Somayeh Sharifi; Abbas Pakdel; Esmaeil Ebrahimie
Abstract
Identification of disease-causing genes that underlie complex traits such as susceptibility to disease not only can improve diagnosis and the prevention of illness, but also help breeder to select resistance animals against diseases. In the current study to aim the higher power of statistical analysis ...
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Identification of disease-causing genes that underlie complex traits such as susceptibility to disease not only can improve diagnosis and the prevention of illness, but also help breeder to select resistance animals against diseases. In the current study to aim the higher power of statistical analysis to identification of genes and biological pathways related to mastitis disease, we used Fisher meta-analysis to combine p-values obtained from individual analysis of datasets extracted from 6 microarray-based studies which investigate transcriptomic data of mammary gland tissue infected by Escherichia coli (E. coli) in dairy cows. Identification of genes that did not show a significant p-value in any of the independent studies may confirm the aim and lead to introduce a more complete set of biological pathways involved in this disease such as the pathways related to immune response, inflammation, proteolysis, growth, and death of cell. Positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, is new pathways related to this disease which despite of the enrichment by maximum number of up-regulated genes in this study, have not been reported in previous mastitis studies.
Bita Abbasi Moshaii; Ghodrat Rahimi-Mianji; Ardeshir Nejai-Javaremi; Mohammad hosein Moradi; Sven Konig
Abstract
Domestication and selection has changed behavioral and phenotypic characteristics in modern domestic animals significantly. The selection of animals by humans left detectable signatures on the genome of modern cattle. The identification of these signals can help us to improve the genetic characteristics ...
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Domestication and selection has changed behavioral and phenotypic characteristics in modern domestic animals significantly. The selection of animals by humans left detectable signatures on the genome of modern cattle. The identification of these signals can help us to improve the genetic characteristics of economically important traits in cattle. Nowadays, mastitis is one of the main economically important diseases in dairy cattle that mostly caused by intense selection for milk production in recent decades. In this study the genomic regions associated with mastitis, the genomic data of national project in Germany Holstein dairy cattle was used to identify. The samples were genotyped using Illumina Bovine 50K SNP. 133 case and 133 control cows were chosen for investigating of selection signatures using Theta (θ) population differentiation statistics. With 99.90 percentile threshold of the obtained Theta (θ) values, 10 genomic regions on chromosomes 1 (2 regions), 3, 5, 6, 14 (2 regions), 21 (2 regions) and 28 were identified. Further investigation using bioinformatics tools showed these genomic regions overlapped with the genes associated with immune system, autoimmune diseases, different type of cancers expressly breast cancer and milk production. In conclusion, the results of this study may provide an important source to facilitate the identification of genomic regions and then, the genes affecting mastitis in dairy cows.
Morteza Mansooryar; Hamidreza Mirzaei Alamouti; Mehdi Dehghan-Banadaky
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between calving body condition score (BCS) as well as first and second milk test postpartum with clinical and subclinical mastitis prevalence. After calving 117 multiparous cows were divided to two groups based on their BCS as fat and normal conditioned ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between calving body condition score (BCS) as well as first and second milk test postpartum with clinical and subclinical mastitis prevalence. After calving 117 multiparous cows were divided to two groups based on their BCS as fat and normal conditioned and milk samples were taken in week one and two postpartum. The results showed BCS at calving time had no significant relationships with udder health. Milk protein and fat had significant associations with udder health in week 1 and 2 postpartum; however in none of weeks no meaningful relationships were found between milk fat to protein ratio with udder inflammation. Therefore, calving BCS and fat to protein ratio are not reliable markers for clinical or subclinical mastitis incidence; however milk fat and protein in week 1 and 2 postpartum can be used as proper markers for predicting subclinical mastitis in dairy cows at early lactation.
Hadi Atashi; Mohammad Moradi Shar e Babak; Hassan Mehrabani-Yegane; Seyed Reza Miraei-Ashtiani; Ghodratollah Rahimi-Mianji
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association of bovine leukocyte antigen-DRB3 alleles with peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation in response to Staphylococcus aureus. The animals included in this study (n=347) were approximately of same age and comprised of F2 Holstein-Friesian ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the association of bovine leukocyte antigen-DRB3 alleles with peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation in response to Staphylococcus aureus. The animals included in this study (n=347) were approximately of same age and comprised of F2 Holstein-Friesian ´ Charolais (n = 155), Holstein-Friesian backcross (F0 Holstein-Friesian dams crossed with unrelated F1 sires, n = 60), Charolais backcross (F1 dams crossed with F0 Charolais sire, n=46) and pure Holstein-Friesian (n = 86). A sequence-based typing method was used in order to determine the genotype of the animals at BoLA-DRB3 locus and a linear mixed model was used to evaluate the association of bovine leukocyte antigen-DRB3 alleles with peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation. Beside the BoLA-DRB3 alleles, fixed effects of genetic group and gender and random effect of sires were included into the statistical model. In this research, 27 alleles were found for BoLA-DRB3 gene. The results showed that alleles BoLA-DRB3*0101 and BoLA-DRB3*0902 significantly affected on the stimulation index of S. aureus–induced peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation (P<0.05). The results may be useful for investigating the biological mechanism of immune response against S. aureus.
