Effects of peptides derived from casein on performance, carcass characteristics and breast meat antioxidant property in broiler chicks

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

Abstract

This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of peptides extracted from casein on performance, carcass characteristics and antioxidant properties of breast meat on 350 male broiler chicks in a completely randomized design with 7 treatments, 5 replications and 10 birds in each replicate. Treatments included: 1) basic diet without additives (control), 2) basic diet + Avilamycin antibiotic and basic diet + levels of 200 to 1000 mg/kg peptide. The results showed that the use of peptides period had not significant effect on feed intake in any periods of the experiment. Effect of peptides on body weight gain and feed conversion ratio in starter period was not significant. In grower, treatments containing 600, 800 and 1000 and in finisher and whole periods use of 800 and 1000 mg peptides increased body weight gain in compared to control treatment (P<0.05). Adding peptides also improved feed conversion ratio in grower, finisher and whole periods of the experiment. Use of 600, 800 and 1000 mg peptides decreased abdominal fat and increased heart percentage (P<0.05). Small intestine, duodenum, jejunum and ileum percentage in treatments supplemented with peptides significantly reduced (P<0.05). Use of peptides derived from casein improved the antioxidant properties of chicken breast meat (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that use of  peptides derived from casein improved performance, decreased abdominal fat, small intestine percentages and increased breast meat stability in broiler chicks.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Extended Abstract

Introduction

   In recent years, attention to use of new feed additives such as, bioactive peptides derived from animal or plant origin in poultry diets to enhance performance and meat stability is increasing. There is not published data about effect of bioactive peptides derived from milk casein on performance and meat stability in broiler chickens. Therefore, the present research aimed to investigate the effect of casein bioactive peptides on performance, carcass characteristics, and breast and thigh meat stability in broiler chickens.

 

Materials and Methods

   In this experiment, the effects of different levels of casein bioactive peptides were investigated on performance, carcass characteristics and meat stability in 350 male broiler chicks, in a completely randomized design with seven treatments, five replicates and 10 chicks in each replicate. The experimental treatments were: basic diet without additives (control), basic diet + Avilamycin antibiotic and basic diet + levels of 200 to 1000 mg casein bioactive peptides in each kg of diet. During the experiments feed intake, body weight gain were measured in starter (1 to 10 days), grower (11 to 24 days), finisher (25 to 42 days) and whole period (1 to 42 days). Feed conversion ratio was calculated by feed intake divided to body weight gain in each period of the experiment. At 42 days of age two birds with body weight close to average body weight in each replicate were slaughtered and carcass, breast, thigh, abdominal fat, liver, heart, gizzard, spleen, bursa of fabricious, intestine weights were measured. Antioxidant activity in breast meat was measured by DDPH and FRAPS methods after 0 and 30 days storage at -18 centigrade degree. Data obtained from this experiment were analyzed as a completely randomized design by GLM procedure of SAS software. Comparison among means were performed by Duncan,s multiple range test at P<0.05.

 

Results and discussion

   The results indicated that, use of different levels of casein bioactive peptides had not significant effect on weight gain and feed conversion ratio in the starter period, but it improved weight gain and feed conversion ratio in grower, finisher and whole periods of the experiment (p<0.05). Effect of casein bioactive peptides was not significant on feed in take in different periods of the experiment. Supplementation of casein peptides had not significant effect on carcass, breast, thigh, liver and spleen percentage. Use of 600, 800 and 1000 mg peptides in each kg of diet, decreased abdominal fat, increased heart and gizzard percentages (P<0.05). Small intestine, duodenum, jejunum and ileum percentages in treatments supplemented with casein peptides significantly reduced (P<0.05). Use of peptides significantly improved the antioxidant properties and stability in breast meat after one month storage at at -18 centigrade degree (P<0.05).

 

Conclusion

    With regards to results of this study, it was concluded that, supplementation of casein bioactive peptides improved performance, breast meat stability and decreased abdominal fat percentage in broiler chickens.

