloes, 22596 and 22165 records were utilized for milk and fat yield traits, respectively. Uni and bivariate analysis for estimation of (co)variation components of the traits were done in five lactations. Milk yield in the 1st lactation had the highest number of records (4482), collected through Center of Animal Breeding during 1986 2009. Estimation of genetic trends for both traits in the 1st lactation was also done. All factors except age at calving and season of calving exerted significant effects (p
mohammadreza bakhtiarizade; mohammad moradi shahre babak; hossein moradi; mahmood vatankhah
Abstract
The relationship between live body weight, body length, girth circumference, animal hight, upper, middle as well as lower width of fat-tail, fat-tail length, fat-tail gap length, fat-tail depth and fat-tail circumference along with fat-tail weight were determined using records of 731 Loribakhtiari sheep. ...
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The relationship between live body weight, body length, girth circumference, animal hight, upper, middle as well as lower width of fat-tail, fat-tail length, fat-tail gap length, fat-tail depth and fat-tail circumference along with fat-tail weight were determined using records of 731 Loribakhtiari sheep. Principal Component and Least Square Analyses were applied to solve the collinearity instability. Collinearity problems as portrayed by variance inflation factors above 5 or 10 were evident in some of independent variables. Results showed that the problem of collinearity in relation with fat-tail weight of 11 independent variables could be solved by using Principal Component Analysis method. Fat-tail gap length, fat-tail depth, and fat-tail circumference vs. girth circumference, and fat-tail length respectively represented the highest and the lowest coefficients regarding the estimation of fat-tail weight.
zakaria ghadiri; mohammad moradi; hossein moradi; ghodratollah rahimi
Abstract
Data on 300 Kermani sheep from Kermani Breeding Center of Shahrbabak were utilized in the present research. Horizontal polyacryle amide electrophoresis was employed to detect polymorphism of Transferrin and Albumin, while Acetate cellulose being utilized for Hemoglobin. Three genotypes of Hemoglobin ...
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Data on 300 Kermani sheep from Kermani Breeding Center of Shahrbabak were utilized in the present research. Horizontal polyacryle amide electrophoresis was employed to detect polymorphism of Transferrin and Albumin, while Acetate cellulose being utilized for Hemoglobin. Three genotypes of Hemoglobin were observed(AA, AB and BB with respective frequencies of 4.6, 43.8 and 51.6). Frequency of A allele of Hemoglobin in Kermani sheep was superior to those investigated in other Iranian sheep. Eight allels were determined for tranferrin, (B, C, A, D, E, G, Q and L in frequencies of 46.7, 27.11, 12.82, 9.16, 2.01, 1.28, 0.55 and 0.37 respectively). These alleles made up 19 genotypes from among which BC genotype possessed the most frequency while AL & LD genotypes the least ones. Albumin Electrophoresis results showed two genotypes SS and SW with frequency of 98% and 2% respectively. Following genotype determination of the sheep for the proteins, effect of proteins on body weight, daily weight gain and wool production was investigated. Trensferrin and Hemoglobin effects were singnificant on 12 month weight (P
Ali Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi; Mohammad Moradi Shahrbabak; Ardeshir Nejati Javaremi; Seyed Reza Miraei Ashtiyani; P. R. Eymer
Volume 42, Issue 4 , March 2012, , Pages 345-353
Abstract
The financial losses, absolute and net economic values (EVs) for direct (DCD) and Maternal Calving Difficulty (MCD) were estimated using a bioeconomic model and taking into account the categorical nature of the trait. The effects of dystocia on other traits were estimated. But because of low reliability ...
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The financial losses, absolute and net economic values (EVs) for direct (DCD) and Maternal Calving Difficulty (MCD) were estimated using a bioeconomic model and taking into account the categorical nature of the trait. The effects of dystocia on other traits were estimated. But because of low reliability they were not considered for calculations in the base situation. In the base situation, the average costs of dystocia incidence were estimated to be Rls 518,700 per calving. Absolute EVs (per calving per cow) and net EVs (per cow per year) for DCD were Rls -27,800 and -14,200 respectively, and for MCD the two of them were stimated as Rls-2800. Most important economic consequences of calving difficulty were milk losses, probability of dead cow and stillbirth. Sensitivity analysis showed that frequency of dystocia incidence was the factor with the largest impact on the costs and economic values for difficult calving. According to population, production and economic parameters valid in 2009, total dystocia costs to Holstein dairy cattle industry were estimated to be Rls 49.1 billions. Results obtained in this study can be helpful to change the attitudes of farmers and their consultants to pay more attention to calving performance and use management and genetic strategies to reduce dystocia incidence.
