The combined effects of sesame meal bioactive peptides and plant essential oils on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune and hematological parameters in broiler chickens

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of bioactive peptides of sesame meal alone or with a mixture of savory essential oil (Satureja khuzestanica) and thyme (Thymus daenensis) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune and blood parameters in broiler chickens. A total of 250 male broiler chickens was used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 repetitions. The treatments included a control diet and a control diet with 0.5 gr/kg antibiotic, 0.5 gr/kg essential oil, 3 gr/kg sesame bio active peptide and a combination of 3 gr/kg sesame bioactive peptide and 0.5 gr/kg essential oil. The results showed that body weight gain in the treatments containing bioactive peptide mixture of sesame and plant essential oil were better than the control. Bioactive peptides increased crude protein digestibility in broilers. The change of the antibody concentration of viral diseases related to Gumboro disease in 42 days for the experimental treatments was significant compared to the control group (p<0.05). The highest and lowest antibody titers against Gumboro disease were observed in treatment 5 of bioactive peptide mixture of sesame and plant essential oil and treatment 2 containing antibiotics, respectively. In relation to blood cholesterol concentration, the lowest concentration was related to treatment 3 containing plant essential oil and the highest concentration was related to the control. In conclusion, the combination of bioactive peptide of sesame and plant essential oil with a positive effect on nutrient digestibility improves growth performance in broiler chickens.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Extended Abstract

Introduction

Today, the beneficial effects of bioactive peptides in broiler nutrition has been focused. Bioactive peptides are products that are originated from hydrolysis of animal or plant proteins sources. On the other hand, the essential oils are aromatic oily liquids obtained from plant material including flowers, buds, seeds or roots, which are used as feed or food additives. Considering the antioxidant properties of savory oil as well as the antimicrobial properties of thyme oil, it is assumed that the combination of them may have beneficial effects on chicken performance. However, there is no data in term of the combination of bioactive peptides with savory and thyme essential oils on broiler performance. Therefore, the current study was aimed to obtain the results of a combination between sesam meal peptides and essential oils on growth parameters, jejunal morphology and microbiota activity of broiler chickens.

 

Materials and methods

In the present experiment, bioactive peptides were obtained from sesame meal and Savory and thyme crops were harvested at full flowering stage from Kashan and Semirom regions (Iran), respectively. A total number of 250-day-old Ross broiler chicks (male sex) were randomly distributed into 5 dietary treatments with 5 replicates of 10 birds. The diatary treatments were a corn-soybean meal based diet as control; control diet supplemented with 0.5 g/kg of Bacitracin, 3 g/kg of sesame meal peptides, 0.5 g/kg of a mixture of savory and thyme essential oils, and combination of 3 g/kg of sesame meal peptides and 0.5 g/kg of essential oils. Growth performance variables, nutrient digestibility and serum metabolites have been measured in the present study and all data were analyzed using SAS software.

 

Results and discussion

During days 1 to 42, body weight gain of the broilers was influenced by experimental diets compared to control group (P < 0.05). In nutrient digestibility, the ileal digestibility coefficient of protein was more in broilers fed with diet supplemented with bioactive peptides (P<0.05). Except for Gumboro titer, experimental treatments had no significant effect on the immune system variables in broiler chickens. In serum metabolites, the lowest concentration of cholesterol was observed in the birds which received essential oils supplemented diet compared to control group (P < 0.05).

 

Conclusions

In conclusion, dietary sesam meal bioactive peptides alone or in combination with essential oils increased body weight gain in broilers chickens during 1 to 42 days of age. In addition, essential oils may have beneficial impact on some blood metabolites in broilers. According to the results, addition of sesame meal bioactive peptides to the diet increased the ileal digestibility of crude protein in broiler chickens.

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Iranian Journal of animal Science
Volume 54, Issue 2
June 2023
Pages 175-186

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History

  • Receive Date: 28 September 2022
  • Revise Date: 03 November 2022
  • Accept Date: 06 November 2022

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