پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 Evaluation different levels of soy lecithin on in vitro preservation of turkey sperm Evaluation different levels of soy lecithin on in vitro preservation of turkey sperm 479 487 101461 10.22059/ijas.2025.384000.654031 FA Armin Towhidi Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran. Karaj. Iran Touba Nadri Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University Journal Article 2024 10 29 This study was conducted in order to investigate different levels of soy lecithin in semen diluent on the qualitative characteristics of turkey sperm in in vitro storage conditions. Semen samples were collected from five heavy turkeys of the French bronze breed at the age of 36 weeks. After initial evaluations (more than 70% dilution), they were mixed together and divided into four equal parts, and each part was diluted with one of the following diluents: 1) Control medium (10% egg yolk), 2) medium containing 1% lecithin, 3) medium containing 2% lecithin, 4) medium containing 3% lecithin. Different sperm parameters including total and progressive motility, integrity and plasma membrane activity were evaluated 3 hours after storage at 4°C. According to the obtained results, egg yolk-based medium and medium containing 2% lecithin showed the highest percentage of total motility (77.5%). Egg yolk-based medium showed the highest percentage of progressive motility (61.5%). However, there was no significant difference with other treatments. The results of the membrane activity showed that the treatment containing 2% lecithin showed the highest percentage with a significant difference compared to other treatments (85%) (P<0.05). Also, the evaluation of sperm viability and morphology was not affected by the treatments. Therefore, it seems that the egg yolk-based medium and the medium containing 2% soy lecithin reduce the negative effects of in vitro storage of turkey sperm at 4°C. This study was conducted in order to investigate different levels of soy lecithin in semen diluent on the qualitative characteristics of turkey sperm in in vitro storage conditions. Semen samples were collected from five heavy turkeys of the French bronze breed at the age of 36 weeks. After initial evaluations (more than 70% dilution), they were mixed together and divided into four equal parts, and each part was diluted with one of the following diluents: 1) Control medium (10% egg yolk), 2) medium containing 1% lecithin, 3) medium containing 2% lecithin, 4) medium containing 3% lecithin. Different sperm parameters including total and progressive motility, integrity and plasma membrane activity were evaluated 3 hours after storage at 4°C. According to the obtained results, egg yolk-based medium and medium containing 2% lecithin showed the highest percentage of total motility (77.5%). Egg yolk-based medium showed the highest percentage of progressive motility (61.5%). However, there was no significant difference with other treatments. The results of the membrane activity showed that the treatment containing 2% lecithin showed the highest percentage with a significant difference compared to other treatments (85%) (P<0.05). Also, the evaluation of sperm viability and morphology was not affected by the treatments. Therefore, it seems that the egg yolk-based medium and the medium containing 2% soy lecithin reduce the negative effects of in vitro storage of turkey sperm at 4°C.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_101461_25cec073d943a28a970fd05e656f7cf6.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 The effects of feeding different levels of Lipidol as starter feed additive on growth performance, health, fat digestibility and blood and ruminal parameters of Holstein calves The effects of feeding different levels of Lipidol as starter feed additive on growth performance, health, fat digestibility and blood and ruminal parameters of Holstein calves 489 507 101462 10.22059/ijas.2025.384035.654033 FA Sadegh Farzi Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Mehdi Dehghan Banadaky Department of animal science- faculty of agriculture and natural resources- University of Tehran, Karaj. Iran Kamran Rezayazdi Department of animal science- faculty of agriculture and natural resources- University of Tehran- Karaj- Iran Mehdi Ganjkhanlou Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Masoud Alimirzaei Aras-Dam Arsham Co., poldasht, west Azarbayjan, Iran Journal Article 2024 11 09 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding different levels of lipidol (containing active lysophospholipids and lecithin) as starter feed additive on performance of Holstein calves. Forty colostrum fed calves from 3 days of age were randomly assigned to a completely randomized design on d 3 of age. Treatments included starter feed without lipidol (STL0) and 0.05% (STL0.5), 0.1% (STL1) and 0.2% (STL2) lipidol as DM basis. All calves were housed individually and had free access to starter feed and fresh water throughout the study. Dry matter intake from starter diet was greater in STL2 group than the other groups (p = 0.04) throughout the study. Fat digestibility increased linearly as the lipidol concentration increased, with significant difference between STL2 and control groups ( P < 0.05). Average daily gain (ADG) tended to be significant difference in calves fed STL0.5 and STL2 diet (p= 0.08 ) during the early post weaning period. Glucose concentration tended to be increased in STL2 calves relative to other counterparts (p = 0.08). Also, a greater concentration of total protein and albumin was found for STL2 calves on d 28. Control calves had elevated levels of NEFA in the plasma samples than those fed lipidol additive on d 60 of study, indicating the effectiveness of this additive on fat metabolism and energy. Overall, it can be concluded that supplementing pre-weaned calves starter diet with 0.2 % lipidol as DM may improve the performance of calves during pre and early post-weaning periods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding different levels of lipidol (containing active lysophospholipids and lecithin) as starter feed additive on performance of Holstein calves. Forty colostrum fed calves from 3 days of age were randomly assigned to a completely randomized design on d 3 of age. Treatments included starter feed without lipidol (STL0) and 0.05% (STL0.5), 0.1% (STL1) and 0.2% (STL2) lipidol as DM basis. All calves were housed individually and had free access to starter feed and fresh water throughout the study. Dry matter intake from starter diet was greater in STL2 group than the other groups (p = 0.04) throughout the study. Fat digestibility increased linearly as the lipidol concentration increased, with significant difference between STL2 and control groups ( P < 0.05). Average daily gain (ADG) tended to be significant difference in calves fed STL0.5 and STL2 diet (p= 0.08 ) during the early post weaning period. Glucose concentration tended to be increased in STL2 calves relative to other counterparts (p = 0.08). Also, a greater concentration of total protein and albumin was found for STL2 calves on d 28. Control calves had elevated levels of NEFA in the plasma samples than those fed lipidol additive on d 60 of study, indicating the effectiveness of this additive on fat metabolism and energy. Overall, it can be concluded that supplementing pre-weaned calves starter diet with 0.2 % lipidol as DM may improve the performance of calves during pre and early post-weaning periods.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_101462_13feabb52796495d3270b31e48cba227.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 Influence of feeding processed cottonseed on pH, protozoa, volatile fatty acids, Activity of Cellulolytic Enzyme and urinary purine derivatives in fattening lambs Influence of feeding processed cottonseed on pH, protozoa, volatile fatty acids, Activity of Cellulolytic Enzyme and urinary purine derivatives in fattening lambs 509 527 99617 10.22059/ijas.2024.384087.654032 FA Mahboobeh Shahi Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran Taghi Ghoorchi Department of Animal and Poultry nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. Abdolhakim Toghdory Department of Animal and Poultry nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. 