Mohammad Razmkabir; Mohammad Moradi Shahrbabak; Abbas Pakdel; Ardeshir Nejati Javaremi
Volume 42, Issue 2 , October 2011, , Pages 171-178
Abstract
Test day records of first lactation Holstein cows from 1996 to 2008 were obtained from Animal Breeding Center of Iran and used in this research. Data consisted of 872125 test-day milk records of 95816 cows from 59 herds. (Co)Variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using random regression ...
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Test day records of first lactation Holstein cows from 1996 to 2008 were obtained from Animal Breeding Center of Iran and used in this research. Data consisted of 872125 test-day milk records of 95816 cows from 59 herds. (Co)Variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using random regression model via Gibbs sampling method. Two order Legendre polynomials and third coefficient of Wilmink function were used to describe the lactation curve in genetic and permanent environment levels. The heterogeneity of the residual variance in days 5 to 365 of lactation was modeled using a number of thirty six 10-day intervals. Residual variance was high at the beginning but it was steady and decreased slowly to the end of the lactation. Permanent environmental variance was high at the extremes. The total variance and heritability were affected by the pattern of PE variance. The lowest and highest genetic variances occurred at the beginning and at the end of lactation, respectively. Heritability estimates for daily yields were low in the early lactation and generally ranged from 0.077 to 0.252 for days 5 and 305, respectively. High residual and permanent variances and lower genetic variance were lead to low heritability at the first part of lactation. Genetic correlations were positive and higher than phenotypic ones for all the days in lactation. The lowest genetic correlation was 0.35, between the extremes. Genetic correlations between daily yields decreased with increase in interval between tests. The estimated parameters in this study can be used to predict breeding values for Holstein dairy cattle of Iran.
Mohammad Rokouei; Rasoul Vaez torshizi; Mohammad Moradi shahr babak; Mahdi Sargolzaei; Anders Sorencen
Volume 42, Issue 1 , July 2011, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
Effects of inbreeding coefficient on estimates of genetic parameters, breeding values and genetic trends for production traits (milk, fat and protein yields), reproduction traits (age at the first calving, interval between first insemination to conception, calving interval, interval between calving to ...
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Effects of inbreeding coefficient on estimates of genetic parameters, breeding values and genetic trends for production traits (milk, fat and protein yields), reproduction traits (age at the first calving, interval between first insemination to conception, calving interval, interval between calving to first insemination, and calving ease) as well as longevity of Holstein Cattle in Iran were studied. Inbreeding coefficients were computed using a complete pedigree, created from all available information of national Holstein dairy cattle and international sires back to 1883. For all the traits, the records of animals with a minimum pedigree completeness of 0.7 for five generations back were employed. The average completeness of pedigree for all the record holding animals was more than 0.90. Two univariate animal models (either with or without inbreeding) were considered to estimate the genetic parameters and breeding values. There were no substantial differences between the two models for variance components and genetic parameters. However, the effect of inbreeding on estimated breeding values and genetic gain was significant. Based on the estimated breeding values, the differences in male rankings were greater than those in female rankings for all the traits. Also, the rank correlations between two models ranged from 0.966 (milk yield) to 0.994 (fat yield) for males and 0.953 (calving ease) to 0.997 (age at the first calving) for females. These correlations, which were significantly different from unity, indicated that it is necessary to adjust the effect of inbreeding in genetic evaluation programs.
Hamid Beygi; Abbas Pakdel; Mohammad Moradi shahr babak
Volume 42, Issue 1 , July 2011, , Pages 39-45
Abstract
This study has been carried out to investigate the effect of short-term divergent selection for 4-wk body weight on growth curve parameters and carcass components in Japanese quail. Quail lines utilized were two divergently selected for high (HW) and low (LW) 4-wk body weight (BW) as well as a line as ...
