پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران Iranian Journal of animal Science 2008-4773 57 2 2026 06 22 The assessment of Lipidol and fat powder effects on performance, nutrient digestibility, feeding behaviors and blood parameters of suckling Holstein calves The assessment of Lipidol and fat powder effects on performance, nutrient digestibility, feeding behaviors and blood parameters of suckling Holstein calves 233 250 104341 10.22059/ijas.2025.397921.654087 FA Alireza Alipour Department of Animal and Poultry nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan 0009-0001-5434-0567 Taghi Ghoorchi Department of Animal and Poultry nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. 0000-0002-6865-2932 Abdolhakim Toghdory Department of Animal and Poultry nutrition, Animal Science Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran 0000-0002-5198-1940 Mohsen Sari Department of Animal Science and Food Industry, Animal Science Faculty, Khuzestan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Mullasani, Iran 0000-0001-7517-6711 Journal Article 2025 07 13 The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of using fat powder and Lipidol, a lysophospholipid-based feed additive, on growth indices, feeding behavior, digestibility, and blood metabolic parameters in suckling Holstein calves. For this purpose, 36 male Holstein calves with a mean weight of 38.3 ± 0.6 kg were assigned to four groups in a completely randomized 2×2 factorial design: 1) basal diet containing 0.15% Lipidol without fat powder, 2) basal diet containing 0.3% Lipidol without fat powder, 3) basal diet containing 0.15% Lipidol and 3.0 % fat powder, and 4) basal diet containing 0.3 % Lipidol and 3.0 % fat powder. The experimental period continued until the calves reached 67 days of age. Growth indices, feed consumption, skeletal growth, feeding behaviors (eating, rumination, chewing, and resting time), apparent digestion coefficients, and blood metabolites (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, and albumin) were measured. The results showed that calves receiving the combination of Lipidol and fat powder exhibited the highest daily growth, increased dry matter intake, and relative improvement in skeletal growth (P < 0.05). Additionally, eating and chewing time were reduced, while resting time increased, suggesting enhanced feeding efficiency and improved satiety. The concentration of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the groups receiving Lipidol, whereas glucose, total protein, and albumin levels did not show significant differences. In conclusion, supplementation with fat powder and Lipidol in the diet of suckling Holstein calves improved growth performance and metabolic status, likely through enhanced fat digestibility, improved nutrient absorption, and altered feeding behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of using fat powder and Lipidol, a lysophospholipid-based feed additive, on growth indices, feeding behavior, digestibility, and blood metabolic parameters in suckling Holstein calves. For this purpose, 36 male Holstein calves with a mean weight of 38.3 ± 0.6 kg were assigned to four groups in a completely randomized 2×2 factorial design: 1) basal diet containing 0.15% Lipidol without fat powder, 2) basal diet containing 0.3% Lipidol without fat powder, 3) basal diet containing 0.15% Lipidol and 3.0 % fat powder, and 4) basal diet containing 0.3 % Lipidol and 3.0 % fat powder. The experimental period continued until the calves reached 67 days of age. Growth indices, feed consumption, skeletal growth, feeding behaviors (eating, rumination, chewing, and resting time), apparent digestion coefficients, and blood metabolites (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, and albumin) were measured. The results showed that calves receiving the combination of Lipidol and fat powder exhibited the highest daily growth, increased dry matter intake, and relative improvement in skeletal growth (P < 0.05). Additionally, eating and chewing time were reduced, while resting time increased, suggesting enhanced feeding efficiency and improved satiety. The concentration of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the groups receiving Lipidol, whereas glucose, total protein, and albumin levels did not show significant differences. In conclusion, supplementation with fat powder and Lipidol in the diet of suckling Holstein calves improved growth performance and metabolic status, likely through enhanced fat digestibility, improved nutrient absorption, and altered feeding behaviors. https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_104341_d52d4bd84c84afd4a0a899e45c9b68f1.pdf