Parisa Ghasemi Khani; Heydar Ghiasi; Ali Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi
Abstract
The objective of this study was to estimate variance components, genetic and phenotypic trends for somatic cell score. Dataset that collected by the Animal Breeding Center of Iran was used in this study. Data file included 850,729 test day records of somatic cell counts (SCC) on 32,955 cows from ...
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The objective of this study was to estimate variance components, genetic and phenotypic trends for somatic cell score. Dataset that collected by the Animal Breeding Center of Iran was used in this study. Data file included 850,729 test day records of somatic cell counts (SCC) on 32,955 cows from lactations one to four, in 472 herds, gathered from years 2002 to 2013 in Iran. A test day repeatability animal model was used to estimate the genetic parameters and variance components using ASReml. The heritability was estimated 0.176. Estimated repeatability (± SE) for within (rwit) and between (racr) parities were 0.362 ± 0.006 and 0.230 ± 0.002, respectively. The genetic and phenotypic trend based on regression of average breeding values of SCS on year of birth, was -0.0246 and -0.047, respectively. This trend could be due to genetic improvement and mastitis management control programs that are widely being used across the dairy farms in country.
Mohammad Moradi Shahre Babak; hasan mehrabani
Abstract
Potential relationships between amino acid motifs in the antigen binding groove of various alleles of the bovine major histocompatibility complex DR (BoLA-DR) molecule and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) proliferation, in response to S. aureus and phytohemaglutinin, were investigated. The animals ...
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Potential relationships between amino acid motifs in the antigen binding groove of various alleles of the bovine major histocompatibility complex DR (BoLA-DR) molecule and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) proliferation, in response to S. aureus and phytohemaglutinin, were investigated. The animals included in the study were approximately of the same age and comprised of pure Holstein-Friesian (n = 86), F2 Holstein-Friesian Charolais (n = 155), Holstein-Friesian backcross (F0 Holstein-Friesian dams crossed with unrelated F1 sires, n = 60), Charolais backcross (F1 dams crossed with F0Charolais sire, n = 46). To determine BoLA-DRB3 alleles of the animals, a sequence-based typing method was employed. The amino acid sequence data encode various BoLA-DRB3 alleles, presented at the latest BoLA workshop, were utilized to determine the residues involved in the formation of the pockets in the antigen binding groove of various alleles of the BoLA-DR molecules. A linear mixed model was utilized to evaluate the potential relationships between amino acid motifs in the antigen-binding groove of various alleles of BoLA-DR molecule and PBMC proliferation.
Maryam Safdari Shahroudi; Abbas Pakdel; Seyed Reza Miraei Ashtiani
Volume 41, Issue 4 , March 2011, , Pages 381-390
Abstract
Genetic and phenotypic parameters related to production traits, udder conformation and somatic cell count for the Iranian Holstein cows were estimated. Monthly records of somatic cell counts (SCC) were primarily transformed into somatic cell scores (SCS) and the the average level of lactation period, ...
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Genetic and phenotypic parameters related to production traits, udder conformation and somatic cell count for the Iranian Holstein cows were estimated. Monthly records of somatic cell counts (SCC) were primarily transformed into somatic cell scores (SCS) and the the average level of lactation period, with correction for milk volume, was calculated. By use of these estimates an udder health index for Iranian Holstein cows was proposed which consisted of LSCS, fore teat placement as well as udder depth. This index indicates that selection for lower values of LSCS, lower udder depth and closer teats should result in increased mastitis resistance. At the end, a restricted selection index method was employed to compare different selection strategies and to obtain proper weight for mastitis in the breeding goal. Through the definition of the different breeding goals, the simultaneous genetic progress for milk yield as well as the resistance to mastitis were explored. It was finally revealed that with selection for milk yield only, susceptibility to mastitis will increase. But by inclusion of mastitis phenomenon in the breeding program, it would be possible (in the meantime that a continuation of increase in annual milk production is planned) to stop the increase in the trend of mastitis spread.