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This study has been carried out to investigate the effect of short-term divergent selection for 4-wk body weight on growth curve parameters and carcass components in Japanese quail. Quail lines utilized were two divergently selected for high (HW) and low (LW) 4-wk body weight (BW) as well as a line as control (C). The results of the study indicated that quails in HW line had heavier BW than those in LW and in C lines from 6 and 11-d thereafter respectively. Moreover there was a significant difference for growth rate between lines from 4-d of age. To investigate the changes in carcass components, quails were slaughtered at 32 and 42-d of age. Results indicated that quails in HW line had significantly heavier carcass, thigh, heart, lung, liver, small intestine and breast dimensions (length, depth & weight) than quails in LW line for both age groups (P
Homa Arabi; Mohammad Moradi Shahrbabak; Ardeshir Nejati Javaromi
Volume 41, Issue 4 , March 2011, , Pages 373-380
Abstract
In the present research, divergent selection for Japanese quail body weight at four and five weeks of age was performed in five generations to estimate the response to selection and realized heritability. The average body weight was significantly (p
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In the present research, divergent selection for Japanese quail body weight at four and five weeks of age was performed in five generations to estimate the response to selection and realized heritability. The average body weight was significantly (p
Ali Sadeghi Sefidmazgi; Ardeshir Nejati-Javaremi; Mohammad Moradi-Shahrbabak; Seyed Reza Miraei Ashtiani; Peter R AYMER
Volume 42, Issue 3 , January 2011, , Pages 189-197
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the Discounted Genetic Expressions (DGEs) for different categories of animal traits as regards Holstein cattle of Iran. Using discounted gene-flow principles, DGEs per calf born were estimated for self replacing females and also for their sires. In the situation ...
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The objective of this study was to assess the Discounted Genetic Expressions (DGEs) for different categories of animal traits as regards Holstein cattle of Iran. Using discounted gene-flow principles, DGEs per calf born were estimated for self replacing females and also for their sires. In the situation for sires of self replacing females, relative GDEs per cow per year for annual cow traits, traits of the calf at birth and slaughter, traits of heifer and traits of cow at culling were estimated as 1, 0.96, 0.4, 0.44 and 0.43, respectively. The respective values for self replacing females were 1, 0.5, 0.21, 0.44 and 0.43, respectively. The effects of different factors on DGEs were quantified using sensitivity analysis. Results obtained in this study provide important information for properly weighting the traits in national selection indexes and as well in conducting cost- benefit analyses of breeding strategies.
MohammadAli Talebi; Seyed Reza Miraei Ashtiani; Mohammad Moradi Shahrbabak; Ardeshir Nejati Javaromi
Volume 41, Issue 3 , December 2010, , Pages 203-210
Abstract
In this study, production, reproduction, managerial, and economic parameters obtained from data recorded for Lori-Bakhtiari flock of sheep (500 heads of breeding ewe) stationed at the sheep's Breeding Station, were employed to determine the relative economic values of and breeding objectives for an annual ...
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In this study, production, reproduction, managerial, and economic parameters obtained from data recorded for Lori-Bakhtiari flock of sheep (500 heads of breeding ewe) stationed at the sheep's Breeding Station, were employed to determine the relative economic values of and breeding objectives for an annual cycle of production, in village system in this breed of sheep. Economic value for a trait was estimated as the level of change in the profit of system as its mean increased by one unit, while the means of other traits being kept constant. The economic values were investigated in three approaches including a included to maximization profit to maximize economic efficiency and to minimize cost. The results show, live weight of (carcass weight) accounted for 94.51% while wool and manure for the remaining 5.49% of the revenue, respectivly. Feeding and management costs represented about 72.28 and 25.94% of total costs, respectively. Relative economic values for conception rate, litter size, mature ewe live weight, weight of wool, lamb survival at 6 months of age, 6-month live weight, carcass lean weight and carcass fat weight at 6 months of age were 60.52, 48.00, -0.05, 1, 56.55, 1.01, 4.61 and -0.92, respectivly for maximization of profit approach. Relative economic values from the three approaches were approximately the same. Litter size, conception rate and ewe live weight were the most important traits in the breeding objectives for ewe in the village system. Lamb survival at 6 months of age, carcass lean and fat weights were the most important traits in the breeding objectives for the lamb in the village system. Estimates of sensitivity analysis of relative economic values to changes in prices of input and output by ?20% indicated that the relative economic values of traits, relative to change in cost of input (feed and management), were of low sensitivity, while relative to change in output (carcass and carcass lean weight) indicated a relatively higher sensitivity.