0000-0002-5198-1940 Seyed Hadi Ebrahimi Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Journal Article 2024 10 26 The study was conducted to investigate the effect of processed cottonseed feeding on pH, protozoa population, volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid, carboxymethyl cellulase and microcrystalline cellulase enzyme activity, urinary purine derivatives. For this purpose 40 Afshari male lambs, (4-6 months old) with an average weight of 27.6±4 kg, were assigned randomly to four treatments with ten replications for 84 days. Experimental treatments included: 1) diet containing whole cottonseed, 2) diet containing ground cottonseed, 3) diet containing micronized cottonseed and 4) diet containing cottonseed washed with sodium hydroxide. Sampling of rumen fluid was done in the last week of the experimental period. In order to estimate microbial protein, urine was collected for 1days. The results of the experiment showed that cotton seed processing had no significant effect on protozoan activity. However, cotton seed processing had a significant difference (P<0.05) on rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen. Cottonseed processing had a significant effect on acetic acid and propionic acid. There was no significant difference in the activity of microcrystalline cellulase and carboxymethyl cellulase in all sections between the control treatment and other treatments. With cottonseed processing, there was no significant difference in the amount of absorbed, excreted and absorbed purine derivatives, microbial protein production in the rumen and microbial nitrogen produced among different treatments. Findings show that micronized cottonseed processing and sodium hydroxide has increased the daily weight and improved the feed conversion ratio, and as a result, it can be recommended in the diet of fattening lambs. The study was conducted to investigate the effect of processed cottonseed feeding on pH, protozoa population, volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid, carboxymethyl cellulase and microcrystalline cellulase enzyme activity, urinary purine derivatives. For this purpose 40 Afshari male lambs, (4-6 months old) with an average weight of 27.6±4 kg, were assigned randomly to four treatments with ten replications for 84 days. Experimental treatments included: 1) diet containing whole cottonseed, 2) diet containing ground cottonseed, 3) diet containing micronized cottonseed and 4) diet containing cottonseed washed with sodium hydroxide. Sampling of rumen fluid was done in the last week of the experimental period. In order to estimate microbial protein, urine was collected for 1days. The results of the experiment showed that cotton seed processing had no significant effect on protozoan activity. However, cotton seed processing had a significant difference (P<0.05) on rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen. Cottonseed processing had a significant effect on acetic acid and propionic acid. There was no significant difference in the activity of microcrystalline cellulase and carboxymethyl cellulase in all sections between the control treatment and other treatments. With cottonseed processing, there was no significant difference in the amount of absorbed, excreted and absorbed purine derivatives, microbial protein production in the rumen and microbial nitrogen produced among different treatments. Findings show that micronized cottonseed processing and sodium hydroxide has increased the daily weight and improved the feed conversion ratio, and as a result, it can be recommended in the diet of fattening lambs.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_99617_81ee532dce7cb3e57775489abe967e76.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 Determine the appropriate age based on carcass characteristics of feedlot Afshari lambs after weaning period Determine the appropriate age based on carcass characteristics of feedlot Afshari lambs after weaning period 529 544 101468 10.22059/ijas.2025.388629.654053 FA Seyyed Saeid Mousavi Animal Science Research Department, Zanjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Zanjan, Iran Hamid Amanlou Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran Journal Article 2025 01 13 The present study was conducted to determine the appropriate fattening age for Afshari lambs. For this purpose, 24 male Afshari lambs were divided into four age groups (60, 90, 120, and 150 days) with average initial weights of 22.83 kg, 27.73 kg, 36.30 kg, and 42.55 kg, respectively, in a completely randomized design. The objective of this experiment, based on a previous study, was to achieve a slaughter weight of 50 kg in the shortest possible time. The results showed that the average slaughter age of the experimental groups differed significantly, with lambs fattened at 60 and 90 days of age having a lower slaughter age compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). The effect of fattening start age on weight gain was significant, with the 90-day group showing the highest daily weight gain (333 grams) (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in dry matter intake among the experimental groups, with the lowest intake observed in the 60-day group (1.31 kg), which increased with age (P < 0.0001). As the fattening start age increased, the feed conversion ratio significantly increased, with the highest value in the 150-day group (7.72) and the lowest in the 90-day group (4.48) (P = 0.0003). Neck weight differed significantly among the groups, with values of 0.848 kg, 0.693 kg, 0.975 kg, and 0.770 kg for the first, second, third, and fourth groups, respectively (P < 0.0001). The weights of the shoulder, breast, thigh, and loin were similar among the groups and did not differ significantly. However, the weight of the tail fat was significantly higher in the 60- and 90-day groups compared to the 120- and 150-day groups (3.063 kg and 3.200 kg vs. 2.085 kg and 2.427 kg, respectively) (P = 0.0029). Hot carcass weight and cold half-carcass weight did not differ statistically, but the highest cold carcass weight was observed in the first group (60-day start, 26.683 kg), and the lowest was in the third group (120-day start, 23.933 kg). The weight of meat and bone in the cold half-carcass did not differ significantly among the experimental groups. Subcutaneous fat weight was significantly lowest at 120 days and highest at 90 days (P = 0.0152), while intermuscular fat weight in the cold half-carcass was similar among the groups (P > 0.05). However, total fat weight, including visceral fat, in the cold half-carcass differed significantly (P = 0.0500), being higher in the 60- and 90-day groups (5.218 kg and 5.300 kg, respectively) compared to the 120-day group (4.347 kg), with the 150-day group (4.626 kg) showing no difference from the other groups. The lowest slaughter age was observed in lambs fattened starting at 90 days, which was significant (P < 0.05). Overall, it can be concluded that the optimal fattening start age for male Afshari lambs, considering carcass composition and cost-effectiveness, is 90 days, with a starting weight of approximately 27 kg. The present study was conducted to determine the appropriate fattening age for Afshari lambs. For this purpose, 24 male Afshari lambs were divided into four age groups (60, 90, 120, and 150 days) with average initial weights of 22.83 kg, 27.73 kg, 36.30 kg, and 42.55 kg, respectively, in a completely randomized design. The objective of this experiment, based on a previous study, was to achieve a slaughter weight of 50 kg in the shortest possible time. The results showed that the average slaughter age of the experimental groups differed significantly, with lambs fattened at 60 and 90 days of age having a lower slaughter age compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). The effect of fattening start age on weight gain was significant, with the 90-day group showing the highest daily weight gain (333 grams) (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in dry matter intake among the experimental groups, with the lowest intake observed in the 60-day group (1.31 kg), which increased with age (P < 0.0001). As the fattening start age increased, the feed conversion ratio significantly increased, with the highest value in the 150-day group (7.72) and the lowest in the 90-day group (4.48) (P = 0.0003). Neck weight differed significantly among the groups, with values of 0.848 kg, 0.693 kg, 0.975 kg, and 0.770 kg for the first, second, third, and fourth groups, respectively (P < 0.0001). The weights of the shoulder, breast, thigh, and loin were similar among the groups and did not differ significantly. However, the weight of the tail fat was significantly higher in the 60- and 90-day groups compared to the 120- and 150-day groups (3.063 kg and 3.200 kg vs. 2.085 kg and 2.427 kg, respectively) (P = 0.0029). Hot carcass weight and cold half-carcass weight did not differ statistically, but the highest cold carcass weight was observed in the first group (60-day start, 26.683 kg), and the lowest was in the third group (120-day start, 23.933 kg). The weight of meat and bone in the cold half-carcass did not differ significantly among the experimental groups. Subcutaneous fat weight was significantly lowest at 120 days and highest at 90 days (P = 0.0152), while intermuscular fat weight in the cold half-carcass was similar among the groups (P > 0.05). However, total fat weight, including visceral fat, in the cold half-carcass differed significantly (P = 0.0500), being higher in the 60- and 90-day groups (5.218 kg and 5.300 kg, respectively) compared to the 120-day group (4.347 kg), with the 150-day group (4.626 kg) showing no difference from the other groups. The lowest slaughter age was observed in lambs fattened starting at 90 days, which was significant (P < 0.05). Overall, it can be concluded that the optimal fattening start age for male Afshari lambs, considering carcass composition and cost-effectiveness, is 90 days, with a starting weight of approximately 27 kg.