Research Paper
omid nouri; Mojtaba Zaghari; hosna hajati
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of inorganic selenium replacement with organic selenium from Spirulina algae on performance and breast meat quality of broilers, a total of 160 one-day-old broilers were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments, eight replicates and five birds per ...
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In order to investigate the effect of inorganic selenium replacement with organic selenium from Spirulina algae on performance and breast meat quality of broilers, a total of 160 one-day-old broilers were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments, eight replicates and five birds per each replicate. The sources of selenium used included sodium selenite and organic selenium from Spirulina algae which were replaced at two levels of 50 and 100 percent. The organic selenium was produced by the culture of Spirulina algae and its enrichment with selenium. The selenium content of different treatments was measured by ICP-Mass method. In this experiment, the feed intake and body weight gain parameters were measured weekly and feed conversion ratio was calculated. At 42 day of age, one bird was slaughtered from each replicate and the weight of carcass ready to cook was measured. The breast meat was sampled for measurement of pH and selenium storage. The results showed that it was not observed any significant difference in performance traits and ready to cook carcass percentage among different treatments. There was no significant difference in breast muscle pH at 0 and 24 hours after slaughtering. The amount of selenium deposited in breast muscle of birds fed organic selenium had significant increase when compared with other treatments (P<0.05). Generally, the results of this study showed that 100% replacement of sodium selenite with organic selenium from Spirulina algae led to increase in breast muscle selenium deposition without reduction in bird performance.
Research Paper
Ahmad Tamroosi; Gholam Reza Dashab; Hossein Banabazi; Ali Maghsoudi
Abstract
Recent research aimed to investigate the reasons for the high expression genes between the two subspecies of Holstein and Cholistani cattle and the importance of mitochondrial genes of these two breeds, including COX1, COX2, COX3, ND1and ND2, which are involved in essential processes such as energy metabolism ...
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Recent research aimed to investigate the reasons for the high expression genes between the two subspecies of Holstein and Cholistani cattle and the importance of mitochondrial genes of these two breeds, including COX1, COX2, COX3, ND1and ND2, which are involved in essential processes such as energy metabolism against to biological and non-biological stresses as well as disease resistance. In this study, RNA-Seq data were used to integrate 40 samples from the University of Wisconsin Dairy Cattle Center (Bos taurus) and 45 Cholistani cows (Bos indicus) at the Gujaratpir farm in Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. IGB software was used to investigate the level of transcriptome coverage and genetic differences, which included polymorphic, deletion and addition and binding regions. MEGA6 and DnaSPV.5 software was also used to determine the location of polymorphic areas as well as to calculate the percentage of different types of transitional and transversional replacements of nucleotides and to align sequences. The results showed that COX1 gene, with a length of 1542 bp, had the highest level of transcriptome coverage in the mitochondrial genome and the lowest level of transcriptome coverage was related to ND1 gene. Among mitochondrial genes, COX1 gene showed the highest deletions and additions, which were higher in Holstein than Cholistani breeds. The number of polymorphic regions in the COX1 locus was higher than other genes and equal 19 areas. The results also showed that the percentage of transitional substitution is higher than transversional substitution which is the reason for the stability of changes during different generations.
Research Paper
leili jamshidi; Ali Khatibjoo; Majid mottaghitalab
Abstract
In this experiment, the effect of garlic (GP) and tomato (TP) powders on performance, blood parameters, sex differentiation and hatchability of Ross-308 broiler breeders were examined and compared with In-Ovo injection of garlic and tomato hydroalcoholic extracts. In first experiment, total of 375 hens ...