Saherreh Jowzi Shekalgoorani; AbdolAhad Shadparvar; Rasoul VaezTorshizi; Mohammad Moradi Shahrbabak
Volume 41, Issue 3 , December 2010, , Pages 223-229
Abstract
Average age distribution and generation interval were investigated in four different selection pathways. i.e., Sire of future Sires (SS), Sire of future Dams (SD), Dam of future Sires (DS) and Dam of future Dams (DD). Young Bulls pathway (YB) is also considered as a path that affects the generation interval ...
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Average age distribution and generation interval were investigated in four different selection pathways. i.e., Sire of future Sires (SS), Sire of future Dams (SD), Dam of future Sires (DS) and Dam of future Dams (DD). Young Bulls pathway (YB) is also considered as a path that affects the generation interval in SD pathway when using progeny testing program. Data were collected from Animal Breeding Center of Iran. Data were consisted of 584053 DD, 236628 DS, 345213 SD and 60 SS born from 1994 to 2008. Cow survival rates showed a linear diminishing trend (b=-0.0461) with a high R-square (98%) from one lactation to the next. Young Bulls' sperm usage was much higher than the usage of proved bulls' sperm due to the lower sperm price. This has led to a lower generation interval in DS pathway, when compared with that reported in other studies. On the other hand, percent of usage of local proved sire was very low compared with imported proved sperm. By using age distribution, obtained through different pathways, the generation intervals were recorded as 6.5, 7.5, 4.22, 4.10 and 3.37 years for SS, SD, DS, DD and YB pathways, respectively. Considering 20% test capacity, mean generation interval in Holstein dairy cattle in Iran was around 5.37. To overcome the problem of high generation interval, it is necessary to consider a suitable policy in selection/ culling and in a controlled use of young bulls’ semen.
Amin Khezri; Kamran Reza Yazdi; Mohsen Danesh Mesgaran; Mohamad Moradi Shahr Babak; MohamadReza Mohamad Abadi
Volume 41, Issue 2 , September 2010
Abstract
To examine the effects of different sources of Rumen-Degradable Carbohydrates on rumen fermentation, nitrogen metabolism and performance of Holstein dairy cows, four lactating Holstein cows fitted with rumen cannulae in a 4×4 Latin Square with four diets and four 28 day periods each, were employed. ...
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To examine the effects of different sources of Rumen-Degradable Carbohydrates on rumen fermentation, nitrogen metabolism and performance of Holstein dairy cows, four lactating Holstein cows fitted with rumen cannulae in a 4×4 Latin Square with four diets and four 28 day periods each, were employed. Experimental diets contained different levels of pure sucrose and corn starch in which sucrose was replaced at 0, 25, 50 and 75 g /kg DM for corn starch at 75, 50, 25 and 0 g/kg DM in a total mixed ration (TMR) respectively. Replacing corn starch with sucrose did not affect ruminal pH. The addition of sucrose to TMR compared with starch, reduced (P?0.05) ruminal NH3 - N concentration but did not significantly affect peptide – N concentration. The addition of sucrose to diets did not significantly affect either total volatile fatty acids or the acetate to any propionate ratio. No differences in molar proportion of most of the individual volatile fatty acids were found among diets, except for the molar proportion of butyrate that was increased (P?0.05) with the inclusion of sucrose. In this experiment, diets with high levels of sucrose as compared with diets containing corn starch tended (P?0.051) to decrease total branched chain volatile fatty acids. Dry matter intake, milk yield, body weight changes and digestibility of DM, OM, CP and NDF were not affected by inclusion of sucrose in the diets but increased milk fat and total solid percentages (P?0.05). Increasing levels of sucrose in the diets tended (P?0.063) to increase milk protein percentage (3.28 vs. 3.05) and reduced (P?0.05) milk urea nitrogen concentration which shows improving nitrogen metabolism in the rumen and as a result more efficient utilization of the rapidly available nitrogen components in the diets.
