Analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphism in the CXCR1 gene and its association with milk quality traits in different cattle breeds

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

2 Associate professor of Animal Breeding and Genetic, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.

Abstract

The CXCR1 gene is associated with milk production and mastitis resistance/sensitivity in dairy cows. This study aimed to identify polymorphisms in the CXCR1 gene and their association with milk quality traits in Holstein, Sistani, and Sistani×Simmental crossbred cows. Over three months, blood and milk samples were collected from 27 cows (10 Sistani, 10 Holstein, and 7 Sistani×Simmental). Milk components, including fat, protein, lactose, and solids-not-fat percentages, were measured. DNA was extracted using an optimized salting-out method, and a 594 bp fragment of the CXCR1 gene was amplified and sequenced via the Sanger method. Polymorphic regions were identified, and genetic structures were analyzed using MEGA11 and Dnasp5 software. Multiple linear regression and GLM procedures in SAS 9.4 were used to assess associations with milk quality traits. Results indicated limited genetic diversity in the CXCR1 gene among breeds, with Holsteins showing the highest divergence. Ten polymorphic sites and five amino acid changes were identified, with a dN/dS ratio of 1.63, suggesting natural selection's role in gene evolution. Notably, variants in the SNP230 region significantly correlated with fat, lactose, and solids-not-fat percentages in milk. These findings underscore the CXCR1 gene's potential in enhancing dairy cattle breeding programs. The results of this study can be considered in breeding strategies.

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Iranian Journal of animal Science

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 26 August 2025

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History

  • Receive Date: 09 June 2025
  • Revise Date: 16 July 2025
  • Accept Date: 03 August 2025

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