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In this experiment, the effect of garlic (GP) and tomato (TP) powders on performance, blood parameters, sex differentiation and hatchability of Ross-308 broiler breeders were examined and compared with In-Ovo injection of garlic and tomato hydroalcoholic extracts. In first experiment, total of 375 hens and 25 roosters (47 wk.) were randomly allocated to 5 treatments and 5 replicates for 4 weeks. Treatments included: 1) basal diet (control), 2 and 3) basal diet + 2 and 4 percent of GP, respectively, and 4 and 5) basal diet + 2 and 4 percent of TP, respectively. In second experiment, total of 200 hens and 20 roosters were randomly allocated to 2 treatments including 1) basal diet and 2) basal diet + 4% of TP (the Exp. 1 selected treatment) in 5 replications from 52-56 wk. During incubation period, experimental treatments included: 1) control group, 2) eggs from hens fed 4% TP, 3) In-Ovo injection of physiological serum and 4 and 5) In-Ovo injection of 0.1 and 0.3 ml of garlic and tomato hydroalcoholic extracts. Garlic and tomato powders inclusion did not affect egg qualitative traits and blood parameters (P>0.05). All In-Ovo injection treatments increased fertility percentage (P<0.05). The second experiment results showed that treatments had no significant effect on the percent of males and females (P>0.05). In general, addition of 4 percent tomato powder to broiler breeders in comparison to In-Ovo injection of hydroalcoholic extracts of garlic and tomato, did not increase male 1-d-old chicks’ percentage of hatched chicks.
Research Paper
Hossein Mohammadi; Mohammad Hossein Moradi; Amir Hossein Khaltabadi Farahani
Abstract
Coat color is one of the important economic traits of sheep and is used for breed identification and characterization. The aim of the present study was genome wide association study (GWAS) and pathway analysis based on gene set enrichment analysis for identifying the loci associated with coat color in ...
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Coat color is one of the important economic traits of sheep and is used for breed identification and characterization. The aim of the present study was genome wide association study (GWAS) and pathway analysis based on gene set enrichment analysis for identifying the loci associated with coat color in Lori-Bakhtiari sheep breed. The evaluation of genome-wide association was carried out using PLINK v. 1.90. The gene enrichment analysis was performed by the goseq R package in R v.3.6.1 with the aim of identifying functional clusters and biological pathways of nearby genes in selected candidate regions and finally, for bioinformatics analysis of GO, Metacyc, KEEG, Reactome and panther databases were applied. In this study significant SNP markers were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 9, 10, and 16 that overlapped with EDNRB, PDGFRA, TCF25, and TYRP1 genes. According to pathway analysis, four pathways from gene ontology were associated with the coat color trait (P˂0.05). Among those pathways, the Regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity, Regulation of protein kinase A signaling and Activation of protein kinase activity biological pathway had an important role on the melanocyte development and coat pigmentation. Considering that the genomic regions identified in the current study have been confirmed to be associated with coat color in previous reports in sheep and other species, as well as the identification of some novel regions, our results may show the possibility of genetic selection for coat color in sheep.
Research Paper
behzad Ganji; Mehdi Dehghan banadaky; Farhang Fatehi
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the effects of combined buffer and sodium bicarbonate on growth performance and ruminal parameters of male Holstein young bulls with an average weight of 330.8 ± 43.1 kg and an age of 240 days fed with a high-concentrate diet. The experiment was conducted for 90 days ...
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This study aimed to compare the effects of combined buffer and sodium bicarbonate on growth performance and ruminal parameters of male Holstein young bulls with an average weight of 330.8 ± 43.1 kg and an age of 240 days fed with a high-concentrate diet. The experiment was conducted for 90 days with 10 days of habituation in a completely randomized design with three dietary treatments and 10 replications, and a forage: concentrate ratio of 20 to 80. Experimental diets included a control diet (without buffer), a basal diet with 1% sodium bicarbonate, and a basal diet with 1% mixed buffer. Daily feed intake, monthly weight gain, and digestibility were measured. The experimental diets did not affect feed intake, weight changes, and digestibility. The best feed conversion ratio for bulls was a diet containing the mixed buffer supplement (P <0.05). Daily weight gain was higher in bulls fed with the combined buffer than that of the control group (P <0.05). Rumen ammonia nitrogen was higher in the control diet than the mixed buffer (P <0.05). The pH of rumen fluid of bulls was lowest in the control group two hours after feeding (P <0.05). The present study results showed that the mixed buffer had a better performance in controlling the rumen acidity of bulls fed with high concentrate diets compared to sodium bicarbonate, especially in terms of improving feed conversion ratio and adding it to such diets seems necessary.
Research Paper
HAMID AMANLOU; Tahere Amirabadi; Najme Eslamian Farsuni
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CLA supplementation in diet with different levels of fNDF on performance and serum metabolites in Holstein fresh cows. Forty Cows were blocked by BCS at calving and milk yield, and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 experimental diets. Treatments were used ...