Mohamad Saheb Honar; Mohamad Moradi Shahr Babak; Seyed Reza Miraei Ashtiani; Mohamad Bagher Sayad Nezhad
Volume 41, Issue 2 , September 2010
Abstract
Genetic trend for production traits were estimated in Iranian Holstein cattle using the first lactation data recorded by Cattle Breeding and Dairy Product Improvement Center of the State from 1991 to 2006. Effect of some factors on genetic trend was investigated using data from 18 large herds. (Co) variance ...
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Genetic trend for production traits were estimated in Iranian Holstein cattle using the first lactation data recorded by Cattle Breeding and Dairy Product Improvement Center of the State from 1991 to 2006. Effect of some factors on genetic trend was investigated using data from 18 large herds. (Co) variance components and genetic parameters were estimated, using five trait animal model and EM-AI algorithm in WOMBAT software. Estimated heritability for milk, fat, protein yields, fat percent and protein percent were 0.255, 0.197, 0.210, 0.317 and 0.308, respectively. Linear regression of Estimated Breeding Values (EBV) on birth year was used to estimate genetic trend. Estimated genetic trend for the animals for milk, fat and protein yield were 35.437±2.655, 0.714±0.059, 0.945±0.069 kg and for fat and protein percent were -0.006±0.0005 and -0.002±0.0002, (P
MohammadReza BakhtiariZadeh; Mohamad Moradi ShahrBabak
Volume 41, Issue 1 , May 2010
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to estimate the lactation curve parameters through incomplete gamma function and to genetically evaluate the relationship of these parameters and udder traits in Holstein population of Iran. Two data sets' including 117583 [(for lactation curve parameters) and 7351 ...
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The objective of the present study was to estimate the lactation curve parameters through incomplete gamma function and to genetically evaluate the relationship of these parameters and udder traits in Holstein population of Iran. Two data sets' including 117583 [(for lactation curve parameters) and 7351 (for determining genetic and phenotypic relationship between lactation curve parameters and udder type traits)], first lactation records on cows from 19303 and 1148 herd-year-season groups were respectively employed. Heritability estimates varied from 0.02 (a and b) to 0.22 (peak) and for udder type traits ranged from 0.11 (FU) to 0.21 (RTP).The genetic correlations among lactation curve parameters ranged from 0.99 (TTP and PERS) to -0.64 (a and b) and among udder type traits and lactation curve parameters ranged from 0.54 (RTP and a, RUW and PEAK) to -0.54 (RTP and b). Results suggested that the application of RUW for indirect selection of lactation curve parameters could be useful for genetic improvement of persistency in milk yield. With regard to the present study, cows with more udder width had a more M305, PEAK as well as PERS.
Azadeh Boustan; Mohamad Moradi ShahrBabak; Ardeshir Nejati Javaromi
Volume 41, Issue 1 , May 2010
Abstract
Test day milk records of a Holstein dairy farm collected during years 2004 to 2006 on 142 cows in the 1st lactation vs. 140 cows in the 2nd lactation were used in this research. There were real milk yields of cows available in each part of lactation in this farm making it possible to compare functions ...
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Test day milk records of a Holstein dairy farm collected during years 2004 to 2006 on 142 cows in the 1st lactation vs. 140 cows in the 2nd lactation were used in this research. There were real milk yields of cows available in each part of lactation in this farm making it possible to compare functions based on the new criteria (squared error of estimation). Five functions were compared to estimate production records during each month of lactation, using test day records. These functions were incompelete gama, polynomial regression, inverse polynomial, Wilmink and mixed log function. These functions were compared with third order legender polynomial function for an estimation of total lactation milk yield (305 day milk yield). The criterion for comparing these six functions was the squared error of estimation. Functions were ranked through Quad test on squared error. The first rank in the 1st lactation belonged to incomplete gama function in the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 8th, and 9th month, polynomial regression function in the 3rd, and 6th month, mixed log function in the 7th month while Wilmink function in the 10th month of lactation. The first rank in the 2nd lactation belonged to incomplete gama function in the 1st, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 9th month, mixed log function in the 7th, and 8th month, while Wilmink function in the the 3rd, and 10th month and polynomial regression function in the 2nd month of lactation. Incomplete gama function won the first rank for estimation of total milk yield (305 day milk yield) in the 1st, 2nd lactation. In the 1st lactation, difference between Incomplete gama function and polynomial regression, third order legender polynomial function and in the 2nd lactation the difference between incomplete gama function and polynomial regression functions were significant.
