Phenotypic analysis of abortion incidence in Iranian Holstein cows

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran

2 Assistant Professors, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran

Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the incidence of abortion based on different definitions and, the effect of climate and herd size on abortion as well as its phenotypic trend. Using calving records collected from 16 dairy herds from years 2004 through 2014. Incidence rate and analysis of affecting factors on abortion were done using the FREQ and GENMOD procedures of SAS software, respectively. According to the definition of abortion as death and expulsion of fetus between 60-260 d, 100-260 d or 150-260 d of pregnancy, overall abortion incidence was 15.5%, 11.25% and 6.6%, respectively. Herd size, climate, parity, year and season of calving as well as the interaction of calving year × season and climate × calving year were associated with abortion (P < 0.001). Greatest abortion incidence was observed for second parity cows (28.7%). The highest and lowest rates of abortion (16.0 vs. 14.5%) happened in the mild and cold climate, respectively. Also, the larger herds, with more than 3000 cows, had almost 1% higher abortion incidence than smaller herds, with less than 1000 cows. The average rate of abortion incidence was highest in the spring and lowest in the autumn (17.8 vs. 13.5 %). According to the regression of least squares means on calving year, abortion incidence showed a positive and significant trend (P < 0.003) by 0.4 per year. The results of this study can be used in the analysis of management practices to control abortion.