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CLA supplementation in diet with different levels of fNDF on performance and serum metabolites in Holstein fresh cows. Forty Cows were blocked by BCS at calving and milk yield, and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 experimental diets. Treatments were used in a 2 ×2 factorial arrangement with 2 levels of fNDF and 2 dose of CLA supplement; Treatments offered were formulated to contain 18. 0 or 23. 0% fNDF without or with CLA supplement for diets 18fNDF- CLA, 18fNDF+CLA, 23fNDF - CLA and 23fNDF+ CLA. There was no effect of fNDF by CLA interaction on investigated items. Dry matter intake was increased by 18fNDF diet relative to 23fNDF, whereas CLA+ decreased DMI compared to CLA-. Cows fed 23fNDF lost greater BW than 18fNDF. Milk yield was higher for cows fed 18fNDF than 23fNDF. Likewise, cows in CLA+ increased milk yield relative to CLA-. Cows in CLA+ had lower milk fat content than CLA-. Milk lactose content and yield were significantly higher for CLA+ cows compared to CLA- cows. Cows in CLA+ had greater glucose concentrations than CLA-. Cows fed 18fNDF had lower NEFA and BHBA concentrations compared to those fed 23fNDF. In general, reducing of fNDF in fresh cow’s diets improved feed intake, energy balance and productive performance. The supplementation of CLA in fresh cow’s diet resulted in spare glucose by reducing the synthesis of fat and increasing lactose and milk production
Research Paper
yousef naderi
Abstract
Single-step genomic prediction models became the prevailing tool in genetic evaluations of livestock due to high genomic performance, high genotyping costs for some animals, and utilizing both genotyped and un-genotyped animals. The objective of thecurrent study was to investigate the effect of genetic ...
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Single-step genomic prediction models became the prevailing tool in genetic evaluations of livestock due to high genomic performance, high genotyping costs for some animals, and utilizing both genotyped and un-genotyped animals. The objective of thecurrent study was to investigate the effect of genetic relationships between the training and validation populations on the performance of single and multi-step GBLUP and BayesB; which in this path investigated on the importance of un-genotyped individuals in generations after genomic selection and their roles on the necessaryor unnecessary reuse of genomic selection in binary threshold traits. For this purpose, genomic populations were simulated to reflect the differentnumber of QTL (33 and 534) with two different distributions of QTL (normal and gamma) on 29 chromosomes. Four statistical models including of GBLUP, SS-GBLUP, BayesB and SS-BayesB were implemented to analyze the simulated data. According to the results, GEBV accuracy was influenced by the relationships between the training and validation populations more significantly for multi-step models than for single-step models. Multi-step and single-step BayesB methods showed an obvious advantage over GBLUP and SSGBLUP when the trait is controlled by fewer QTLs.
Research Paper
Mahdi Farzi; Mohammad Moradi Shahrbabak; Hossein Moradi Shahrbabak; Mohammad Bagher Zandi baghcheh maryam
Abstract
Identification of selection signatures in the Sarabi, Najdi, Talshi and Holstein cattle breeds were done using the genomic data of 372 cows including Sarabi (113 heads), Najdi (143 heads), Talshi (56 heads) and Holstein (60 heads) populations, genotyped by Illumina Bead Chip 40K (for indigenous breeds) ...
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Identification of selection signatures in the Sarabi, Najdi, Talshi and Holstein cattle breeds were done using the genomic data of 372 cows including Sarabi (113 heads), Najdi (143 heads), Talshi (56 heads) and Holstein (60 heads) populations, genotyped by Illumina Bead Chip 40K (for indigenous breeds) and Illumina Bead Chip 770K (for Holstein breed). To identify the selection signatures, hapFLK statistical method was used with hapFLK v1.4 software, and considering the 5% higher value of hapFLK, the selection signatures were identified on 10 chromosomes, and with considering the highest regions for each chromosome, 80 genes were identified. Protein coding genes were identified using the Ensmble Biomart tool. Genes were examined using different databases and compared with other studies. This genes control different traits such as olfactory, milk production and reproduction from different pathways. Functions in which many genes were common include cell cycle control, mitophagy, apoptosis, calcium channel, metabolism of proteins, fats and oligosaccharides, innate immunity, and GTP binding.