 

Keywords: Casein bioactive peptides, chicks, performance, meat stability

References

Abdollahi, M. R., Zaefarian, F., Gu, Y., Xiao, W., Jia, J., & Ravindran, V. (2017). Influence of soybean bioactive peptides on growth performance, nutrient utilisation, digestive tract development and intestinal histology in broilers. Journal of Applied Animal Nutrition, 5.1-7. 
 Abdollahi, M. R., Zaefarian, F., Gu, Y., Xiao, W., Jia, J., & Ravindran, V. (2018). Influence of soybean bioactive peptides on performance, foot pad lesions and carcass characteristics in broilers. Journal of Applied Animal Nutrition, 6.
Amarowicz, R., Troszynska, A., & Shahidi, F. (2005). Antioxidant activity of almond seed extract and its fractions. Journal of food lipids, 12(4), 344-358.
AOAC, Official Methods of Analysis, 15th edn Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC,1990.
Banerjee, R., Verma, A. K., Das, A. K., Rajkumar, V., Shewalkar, A. A., & Narkhede, H. P. (2012). Antioxidant effects of broccoli powder extract in goat meat nuggets. Meat science, 91(2), 179-184.
 Bao, H., She, R., Liu, T., Zhang, Y., Peng, K. S., Luo, D., & Zhai, L. (2009). Effects of pig antibacterial peptides on growth performance and intestine mucosal immune of broiler chickens. Poultry science, 88(2), 291-297.
Bevins, C. L., & Salzman, N. H. (2011). Paneth cells, antimicrobial peptides and maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 9(5), 356-368.
Botsoglou, N. A., Fletouris, D. J., Florou-Paneri, P., Christaki, E., & Spais, A. B. (2003). Inhibition of lipid oxidation in long-term frozen stored chicken meat by dietary oregano essential oil and α-tocopheryl acetate supplementation. Food research international, 36(3), 207-213.
Chen, L., Chen, J., Ren, J., & Zhao, M. (2011). Modifications of soy protein isolates using combined extrusion pre-treatment and controlled enzymatic hydrolysis for improved emulsifying properties. Food Hydrocolloids, 25(5), 887-897.
 Dahal, I. M., & Farran, M. T. (2011). Effect of dried medicinal crops on the performance and carcase flavour of broilers. International Journal of Poultry Science, 10(2), 152-156.
Duncan, D.B. (1955). Multiple range and multiple F test. Biometrics, 11: 1-42.
Easssawy, M. M. T., Abdel-Moneim, M. A., & El-Chaghaby, G. A. (2016). The use of quinoa seeds extract as a natural antioxidant in broilers’ diets and its effect on chickens’ performance and meat quality. Journal of Animal and Poultry Production, 7(5), 173-180.
Frikha, M., Mirzaie, S., Irandoust, H., Mohiti-Asli, M., Chetrit, C., & Gonzalez Mateos, G. (2011). Growth response of broilers to lysine levels and hydrolyzed porcine digestive mucosa (Palbio) inclusion in diet from 1 to 21 d of age.
Frikha, M., Mohiti-Asli, M., Chetrit, C., & Mateos, G. G. (2014). Hydrolyzed porcine mucosa in broiler diets: effects on growth performance, nutrient retention, and histomorphology of the small intestine. Poultry science, 93(2), 400-411.
Fasseas, M. K., Mountzouris, K. C., Tarantilis, P. A., Polissiou, M., & Zervas, G. (2008). Antioxidant activity in meat treated with oregano and sage essential oils. Food chemistry, 106(3), 1188-1194.
Feng, J., Liu, X., Xu, Z. R., Wang, Y. Z., & Liu, J. X. (2007). Effects of fermented soybean meal on digestive enzyme activities and intestinal morphology in broilers. Poultry science, 86(6), 1149-1154.
Gardner, M. L., & Wood, D. (1989). Transport of peptides across the gastrointestinal tract. Biochemical Society Transactions, 17(5), 934-937
Heydarian, M. T., Jebelli Javan, A., & Jokar, M. (2015). Antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of rosemary extract on quality and shelf life of raw chicken during refrigerated storage. Research and Innovation in Food Science and Technology, 4(2), 131-142.
Hou, Y., Wu, Z., Dai, Z., Wang, G., & Wu, G. (2017). Protein hydrolysates in animal nutrition: Industrial production, bioactive peptides, and functional significance. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 8(1), 1-13.