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_101468_4d83172c9140205f38e7027d9738ad73.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 Addition of live and non-live Saccharomyces cerviciae supplement to milk on performance, digestibility of nutrients, blood parameters, stool consistency and rumination behavior of calves Addition of live and non-live Saccharomyces cerviciae supplement to milk on performance, digestibility of nutrients, blood parameters, stool consistency and rumination behavior of calves 545 563 100526 10.22059/ijas.2025.385636.654039 FA Kosar GHezesofli Department of Animal and Poultry nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. Taghi Ghoorchi Department of Animal and Poultry nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. Abdolhakim Toghdory Department of Animal and Poultry nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. 0000-0002-5198-1940 Mostafa Hosseinabadi Department of Animal and Poultry nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. Journal Article 2024 11 23 In the present study, 30 newborn calves with an average weight of 42.55 ± 0.98 kg were used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 6 replicates over a period of 42 days. The yeasts were mixed with milk and fed to the calves. The experimental diets were as follows: 1- control diet (without yeast), 2- 2.5 grams of live yeast, 3- 5 grams of live yeast, 4- 2.5 grams of inactive yeast, and 5- diet containing 5 grams of inactive Saccharomyces cerevisiae per calf per day. The calves were fed milk twice daily, in the morning and evening. Every 21 days, the calves were weighed, and skeletal indices were measured. Ruminating behavior and blood sampling were determined at the end of the period, and fecal score was recorded daily as a health indicator. Statistically, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, daily weight gain, and fecal consistency were significant throughout the period. The highest body weight, daily weight gain and improvement of feed conversion ratio were observed in the treatment containing 2.5 grams and the highest stool consistency were observed in the treatment containing 5 grams of non-living yeast. Among the experimental treatments, significant differences were observed in the digestibility of nutrients except for dry matter. The use of live and inactive Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the milk significantly affected feeding behavior, including ruminating, eating, drinking, and abnormal behavior in standing and lying positions. Blood glucose, cholesterol, protein, albumin, and creatinine levels were significantly affected by different levels of live and inactive Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In general, live and non-live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) have improved the conversion rate and daily weight gain in the two levels used compared to the control treatment. In the present study, 30 newborn calves with an average weight of 42.55 ± 0.98 kg were used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 6 replicates over a period of 42 days. The yeasts were mixed with milk and fed to the calves. The experimental diets were as follows: 1- control diet (without yeast), 2- 2.5 grams of live yeast, 3- 5 grams of live yeast, 4- 2.5 grams of inactive yeast, and 5- diet containing 5 grams of inactive Saccharomyces cerevisiae per calf per day. The calves were fed milk twice daily, in the morning and evening. Every 21 days, the calves were weighed, and skeletal indices were measured. Ruminating behavior and blood sampling were determined at the end of the period, and fecal score was recorded daily as a health indicator. Statistically, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, daily weight gain, and fecal consistency were significant throughout the period. The highest body weight, daily weight gain and improvement of feed conversion ratio were observed in the treatment containing 2.5 grams and the highest stool consistency were observed in the treatment containing 5 grams of non-living yeast. Among the experimental treatments, significant differences were observed in the digestibility of nutrients except for dry matter. The use of live and inactive Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the milk significantly affected feeding behavior, including ruminating, eating, drinking, and abnormal behavior in standing and lying positions. Blood glucose, cholesterol, protein, albumin, and creatinine levels were significantly affected by different levels of live and inactive Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In general, live and non-live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) have improved the conversion rate and daily weight gain in the two levels used compared to the control treatment.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_100526_d8adf4b0a876091064efffb0df59ab3d.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 Effect of different concentrations of ether extract of propolis on the sperm characteristics of Zel ram Effect of different concentrations of ether extract of propolis on the sperm characteristics of Zel ram 565 583 100529 10.22059/ijas.2025.386238.654048 FA Azin Vahdat Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran Hamid Deldar Department of Animal science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht,, Iran Zarbakht Ansari Pirsaraei Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran Bahram Shohreh Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran Essa Dirandeh Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran Journal Article 2024 12 03 In the present study, the effect of ether extract of propolis on the semen characteristics of Zel's ram under short and long-term preservation was investigated. The experimental groups comprised different concentrations of ether extract (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The samples were evaluated at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after storage at 4 °C and following the freeze-thawing process. During the cold storage, sperm quality traits motility, viability, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, malondialdehyde concentration (MDA), and morphology increased significantly (P<0.05) at concentrations of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL ether extract in comparison with the control group. Our results revealed that the total motility, viability, and membrane integrity in the concentration of 0.5 mg/mL ether extract were higher than the control group (P<0.05) at 4 °C. Also, motility, viability and malondialdehyde concentration (MDA) were higher in concentrations of 0.25 mg/mL ether extract than in the control group in the freeze-thawing process. Mitochondrial activity and morphology of spermatozoid at 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL ether extract were higher than the control group (P<0.05) in storage at 4 °C and freeze-thawing process. Results showed adding ether extract at the concentrations of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL to the semen extender improved the quality of spermatozoid in the Zel breed sheep.. In the present study, the effect of ether extract of propolis on the semen characteristics of Zel's ram under short and long-term preservation was investigated. The experimental groups comprised different concentrations of ether extract (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The samples were evaluated at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after storage at 4 °C and following the freeze-thawing process. During the cold storage, sperm quality traits motility, viability, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, malondialdehyde concentration (MDA), and morphology increased significantly (P<0.05) at concentrations of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL ether extract in comparison with the control group. Our results revealed that the total motility, viability, and membrane integrity in the concentration of 0.5 mg/mL ether extract were higher than the control group (P<0.05) at 4 °C. Also, motility, viability and malondialdehyde concentration (MDA) were higher in concentrations of 0.25 mg/mL ether extract than in the control group in the freeze-thawing process. Mitochondrial activity and morphology of spermatozoid at 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL ether extract were higher than the control group (P<0.05) in storage at 4 °C and freeze-thawing process. Results showed adding ether extract at the concentrations of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL to the semen extender improved the quality of spermatozoid in the Zel breed sheep..