MohammadReza BakhtiariZadeh; Mohammad Moradi ShahreBabak; Abbas Pakdel; Ahmad Moghimi
Volume 40, Issue 4 , March 2010
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to estimate the relationship between genetic parameters for 13 linear type traits, and milk yield as well as open day in Holstein cattle of Iran. Three data sets of: 16502 (type traits), 16557 (milk yield) and 11631 (open days) records related to the first calving ...
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The objective of the present study was to estimate the relationship between genetic parameters for 13 linear type traits, and milk yield as well as open day in Holstein cattle of Iran. Three data sets of: 16502 (type traits), 16557 (milk yield) and 11631 (open days) records related to the first calving of the cows, and respectively taken from 1500, 1566, and 2000 herd-year-season groups, were taken into account. SAS software and Proc GLM were employed to fit the model. Genetic parameters were estimated using Restricted Maximum Likelihood along with an animal model and ASREML software. Genetic correlation among type traits and milk production ranged from 0.34 (rear udder width) to -0.31 (udder depth), and among type traits and fertility, it ranged from 0.62 (rear udder width) to -0.37 (udder depth). Most of the genetic correlations between milk production and fertility indicate that more production in cows was accompanied by a lower fertility, while cows with a lower production level benefitted from a more fertility rate.
bakhtiyar amini; mohammad moradi shahr babak; ardeshir nejati javaremi; mohammad bagher sayad nejad
Volume 40, Issue 2 , September 2009
Abstract
Adjusted milk yield for 305 days and two milking times along with actual first lactation records of 187138 Holstein cows were used to find out the effect of record adjustment on variance components estimation and on genetic evaluation. Records had been gathered by the Animal Breeding Center of Iran during ...
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Adjusted milk yield for 305 days and two milking times along with actual first lactation records of 187138 Holstein cows were used to find out the effect of record adjustment on variance components estimation and on genetic evaluation. Records had been gathered by the Animal Breeding Center of Iran during years 1991 to 2006. The pedigree file included 288032 animals. A single animal model with Average Information Restricted Maximum Likelihood (AIREML) was employed for data analysis. Milk yield heritability was estimated as 0.24 and 0.23 for adjusted and actual records, respectively. The rank correlations of 0.977, 0.975, and 0.987 were estimated for all, female, and male animals respectively based on the estimated breeding values of adjusted and non-adjusted records. The rank correlations among the 100, 200, 1000, and 2000 top animals were 0.500, 0.377, 0.491, and 0.529 respectively. In general, it could be concluded that adjustment of records tends to incline the breeding value of animals toward the population mean, leading to selection of animals of average breeding value.
abldol-reza kamyab; alireza mohammad hosseini; mohammad moradi shahr babak
Volume 40, Issue 2 , September 2009
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of withdrawing vitamin and/or trace mineral premixes from grower and finisher diets of broilers. A 2×4 factorial arrangement of treatments, consisting of four diets and two-removal times (from 28 to 49, and from 35 to 49 days of age) was utilized. The ...
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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of withdrawing vitamin and/or trace mineral premixes from grower and finisher diets of broilers. A 2×4 factorial arrangement of treatments, consisting of four diets and two-removal times (from 28 to 49, and from 35 to 49 days of age) was utilized. The four diets consisted of control, supplemented with vitamin (VIT) and Trace Minerals (TM)(T1); TM with no VIT supplements (T2); VIT but no TM supplements (T3); neither VIT nor TM supplements (T4). Average Weight Gain (WG) and Feed Intake (FI) were not affected by treatments of 28 to 35 days of age (P>0.05). Feed intake for T2 was lower (P>0.05) than for T1 in the 35 to 42 days of age removal time. There were no significant (P>0.05) differences observed between T1 and other treatments for this trait. Feed intakes for T1 and T3 were greater (P>0.05) than those for the other treatments during the last week of age. Feed efficiency (FE) was greater (P0.05) in comparison with the other treatments. No significant (P>0.05) differences were observed among T1, T2, and T3 for feed efficiency. During the second days of age period weight gain for T2 and T4 were lower (P>0.05) than those for T1 and T3 during the last two weeks of age. FI for T3 was greater (P>0.05) than that for the other treatments during the last week of age, but no significant (P>0.05) differences were observed between T1 and T4. FI for T1 was greater (P
sajad toghyani; ablolahad shadparvar; mohammad moradi shahr babak; mohammad dadpasand
Volume 40, Issue 2 , September 2009
Abstract
To estimate the genetic parameters for production and reproduction traits in Holstein cows, information from 15 herds recorded by Animal Breeding Center of Iran during 1980 – 2004, were employed. Estimations were made using restricted maximum likelihood method under an animal model ranging DF-REML ...