Keywords

References

  1. Alves, D., McEwen, B., Hazlett, H., Maxie, G. & Anderson, N. (1996). Trends in bovine abortions submitted to the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, 1993-1995. Canadian Veterinary Journal, 37, 287-28.
  2. Agricultural Jihad Organization. Inforation and Comunication Technology Center. http://amar.maj.ir/Portal/Home/Default.aspx?CategoryID=117564e0-507c-4565-9659-fbabfb4acb9b.
  3. Carpenter, T. E., Chrièl, M., Andersen, M. M., Wulfson, L., M.Jensen, A., Houe, H. & Greiner, M. )2006(. An epidemiologic study of late-term abortion in dairy cattle in Denmark, July 2000–August 2003. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 77, 215-229.
  4. De Vreis, A. (2006). Economic value of pregnancy in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 89, 3876-3885.
  5. De Vries, A. & Risco, C. A. (2005). Trends and seasonality of reproductive performance in Florida and Georgia dairy herds from 1976to 2002. Journal of Dairy Science, 88, 3155-3165.
  6. Damman, A., Viet, A. F., Arnoux, S., Guerrier-Chatellet, M. C., Petit, E. & Ezanno, P. (2015). Modelling the spread of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in a beef cattle herd and its impact on herd productivity. Veterinary Research, 46, 1-14.
  7. Ettema, J. F. & Santos, J. E. P. (2004). Impact of age at calving on lactation, reproduction, health, and income in first-parity Holsteins on commercial farms. Journal of Dairy Science, 87, 2730-2742.
  8. Forar, A. L., Gay, J. W., Hancock, D. D. & Gay, C. C. (1996). Fetal loss frequency in ten Holstein dairyherds. Theriogenology, 45, 1505-1513.
  9. Hassanpour, A., Fartashvand, M., Abdollahpour, Gh. R., Mogaddam, Gh. A., Nadalia, M. Gh. &Sattari, S. (2007). Seroprevalence of leptospiral infection in dairy herds in Tabriz–Iran. Pajohesh-va-Sazandegi, 19, 67-77.
  10. Hovingh, E. (2009). Abortions in dairy cattle: I. Common causes of abortions. Virginia Coop. Ext. Publ. 404-288. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg.
  11. Jamaluddin, A.A., Case, J.T., Hird, D.W., Blanchard, P. C., Peauroi, J. R. & Anderson, M. L. (1996). Dairy cattle abortion in California: Evaluation of diagnostic laboratory data. Journal Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 8, 210-218.
  12. Kalili, A. (2004). Proposed a climatic categorized system based on heating and cooling needs and applying on Iran range. In: Proceeding of 3rd Conference on Energy Conservation in Building, 15-16 Feb., Tehran, Iran, pp. 70-83. (in Farsi)
  13. Khodakaram-Tafti, A. & Ikede, B. O. (2005). A retrospective study of sporadic bovine abortions, stillbirths, and neonatal abnormalities in Atlantic Canada, from 1990 to 2001. Canadian Veterinary Journal, 46, 635-637.
  14. Kinsel, M. L. )1999(. An epidemiological approach to investigating abortion problems in dairy herds. In: Proceedings of 32nd Annual Conference, American Association Bovine Practitioners, 23-26 Sept, Nashville, United State, pp. 152-160.
  15. Kirk, J. H. (2003). Infectious abortions in dairy cows. Veterinary Medical Extension, Fact Sheet, University of California, Davis. Accessed Sep. 21, 2011, from http://www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/vetext/INF-DA/Abortion.pdf.
  16. Melendez, P. & Pinedo, P. (2007). The Association between Reproductive Performance and Milk Yield in Chilean Holstein Cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 90, 184-192.
  17. Moeir, F., Ataei, A., Mosa-Khani, F. & Bahonar, A. (2012). Pathologic findings of aborted fetuses in dairy farms around Tehran. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Research, 2(3), 155-166. (in Farsi)
  18. Moller, K., Newling, P. E., Robson, H. J., Jansen, G. J. & Meursinge, J. A. (1967). A survey of abortions and long return intervalsin dairy herds in the Huntly district. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 15, 137-142.
  19. Mostafavi, E. & Asmand, M. (2012).Trend of Brucellosis in Iran from 1991 to 2008. Iranian Journal of Epidemiology, 8(1), 93-100. (in Farsi)
  20. Murray, R. D. (1990). A field investigation of causes of abortion in dairy cattle. Veterinary Record, 127, 543-547.
  21. Norman, H. D., Miller, R. H., Wright, J. R., Hutchison, J. L. & Olson, K. M. (2012). Factors associated with frequency of abortions recorded through dairy herd improvement test plans. Journal of Dairy Science, 95, 4074-4084.
  22. Peter, A. T. (2000). Abortions in dairy cows: New insights and economic impact. Advances in Dairy Technology, Western Canadian Dairy Seminar, 12, 233-244.
  23. Plaizier, J. C. B., King, G. J., Dekkers, J. C. M. & Lissemore, K. (1997). Estimation of economic value of indices for reproductive performance in dairy herds using computer simulation. Journal of Dairy Science, 80, 2775-2783.
  24. Rafati, N., Mehrabani-Yeganeh, H. & Hanson, T. E. (2010). Risk factors for abortion in dairy cows from commercial Holstein dairyherds in the Tehran region. Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 96, 170-178.
  25. Rahimi-Andani, M., Mahdavi, A. H., Rahmani, H. R. & Dolatkhah, B. (2014). Evaluation of some metabolic and pathophysiologic causes of abortion and stillbirth in an Isfahan dairy farm. Animal Science Researches, 25, 27-51.
  26. Rodriguez-Martinez, H., Hultgren, J., Båge1, R., Bergqvist1, A. S., Svensson, C., Bergsten, C., Lidfors, L., Gunnarsson, S., Algers, B., Emanuelson, U., Berglund, B., Andersson, G., Håård, M., Lindhé, B., Stålhammar, H. & Gustafsson, H. (2008). Reproductive performance in high-producing dairy cows: Can we sustain it under current practice? IVIS Reviews in Veterinary Medicine, I.V.I.S. (3Ed.). International Veterinary Information Service, Ithaca NY, USA (www.ivis.org). 1, 1-23.
  27. Ronchi, B., Stradaioli, G., Verini-Supplizi, A., Bernabucci, U., Lacetera, N., AccorsI, P. A., Nardone, A. & Seren, E. (2001). Influence of heat stress or feed restriction on plasma progesterone, oestradiol-17 beta, LH, FSH, prolactin and cortisol in Holstein heifers. Livestock Production Science, 68, 231-241.
  28. Ryan, E. G., Leonard, N., O’Grady, L., Doherty, M. L. & More, S. J. (2012). Herd-level risk factors associated with Leptospira Hardjo seroprevalence in Beef/Suckler herds in the Republic of Ireland. Irish Veterinary Journal, 65, 2-10.
  29. Samia-Kalantari, A., Mehrabani-Yeganeh, H. & Moradi, M. (2008). Evaluation of Economic Losses Due to Abortion and Decision Making Process for Culling Aborted Cow. M.Sc. Thesis. Animal Science Department, University of Tehran, Iran. (in Farsi)
  30. Thurmond, M. C., Branscum, A. J., Johnson, W. O., Bedrick, E. J. & Hanson, T. E. (2005). Predicting the probability of abortion in dairy cows: a hierarchical Bayesian logistic-survival model using sequential pregnancy data. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 68, 223-239.
  31. Thurmond, M. C., Picanso, J. P. & Jameson, C. M. (1990b). Considerations for use of descriptive epidemiology to investigate fetal loss in dairy cows. Journal of American veterinary Medical Association, 197, 1305-1312.
  32. Thurmond, M. C., Picanso, J. P. & Hietala, S. K. (1990a). Prospective serology and analysis in diagnosis of dairy cow abortion. Journal Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2, 274-282.
  33. Wright, J. & Sattler, J. D. (2008). Several factors affect abortion frequency in U.S. dairy herds. www.dhia.org/dairy%20cattle%20abortion%20factors.pdf.
  34. National Iranian Gas Company (NIGC). (2002). New category of different cities based on the climate. Retrieved May 10, 2013 from http://www.nigc.ir/Portal/home/ShowPage.aspx?Object=NEWS&CategoryID=d3e54e0a-c2cc-4f84-82ec-99114491e40d&WebPartID=6b6989e7-a627-4c21-a34b-adc0bc78e50b&ID=42198d39-ec9f-460b-a736-2d708e6f6539.
Iranian Journal of animal Science
Volume 47, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
December 2016
Pages 409-419

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 05 December 2015
  • Revise Date: 21 February 2016
  • Accept Date: 08 July 2016

Share

How to cite

Statistics