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_100529_a4125946e02807db7170d2dfa760c3ec.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 Isolation and biological evaluation of lactic acid bacteria from bee pollen and bee bread Isolation and biological evaluation of lactic acid bacteria from bee pollen and bee bread 585 596 100527 10.22059/ijas.2025.385820.654040 FA Mojtaba Sharifinia Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. Daryoush Alipour Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. Hassan Aliarabi Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. Naser Tajabadi Department of Honeybee, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. Journal Article 2024 11 30 The present research aimed to isolate lactic acid-producing bacteria from pollen or bee bread. For this purpose, bacterial strains were isolated from various pollen and bee bread samples using an MRS culture medium. The characteristics of the isolates were assessed through Gram staining, catalase activity tests, fermentation of specific sugars, growth curve analysis, pH reduction in the culture medium, and gas production. The results from the growth curve analysis of the isolated bacteria demonstrated significant differences in their growth rates under identical culture conditions, indicating varying capacities for pollen fermentation. Specifically, bacteria MB1, MB2, MB4, and MP1 exhibited robust growth during the initial 48 hours. In contrast, bacteria MB3 and MP2 remained in the lag phase throughout this period; however, MP2 and MB4 subsequently experienced a marked increase in growth rate, with the highest optical density (OD). The maximum OD recorded for bacteria MB1, MB3, and MB4 were 1.15, 0.602, and 0.939 respectively after 115 hours, while bacterium MP2 achieved its plateau optical density of 1.314 after 65 hours. In the next phase of the study, sterilized and ground pollen was inoculated with the most effective bacterial strains identified in the initial isolation phase. Following incubation of the pollen-containing culture medium, bacterial activity in fermenting pollen was evaluated based on lactic acid production. All isolated bacteria were confirmed to be Gram-positive and catalase-negative, demonstrating the ability to ferment certain simple sugars. The isolated strains exhibited varying efficiencies in both growth rates and lactic acid production, suggesting differences in their capacity to utilize the nutrients found in pollen. However, no significant differences were observed among the bacterial strains concerning gas production. The present research aimed to isolate lactic acid-producing bacteria from pollen or bee bread. For this purpose, bacterial strains were isolated from various pollen and bee bread samples using an MRS culture medium. The characteristics of the isolates were assessed through Gram staining, catalase activity tests, fermentation of specific sugars, growth curve analysis, pH reduction in the culture medium, and gas production. The results from the growth curve analysis of the isolated bacteria demonstrated significant differences in their growth rates under identical culture conditions, indicating varying capacities for pollen fermentation. Specifically, bacteria MB1, MB2, MB4, and MP1 exhibited robust growth during the initial 48 hours. In contrast, bacteria MB3 and MP2 remained in the lag phase throughout this period; however, MP2 and MB4 subsequently experienced a marked increase in growth rate, with the highest optical density (OD). The maximum OD recorded for bacteria MB1, MB3, and MB4 were 1.15, 0.602, and 0.939 respectively after 115 hours, while bacterium MP2 achieved its plateau optical density of 1.314 after 65 hours. In the next phase of the study, sterilized and ground pollen was inoculated with the most effective bacterial strains identified in the initial isolation phase. Following incubation of the pollen-containing culture medium, bacterial activity in fermenting pollen was evaluated based on lactic acid production. All isolated bacteria were confirmed to be Gram-positive and catalase-negative, demonstrating the ability to ferment certain simple sugars. The isolated strains exhibited varying efficiencies in both growth rates and lactic acid production, suggesting differences in their capacity to utilize the nutrients found in pollen. However, no significant differences were observed among the bacterial strains concerning gas production.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_100527_c056cf9cf426399d84892e6e2a6573a1.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 The effect of vitamin and mineral injection at the start of transition period of Holstein dairy cows on changes in the hematology of cows and the hematology and immune transmission to newborn calves The effect of vitamin and mineral injection at the start of transition period of Holstein dairy cows on changes in the hematology of cows and the hematology and immune transmission to newborn calves 597 615 100528 10.22059/ijas.2024.386110.654043 FA Mohammad Asadi Dept. of Animal Sciences Research, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran. REZA Kamali Dept. of Animal Sciences Research, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran. Nader Asadzadeh animal and Poultry Management Research Department, National Institute of Animal Sciences Research, Karaj, Iran. Journal Article 2024 11 30 The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of mineral and vitamin injection in late pregnancy on hematological changes in cows and hematology and immune transfer to their calves using 32 transition cows in a completely randomized contrasted design with 4 treatments and 8 replications.Experimental treatments included: 1) control (no vitamin and mineral supplement injection), 2) treatment receiving injectable vitamin supplement, 3) treatment receiving injectable mineral supplement and 4) treatment receiving vitamin and mineral supplement injection together. The supplements were injected 28 days before calving. Vitamin supplements included vitamins A, D3, E, B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, C, and mineral supplements included calcium, copper, magnesium, and phosphorus. The injection dose of mineral supplement was 100 ml and the injection dose of vitamin supplement was 20 ml. To examine hematological parameters, blood samples were taken from cows 21 days before calving, on the day of calving, and 21 days after calving. Also, the immunoglobulin status of the calves was measured on birthday, 24 hours after birth, and 30 days after birth, and samples were taken on the 30th day to examine their hematological parameters. The results showed that the injection of minerals, vitamins, and minerals and vitamins increased the concentration of hemoglobin and monocytes in cows before calving and on the day of calving (P<0.05). On the other hand, IgG and IgM were associated with an increase in calves born to mothers receiving supplements (P<0.05). As a result, simultaneous injection of minerals and vitamins can improve the function of the immune system of cows and the immune status and health of calves. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of mineral and vitamin injection in late pregnancy on hematological changes in cows and hematology and immune transfer to their calves using 32 transition cows in a completely randomized contrasted design with 4 treatments and 8 replications.Experimental treatments included: 1) control (no vitamin and mineral supplement injection), 2) treatment receiving injectable vitamin supplement, 3) treatment receiving injectable mineral supplement and 4) treatment receiving vitamin and mineral supplement injection together. The supplements were injected 28 days before calving. Vitamin supplements included vitamins A, D3, E, B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, C, and mineral supplements included calcium, copper, magnesium, and phosphorus. The injection dose of mineral supplement was 100 ml and the injection dose of vitamin supplement was 20 ml. To examine hematological parameters, blood samples were taken from cows 21 days before calving, on the day of calving, and 21 days after calving. Also, the immunoglobulin status of the calves was measured on birthday, 24 hours after birth, and 30 days after birth, and samples were taken on the 30th day to examine their hematological parameters. The results showed that the injection of minerals, vitamins, and minerals and vitamins increased the concentration of hemoglobin and monocytes in cows before calving and on the day of calving (P<0.05). On the other hand, IgG and IgM were associated with an increase in calves born to mothers receiving supplements (P<0.05). As a result, simultaneous injection of minerals and vitamins can improve the function of the immune system of cows and the immune status and health of calves.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_100528_47c48021376d269afa61951f07e45ff9.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 Prevalence of ectoparasite infestation in dogs in Urmia suburb, Iran: A cross-sectional study Prevalence of ectoparasite infestation in dogs in Urmia suburb, Iran: A cross-sectional study 617 626 101464 10.22059/ijas.2025.384594.654035 FA Somayyeh Shirzadfar Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Farnaz Malekifard Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, West Azarbaijan, Iran Bijan Esmaeil Nejad Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Journal Article 2024 11 03 Canine infestations of ectoparasites are a significant medical and veterinary concern worldwide, including in Iran, due to the potential transmission of pathogenic agents. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and species diversity of ectoparasites in dogs in Urmia. A total of 138 dogs were randomly selected and examined between July 2022 and July 2023; this included 39 stray dogs, 99 sheepdogs, and 21 pet dogs. The body surfaces of the dogs were examined for ectoparasites, including ticks, mites, lice, and fleas. These parasites were directly removed from the dogs' skin and subsequently identified. The results indicated that out of the 138 dogs studied, 57 (41.30%) were infected with external parasites. Among the infected dogs, 32 (56.14%) had ticks from the genera Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus, 16 dogs (28.07%) were infected with mites, specifically Sarcoptes scabiei and Demodex canis, 5 dogs (8.77%) were infected with fleas (Ctenocephalides canis and Pulex irritans), and 4 dogs (7.01%) were infected with lice (Trichodectes canis). The study found significant differences in the prevalence of ectoparasites based on the sex and age of the examined dogs (p<0.05). Male dogs exhibited a higher infection rate, and ectoparasite infestations were more common in dogs younger than three years old. Additionally, the highest level of ectoparasite infestation occurred in the spring season. These findings highlight that ectoparasites are prevalent among dogs in the region, posing potential health risks to humans as they can act as vectors for spreading infectious agents. Therefore, it is crucial to educate dog owners about the health risks associated with external parasite infestations and about effective control and prevention strategies. Canine infestations of ectoparasites are a significant medical and veterinary concern worldwide, including in Iran, due to the potential transmission of pathogenic agents. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and species diversity of ectoparasites in dogs in Urmia. A total of 138 dogs were randomly selected and examined between July 2022 and July 2023; this included 39 stray dogs, 99 sheepdogs, and 21 pet dogs. The body surfaces of the dogs were examined for ectoparasites, including ticks, mites, lice, and fleas. These parasites were directly removed from the dogs' skin and subsequently identified. The results indicated that out of the 138 dogs studied, 57 (41.30%) were infected with external parasites. Among the infected dogs, 32 (56.14%) had ticks from the genera Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus, 16 dogs (28.07%) were infected with mites, specifically Sarcoptes scabiei and Demodex canis, 5 dogs (8.77%) were infected with fleas (Ctenocephalides canis and Pulex irritans), and 4 dogs (7.01%) were infected with lice (Trichodectes canis). The study found significant differences in the prevalence of ectoparasites based on the sex and age of the examined dogs (p<0.05). Male dogs exhibited a higher infection rate, and ectoparasite infestations were more common in dogs younger than three years old. Additionally, the highest level of ectoparasite infestation occurred in the spring season. These findings highlight that ectoparasites are prevalent among dogs in the region, posing potential health risks to humans as they can act as vectors for spreading infectious agents. Therefore, it is crucial to educate dog owners about the health risks associated with external parasite infestations and about effective control and prevention strategies.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_101464_db776c6beea00fff52b79311f609071e.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 Investigating the effect of cottonseed bioactive peptides and organic zinc supplementation in the close-up diet on the immune status, blood metabolites and milk production of Holstein fresh cows Investigating the effect of cottonseed bioactive peptides and organic zinc supplementation in the close-up diet on the immune status, blood metabolites and milk production of Holstein fresh cows 627 648 101790 10.22059/ijas.2025.391319.654067 FA Zahra Hosseini Firozkohi PhD. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan Hamid Amanlou Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran Fateme Ahmadi Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran Yasaman Amanlou Biosystem Engineering Department , Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Hojat Mazaheri talise nemone dairy farm 0009-0003-5382-9963 Journal Article 2025 03 10 The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of cottonseed bioactive peptides and organic zinc supplementation in the prepartum diet on the immune response and milk production of Holstein fresh cows. A total of one hundred and eighty multiparous Holstein cows were divided into four experimental groups: 1) Basal diet (containing mineral zinc recommended in NRC (2001)) without Pe0Zn0 peptide; 2) Basal diet (containing mineral zinc recommended in NRC (2001)) with 300 g of bioactive peptide Pe1Zn0; 3) Basal diet (containing mineral zinc recommended in NRC (2001)) with 160 mg organic zinc per kg dry matter and without bioactive peptides Pe0Zn1 and 4) Basal diet (containing mineral zinc recommended in NRC (2001)) with 160 mg organic zinc per kg dry matter and 300 g bioactive peptide Pe1Zn1. Samples were collected from cows at various time points before and after calving, with milk production monitored daily from 1 to 21 days post-calving. Data analysis was carried out using SAS (2010) software in a completely randomized design. The results indicated that including peptides in the prepartum diets led to increased serum levels of calcium, albumin, total antioxidant capacity, and creatinine kinase while glucose levels decreased in the prepartum period (P < 0.05). Similarly, higher organic zinc levels in the prepartum diet resulted in elevated concentrations of calcium, antioxidant capacity, aspartate aminotransferase, and insulin, while glucose and malondialdehyde levels decreased (P < 0.05). The inclusion of peptides in the prepartum diets led to a notable increase in total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase concentrations, while simultaneously reducing insulin and Tendency to decrease glucose levels in the postpartum period (P < 0.01). Additionally, the introduction of organic zinc into the diets resulted in elevated levels of phosphorus, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, total antioxidant capacity, along with decreased serum bilirubin concentrations postpartum (P < 0.01). The serum phosphorus levels postpartum were significantly influenced by both organic zinc and peptide supplementation (P = 0.01). Furthermore, the addition of cottonseed bioactive peptides (P = 0.06) and organic zinc (P < 0.01) to the experimental diet led to a substantial increase in milk production. Specifically, the incorporation of organic zinc into the prepartum diet resulted in a significant rise in milk fat, protein and lactose percent and milk solids content among fresh cows (P < 0.01). Overall, the supplementation of cottonseed bioactive peptides and organic zinc in the prepartum diets of cows proved to enhance the immune status and production of fresh cows. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of cottonseed bioactive peptides and organic zinc supplementation in the prepartum diet on the immune response and milk production of Holstein fresh cows. A total of one hundred and eighty multiparous Holstein cows were divided into four experimental groups: 1) Basal diet (containing mineral zinc recommended in NRC (2001)) without Pe0Zn0 peptide; 2) Basal diet (containing mineral zinc recommended in NRC (2001)) with 300 g of bioactive peptide Pe1Zn0; 3) Basal diet (containing mineral zinc recommended in NRC (2001)) with 160 mg organic zinc per kg dry matter and without bioactive peptides Pe0Zn1 and 4) Basal diet (containing mineral zinc recommended in NRC (2001)) with 160 mg organic zinc per kg dry matter and 300 g bioactive peptide Pe1Zn1. Samples were collected from cows at various time points before and after calving, with milk production monitored daily from 1 to 21 days post-calving. Data analysis was carried out using SAS (2010) software in a completely randomized design. The results indicated that including peptides in the prepartum diets led to increased serum levels of calcium, albumin, total antioxidant capacity, and creatinine kinase while glucose levels decreased in the prepartum period (P < 0.05). Similarly, higher organic zinc levels in the prepartum diet resulted in elevated concentrations of calcium, antioxidant capacity, aspartate aminotransferase, and insulin, while glucose and malondialdehyde levels decreased (P < 0.05). The inclusion of peptides in the prepartum diets led to a notable increase in total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase concentrations, while simultaneously reducing insulin and Tendency to decrease glucose levels in the postpartum period (P < 0.01). Additionally, the introduction of organic zinc into the diets resulted in elevated levels of phosphorus, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, total antioxidant capacity, along with decreased serum bilirubin concentrations postpartum (P < 0.01). The serum phosphorus levels postpartum were significantly influenced by both organic zinc and peptide supplementation (P = 0.01). Furthermore, the addition of cottonseed bioactive peptides (P = 0.06) and organic zinc (P < 0.01) to the experimental diet led to a substantial increase in milk production. Specifically, the incorporation of organic zinc into the prepartum diet resulted in a significant rise in milk fat, protein and lactose percent and milk solids content among fresh cows (P < 0.01). Overall, the supplementation of cottonseed bioactive peptides and organic zinc in the prepartum diets of cows proved to enhance the immune status and production of fresh cows.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_101790_12380bec73bb6ad7ad293f323e1aa370.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 The effect of different levels of acidifier in drinking water on growth performance, certain blood parameters, and cecal microbial population in broiler chickens The effect of different levels of acidifier in drinking water on growth performance, certain blood parameters, and cecal microbial population in broiler chickens 649 663 101466 10.22059/ijas.2025.386146.654045 FA Seyed Reza Mirkarimi Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Qaemshahr Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran. Mohsen Hajipour Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Qaemshahr Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran. Zahra Mahboubi Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Varamin-Pishva Islamic Azad University, Iran. Journal Article 2024 12 02 The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different levels of acidifier in drinking water on growth performance, certain blood parameters, and cecal microbial population in broiler chickens. A total of 240 one-day-old mixed-sex broiler chickens (Ross 308 strain) were raised for 42 days in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 6 replicates, with 10 broiler chickens per cage. The experimental diets included:Control (no acidifier), Treatment with 200 ml acidifier in 1000 liters of drinking water, Treatment with 400 ml acidifier in 1000 liters of drinking water, Treatment with 600 ml acidifier in 1000 liters of drinking water.Results on feed intake showed significant differences among the experimental treatments in the starter, grower, and overall periods (p<0.05). Body weight gain showed significant differences among the experimental treatments in the starter, grower, and overall periods compared to the control (p<0.05), leading to improved feed conversion ratio among the experimental treatments (p<0.05). Carcass trait results showed significant differences in carcass percentage, breast percentage, and thigh percentage among the experimental treatments (p<0.05). Blood parameter results indicated significant differences in the concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL among the experimental treatments (p<0.05). Significant differences were observed in the population of coliform bacteria among the experimental treatments (p<0.05). Consequently, different levels of acidifier in drinking water were effective in improving growth performance and carcass traits in broiler chickens. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different levels of acidifier in drinking water on growth performance, certain blood parameters, and cecal microbial population in broiler chickens. A total of 240 one-day-old mixed-sex broiler chickens (Ross 308 strain) were raised for 42 days in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 6 replicates, with 10 broiler chickens per cage. The experimental diets included:Control (no acidifier), Treatment with 200 ml acidifier in 1000 liters of drinking water, Treatment with 400 ml acidifier in 1000 liters of drinking water, Treatment with 600 ml acidifier in 1000 liters of drinking water.Results on feed intake showed significant differences among the experimental treatments in the starter, grower, and overall periods (p<0.05). Body weight gain showed significant differences among the experimental treatments in the starter, grower, and overall periods compared to the control (p<0.05), leading to improved feed conversion ratio among the experimental treatments (p<0.05). Carcass trait results showed significant differences in carcass percentage, breast percentage, and thigh percentage among the experimental treatments (p<0.05). Blood parameter results indicated significant differences in the concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL among the experimental treatments (p<0.05). Significant differences were observed in the population of coliform bacteria among the experimental treatments (p<0.05). Consequently, different levels of acidifier in drinking water were effective in improving growth performance and carcass traits in broiler chickens.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_101466_5536b177e985c6e445a1080f3ccdd424.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 Integrative and comparative analysis of transcriptional profiles and competitive endogenous RNA regulatory networks to identify key genes associated with heat stress in broiler chickens Integrative and comparative analysis of transcriptional profiles and competitive endogenous RNA regulatory networks to identify key genes associated with heat stress in broiler chickens 665 688 101469 10.22059/ijas.2025.391124.654061 FA Faezeh Hesari Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Alborz, Iran. Mostafa Sadeghi Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Alborz, Iran. Seyed Reza Miraei-Ashtiani Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Alborz, Iran. 0000-0003-3597-4385 Farzad Ghafouri Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Alborz, Iran. Journal Article 2025 02 25 Broilers are particularly sensitive to high ambient temperatures, which may have a negative impact on their welfare and production efficiency. The aim of the study was to combine a literature review analysis of transcriptional profiling and a competitive endogenous regulatory network analysis (CERNA) to identify the key messenger and non-coding RNAs involved in the molecular regulation of the cells of the pituitary gland and the brain in heat stress broiler chickens. Overall, two long non-coding RNA, 11 microRNAs and 426 common mRNAs and genes were identified that showed significant differences in expression between the two tissues. From the analysis, 12 major genes (HSP90A1, HSPA5, HSP90B1, HSPA4, HUSY1, AHSA2, ALB, DNAJA1, DNAJA4, HSPA4L, and HSPH1) were found to be more extensively expressed in broiler chickens under heat stress than in control chickens. In addition, after reconstructing the competitive endogenous RNA regulatory network and the associated candidate modules, the main important metabolic signalling pathways identified were protein-folding chaperones, cellular component organisation, protein-binding to heat shock proteins, the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone complex, and protein-processing signalling pathways in the endoplasmic reticulum. Overall, considering the identified RNAs involved in the ceRNA regulatory network that underlie phenotypic differences in the severity of heat stress, this study may provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the control of heat stress severity and resistance in broiler chickens. Broilers are particularly sensitive to high ambient temperatures, which may have a negative impact on their welfare and production efficiency. The aim of the study was to combine a literature review analysis of transcriptional profiling and a competitive endogenous regulatory network analysis (CERNA) to identify the key messenger and non-coding RNAs involved in the molecular regulation of the cells of the pituitary gland and the brain in heat stress broiler chickens. Overall, two long non-coding RNA, 11 microRNAs and 426 common mRNAs and genes were identified that showed significant differences in expression between the two tissues. From the analysis, 12 major genes (HSP90A1, HSPA5, HSP90B1, HSPA4, HUSY1, AHSA2, ALB, DNAJA1, DNAJA4, HSPA4L, and HSPH1) were found to be more extensively expressed in broiler chickens under heat stress than in control chickens. In addition, after reconstructing the competitive endogenous RNA regulatory network and the associated candidate modules, the main important metabolic signalling pathways identified were protein-folding chaperones, cellular component organisation, protein-binding to heat shock proteins, the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone complex, and protein-processing signalling pathways in the endoplasmic reticulum. Overall, considering the identified RNAs involved in the ceRNA regulatory network that underlie phenotypic differences in the severity of heat stress, this study may provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the control of heat stress severity and resistance in broiler chickens.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_101469_2ca8623ba6a3cf6da08d9488142531fe.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 Effect of Different Sources of Selenium Supplementation to Milk on Growth and Health of Holstein Suckling Calves Effect of Different Sources of Selenium Supplementation to Milk on Growth and Health of Holstein Suckling Calves 689 705 101789 10.22059/ijas.2025.387362.654050 FA Jafar Khalili Department of Animal Science, Faculty of agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran Daryoush Alipour Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran Hassan Aliarabi Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran Journal Article 2024 12 23 This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic selenium supplementation on the performance and health of suckling Holstein calves. Forty-five male and female suckling Holstein calves with an average weight of 39.63±5.10 kg and 4 d old were used. The experimental treatments included: 1) control treatment (milk without supplement); 2) treatment containing 12.5 mg of sodium selenite supplement added to milk; and 3) treatment containing 62.5 mg of selenomethionine supplement added to milk. Daily feed intake, body weight, and skeletal indices were measured every two weeks. Blood samples were also taken to determine blood parameters on days 0, 35, and 70 of age. Selenium supplementation in inorganic and organic forms to the milk didn't affect the dry matter intake of starter (P>0.05) and total dry matter intake (P>0.05). However, the calves final weight increased significantly by organic selenium supplementation. Also, calves receiving inorganic and organic selenium had higher daily weight gain (P<0.05). Nevertheless, feed efficiency also increased with organic selenium supplementation (P<0.05). Among the skeletal growth indices, the withers height and heart girth tended to increase with selenium addition to milk, and the heart girth was highest in the organic. Rectal temperature, ear disposition, and nasal discharge score were similar among treatments (P>0.05). Serum alanine aminotransferase was 17.6, 16.2, and 15.4 U/L in the control, inorganic, and organic treatments, respectively, and was significantly reduced by adding organic selenium to milk. Also, adding inorganic or organic selenium to milk, reduced serum alkaline phosphatase concentration (P<0.05). Total antioxidant capacity was higher in the treatment receiving organic selenium (P<0.05). Overall, adding organic selenium to milk of suckling Holstein calves increased performance and feed efficiency. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic selenium supplementation on the performance and health of suckling Holstein calves. Forty-five male and female suckling Holstein calves with an average weight of 39.63±5.10 kg and 4 d old were used. The experimental treatments included: 1) control treatment (milk without supplement); 2) treatment containing 12.5 mg of sodium selenite supplement added to milk; and 3) treatment containing 62.5 mg of selenomethionine supplement added to milk. Daily feed intake, body weight, and skeletal indices were measured every two weeks. Blood samples were also taken to determine blood parameters on days 0, 35, and 70 of age. Selenium supplementation in inorganic and organic forms to the milk didn't affect the dry matter intake of starter (P>0.05) and total dry matter intake (P>0.05). However, the calves final weight increased significantly by organic selenium supplementation. Also, calves receiving inorganic and organic selenium had higher daily weight gain (P<0.05). Nevertheless, feed efficiency also increased with organic selenium supplementation (P<0.05). Among the skeletal growth indices, the withers height and heart girth tended to increase with selenium addition to milk, and the heart girth was highest in the organic. Rectal temperature, ear disposition, and nasal discharge score were similar among treatments (P>0.05). Serum alanine aminotransferase was 17.6, 16.2, and 15.4 U/L in the control, inorganic, and organic treatments, respectively, and was significantly reduced by adding organic selenium to milk. Also, adding inorganic or organic selenium to milk, reduced serum alkaline phosphatase concentration (P<0.05). Total antioxidant capacity was higher in the treatment receiving organic selenium (P<0.05). Overall, adding organic selenium to milk of suckling Holstein calves increased performance and feed efficiency.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_101789_815131abe1806d24d69e92460485398c.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 Genome-wide association study to identify genes and biological pathways related to resistance to bovine tuberculosis based on gene set enrichment analysis Genome-wide association study to identify genes and biological pathways related to resistance to bovine tuberculosis based on gene set enrichment analysis 707 722 101467 10.22059/ijas.2025.386966.654049 FA Mohsen Abdollahi Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran. Mohammad Hossein Moradi Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran. Amir Hossein Khaltabadi Farahani Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran. Hossein Mohammadi Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran. Journal Article 2024 12 21 Identifying biological pathways and genes associated with diseases is one of the most important goals of breeding programs in dairy cattle. The aim of the present study was to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify the genes and biological pathways related to resistance to bovine tuberculosis based on gene set enrichment analysis. In total, the information of 1355 cows (consisting 685 cases and 670 controls) from 178 herds were used, of which 592 cases and 559 controls (healthy cows) were passed different quality control steps. These animals were genotyped by using Illumina BovineHD 700k BeadChip for 727252 SNP markers. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was investigated using mixed linear logistic models, and regions of the genome that were associated with bovine tuberculosis at the 0.05 level were used for identifying the candida genes and biological pathways associated with bovine tuberculosis based on gene set enrichment analysis. The results of this study finally led to the identification of the pathways such as positive regulation of apoptotic process, cell junction organization, negative regulation of cytokine production and regulation of defense response that were significantly associated with bovine tuberculosis. Further investigation of these pathways showed that most of them are related to the immune system, stress and disease resistance. Also, study of function of the genes that were located in these pathways revealed that the direct association of some of these genes, such as SLC11A1, SLC2A2, and CD80, and the indirect association of genes such as BCL6, HSPD1, KCNMA1, SPP1, CD24, MYO1B, CCL20, and LCP2 with disease resistance and bovine tuberculosis has also been confirmed in previous studies. In general, due to the importance of identifying the genes affecting bovine tuberculosis from a scientific and economic point of view, the results of this study show that resistance to bovine tuberculosis is closely related to biological pathways and candidate genes associated with nervous system, innate immunity, inflammatory response, immune response regulation, cell junctions, and glucose homeostasis. Identifying biological pathways and genes associated with diseases is one of the most important goals of breeding programs in dairy cattle. The aim of the present study was to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify the genes and biological pathways related to resistance to bovine tuberculosis based on gene set enrichment analysis. In total, the information of 1355 cows (consisting 685 cases and 670 controls) from 178 herds were used, of which 592 cases and 559 controls (healthy cows) were passed different quality control steps. These animals were genotyped by using Illumina BovineHD 700k BeadChip for 727252 SNP markers. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was investigated using mixed linear logistic models, and regions of the genome that were associated with bovine tuberculosis at the 0.05 level were used for identifying the candida genes and biological pathways associated with bovine tuberculosis based on gene set enrichment analysis. The results of this study finally led to the identification of the pathways such as positive regulation of apoptotic process, cell junction organization, negative regulation of cytokine production and regulation of defense response that were significantly associated with bovine tuberculosis. Further investigation of these pathways showed that most of them are related to the immune system, stress and disease resistance. Also, study of function of the genes that were located in these pathways revealed that the direct association of some of these genes, such as SLC11A1, SLC2A2, and CD80, and the indirect association of genes such as BCL6, HSPD1, KCNMA1, SPP1, CD24, MYO1B, CCL20, and LCP2 with disease resistance and bovine tuberculosis has also been confirmed in previous studies. In general, due to the importance of identifying the genes affecting bovine tuberculosis from a scientific and economic point of view, the results of this study show that resistance to bovine tuberculosis is closely related to biological pathways and candidate genes associated with nervous system, innate immunity, inflammatory response, immune response regulation, cell junctions, and glucose homeostasis.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_101467_cd69912327a7e28c6847203b3df00e7f.pdf

پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 56 3 2025 09 23 Effect of propylene glycol and glycerol with branched-chain amino acid cources on performance of Holstein cow in early lactation Effect of propylene glycol and glycerol with branched-chain amino acid cources on performance of Holstein cow in early lactation 723 736 101463 10.22059/ijas.2025.384347.654037 FA Davood Bahrami Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Abolfazl Zali Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Mahdi Ganjkhanlou Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Mostafa Sadeghi Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Journal Article 2024 12 06 This study investigated the effects of glucose precursors (propylene glycol and glycerol) combined with two protein sources corn gluten meal (a source of branched-chain amino acids) and meat meal on newly calved Holstein cows. The primary objective was to evaluate the individual and interactive effects of different glucose precursors and branched-chain amino acids on performance in early-lactation Holstein cows. A total of 42 multiparous Holstein cows, from 3 to 35 days postpartum, were utilized in a 2×3 factorial design with six treatment groups and seven replicates per treatment. The experimental diets consisted of a basal ration supplemented with 300 g of glucose precursors in three ratios of propylene glycol to glycerol (75:25, 50:50, and 25:75) as the first factor, and 600 g of protein source (corn gluten meal or meat meal) as the second factor. Daily feed intake and milk production were recorded, and milk, feed, and feces samples were collected at regular intervals.The results showed that the inclusion of glucose precursors, in combination with different amino acid sources, had no significant effect on daily dry matter intake, feed efficiency, or negative energy balance. While the interaction between treatments did not significantly affect daily milk yield, a significant difference was observed between glucose precursor treatments (p < 05/0). Milk yield was not influenced by the source of branched-chain amino acids but was affected by the type of glucose precursor, with higher levels of propylene glycol and lower levels of glycerol resulting in increased milk production. No significant differences were detected in fat-corrected milk (5/3%), milk fat content, or other milk components across the experimental treatments. The increased milk yield in cows fed propylene glycol may be attributed to its role in enhancing dietary energy density, promoting greater ruminal propionate production, and subsequently increasing glucose availability in cows experiencing negative energy balance. Nutrient digestibility and feed intake were unaffected by the treatments. This study investigated the effects of glucose precursors (propylene glycol and glycerol) combined with two protein sources corn gluten meal (a source of branched-chain amino acids) and meat meal on newly calved Holstein cows. The primary objective was to evaluate the individual and interactive effects of different glucose precursors and branched-chain amino acids on performance in early-lactation Holstein cows. A total of 42 multiparous Holstein cows, from 3 to 35 days postpartum, were utilized in a 2×3 factorial design with six treatment groups and seven replicates per treatment. The experimental diets consisted of a basal ration supplemented with 300 g of glucose precursors in three ratios of propylene glycol to glycerol (75:25, 50:50, and 25:75) as the first factor, and 600 g of protein source (corn gluten meal or meat meal) as the second factor. Daily feed intake and milk production were recorded, and milk, feed, and feces samples were collected at regular intervals.The results showed that the inclusion of glucose precursors, in combination with different amino acid sources, had no significant effect on daily dry matter intake, feed efficiency, or negative energy balance. While the interaction between treatments did not significantly affect daily milk yield, a significant difference was observed between glucose precursor treatments (p < 05/0). Milk yield was not influenced by the source of branched-chain amino acids but was affected by the type of glucose precursor, with higher levels of propylene glycol and lower levels of glycerol resulting in increased milk production. No significant differences were detected in fat-corrected milk (5/3%), milk fat content, or other milk components across the experimental treatments. The increased milk yield in cows fed propylene glycol may be attributed to its role in enhancing dietary energy density, promoting greater ruminal propionate production, and subsequently increasing glucose availability in cows experiencing negative energy balance. Nutrient digestibility and feed intake were unaffected by the treatments.

https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_101463_ef4d21fbb1d61372a6fed8d2e62fb398.pdf