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To estimate the genetic parameters for production and reproduction traits in Holstein cows, information from 15 herds recorded by Animal Breeding Center of Iran during 1980 – 2004, were employed. Estimations were made using restricted maximum likelihood method under an animal model ranging DF-REML and MATVEC software. Estimates of heritabilities for yield traits were moderate and ranged from 0.15 (fat yield) to 0.26 (milk yield). Heritabilities for fertility traits were low, and varied between 0.04 (interval from calving to first service) to 0.07 (gestation period length). Genetic correlations between yield traits were form -0.5 (milk yield and protein percentage) to 0.81 (milk yield along with fat yield). Most genetic correlations between fertility traits were close to zero. Genetic correlation estimates among yield traits and fertility traits varied from -0.51 (open days and protein yield) to 0.96 (protein yield and calving interval). Due to antagonistic genetic correlations between fertility traits and production traits, both these traits need to be taken into account in a selection program.
mohammad razm kabir; ardeshir nejati javaremi; mohammad moradi shahr babak; amir rashidi; mohammad bagher sayad nejad
Volume 40, Issue 1 , June 2009
Abstract
Data related to Holstein dairy cattle from 1987 to 2004 were obtained from Animal Breeding Center of Iran to estimate the genetic and phenotypic trends. Variance components and genetic parameters of the first lactation records were estimated using Restricted Maximum Likelihood Method and AIREML algorithm ...
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Data related to Holstein dairy cattle from 1987 to 2004 were obtained from Animal Breeding Center of Iran to estimate the genetic and phenotypic trends. Variance components and genetic parameters of the first lactation records were estimated using Restricted Maximum Likelihood Method and AIREML algorithm through MATVEC program. Animal breeding values were predicted through multiple-trait animal model. Estimates of heritability for milk, fat and protein yields were 0.27, 0.22 and 0.25, respectively. Genetic trend was estimated as the linear regression of BLUPs of the breeding values of animals on the birth year. The estimate of genetic trend for milk yield was 33.84±2.10kg, for fat yield 0.64±0.05kg and for protein yield it was 1.00±0.08kg. Average phenotypic trend for milk, fat and protein yields were 122.28, 4.42 and 3.06 kg, respectively. Acceptable genetic improvement for milk yield, while low genetic trends for fat and protein yield were observed in Holstein cattle in Iran.
mohammad ali talebi; seyed reza miraii ashtiani; mohammad moradi shahr babak; ardeshir nejati javaremi
Volume 39, Issue 1 , February 2009
gholam ali nehzati pa qaleh; ali nikkhah; gholam hossein tahmasbi; mohammad moradi shahr babak
Volume 39, Issue 1 , February 2009
Abstract
Honeybees like the other animal creatures require proteins, fats, carbohydrates, minerals vitamins and water for their maintenance, growth and reproduction. Normally they obtain their nutritional requirements from flowers but there are times when there aren’t sufficient flowers within reach they become ...
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Honeybees like the other animal creatures require proteins, fats, carbohydrates, minerals vitamins and water for their maintenance, growth and reproduction. Normally they obtain their nutritional requirements from flowers but there are times when there aren’t sufficient flowers within reach they become in need of supplemental feeding. Some such nutritional substances as soybeans, glutens, yeasts, oilseed meals, milk powder, egg powder and others, are used as protein supplements, but their efficiency and digestibility are unknown as yet. In this research 6 diets comprised of 3 protein supplements (corn gluten, soybean meal and bakery yeast) at two levels of protein content (20 and 25%) along with 4000 kcal/kg GE of dry matter and sugar syrup (as control) were employed in a completely randomized design of 5 replicates (nucleuses). Data for body weight, carcass protein and fat percentage, as well as feed consumption were gathered and analyzed using SAS software. Results indicated that the difference between treatments was significant (P
