پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 54 3 2023 09 23 Bioinformatics analysis of differentially gene expression profiles related to heat stress in brain, liver, and leg muscle of broiler chickens based on microarray technique Bioinformatics analysis of differentially gene expression profiles related to heat stress in brain, liver, and leg muscle of broiler chickens based on microarray technique 203 223 92317 10.22059/ijas.2022.334755.653860 FA Mohammad Soleiman Ekhtiyari Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Arash Javanmard Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Farzad Ghafouri Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Ayeh Sadat Sadr Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran Seyed Reza Miraei-Ashtiani Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran 0000-0003-3597-4385 Masoud Shirali Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Hillsborough, UK and Assistant professor, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK Journal Article 2021 11 30 In the poultry industry, the heat stress caused by high environmental temperature has a negative influence on broiler chicken performance and has become a major challenge. Transcriptome profile analysis of the data and identification of patterns of differential gene expression in related tissues can be involved in the discovery of molecular mechanisms resistant to heat stress. The main purpose of this study was to use transcriptome profiles of three tissues brain, liver, and leg muscle of two groups of the control and heat stress broiler chickens to identify candidate genes associated with heat stress. By the analysis of microarray data to express the gene differences, 657 significant genes (P<0.05) were extracted, which a total of 94 genes showed significant expression differences (FDR < 0.05, Fold change > ± 2). Then, by studying the ontology of the relevant genes resulting from data analysis and literature mining as well as the reconstructed protein-protein interaction network, hub genes including NSDHL, DHCR24, LSS, FDPS, PCK1, ACTA1, HSP90AA1, HSPA2, HSPB1, HSF1, CRYAB, APOB, and IL6 were identified. Annotation results of these genes indicated that they have a role in the main process of metabolic and signaling pathways related to the ion transport system, steroid, antibodies, cholesterol biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, immune system function, and various signaling pathways such as MAP kinase, RET, and ERK. Overall, the present study can provide new insights into evidence of the pathways activated by these genes to identify effective genes and a better understanding of biological processes related to heat stress. In the poultry industry, the heat stress caused by high environmental temperature has a negative influence on broiler chicken performance and has become a major challenge. Transcriptome profile analysis of the data and identification of patterns of differential gene expression in related tissues can be involved in the discovery of molecular mechanisms resistant to heat stress. The main purpose of this study was to use transcriptome profiles of three tissues brain, liver, and leg muscle of two groups of the control and heat stress broiler chickens to identify candidate genes associated with heat stress. By the analysis of microarray data to express the gene differences, 657 significant genes (P<0.05) were extracted, which a total of 94 genes showed significant expression differences (FDR < 0.05, Fold change > ± 2). Then, by studying the ontology of the relevant genes resulting from data analysis and literature mining as well as the reconstructed protein-protein interaction network, hub genes including NSDHL, DHCR24, LSS, FDPS, PCK1, ACTA1, HSP90AA1, HSPA2, HSPB1, HSF1, CRYAB, APOB, and IL6 were identified. Annotation results of these genes indicated that they have a role in the main process of metabolic and signaling pathways related to the ion transport system, steroid, antibodies, cholesterol biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, immune system function, and various signaling pathways such as MAP kinase, RET, and ERK. Overall, the present study can provide new insights into evidence of the pathways activated by these genes to identify effective genes and a better understanding of biological processes related to heat stress. https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_92317_b311780273e86bcb961c4b2dce301865.pdf