Hwang, K. E., Choi, Y. S., Choi, S. M., Kim, H. W., Choi, J. H., Lee, M. A., & Kim, C. J. (2013). Antioxidant action of ganghwayakssuk (Artemisia princeps Pamp.) in combination with ascorbic acid to increase the shelf life in raw and deep fried chicken nuggets. Meat Science, 95(3), 593-602.
Karimzadeh, S., Rezaei, M., & Teimouri Yansari, A. T. (2016). Effects of canola bioactive peptides on performance, digestive enzyme activities, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology and gut microflora in broiler chickens. Poultry Science Journal, 4(1), 27-36.
Kim, S. K., Kim, Y. T., Byun, H. G., Nam, K. S., Joo, D. S., & Shahidi, F. (2001). Isolation and characterization of antioxidative peptides from gelatin hydrolysate of Alaska pollack skin. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 49(4), 1984-1989.
Landy, N., Kheiri, F., & Faghani, M. (2021). Effects of periodical application of bioactive peptides derived from cottonseed on performance, immunity, total antioxidant activity of serum and intestinal development of broilers. Animal Nutrition, 7(1), 134-141.
Liu, T., She, R., Wang, K., Bao, H., Zhang, Y., Luo, D., & Peng, K. (2008). Effects of rabbit sacculus rotundus antimicrobial peptides on the intestinal mucosal immunity in chickens. Poultry science, 87(2), 250-254.
McCalla, J., Waugh, T., & Lohry, E. (2008). Protein hydrolysates/peptides in animal nutrition. Protein hydrolysates in biotechnology, 179-190.
Mateos, G. G., Mohiti-Asli, M., Borda, E., Mirzaie, S., & Frikha, M. (2014). Effect of inclusion of porcine mucosa hydrolysate in diets varying in lysine content on growth performance and ileal histomorphology of broilers. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 187, 53-60.
Oyaizu, M. (1986). Studies on products of browning reaction: Antioxidative activities of products of browning reaction prepared from glucosamine. Jpn J Nutr, 44:307-315. 
Parveen, R., Khan, M. I., Anjum, F. M., & Sheikh, M. A. (2015). Antioxidant potential and storage stability of broiler leg meat fed on extruded flaxseed and α-tocopherol acetate. Pak J Life Soc Sci, 13, 170-176.
Prior, R. L., Wu, X., & Schaich, K. (2005). Standardized methods for the determination of antioxidant capacity and phenolics in foods and dietary supplements. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 53(10), 4290-4302.
SAS (Statistical Analysis System), (2004). SAS/STAT users gulde: statistics. Version 9.2. Ed. SAS institute., Inc Cary, Nc. USA.
Shahidi, F., & Zhong, Y. (2015). Measurement of antioxidant activity. Journal of functional foods, 18, 757-781. Wang, Y., Li, J., Dai, X., Wang, Z., Ni, X., Zeng, D., ... & Pan, K. (2022). Effects of antimicrobial peptides Gal-13 on the growth performance, intestinal microbiota, digestive enzyme activities, intestinal morphology, antioxidative activities, and immunity of broilers. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 1-12.
Wang, Y., Li, J., Dai, X., Wang, Z., Ni, X., Zeng, D., & Pan, K. (2022). Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides Gal-13 on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Microbiota, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Intestinal Morphology, Antioxidative Activities, and Immunity of Broilers. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 1-12.
Yasin, M., Asghar, A., Anjum, F. M., Butt, M. S., Khan, M. I., Arshad, M. S., ... & Shibamoto, T. (2012). Oxidative stability enhancement of broiler bird meats with α-lipoic acid and α-tocopherol acetate supplemented feed. Food Chemistry, 131(3), 768-773.
Iranian Journal of animal Science
Volume 54, Issue 4
December 2023
Pages 367-378

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 25 July 2022
  • Revise Date: 01 September 2022
  • Accept Date: 19 September 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics