پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
Effect of Different Levels of Zinc and Copper Organic Supplements on Performance and Some Blood Metabolites of Mehraban Male Lambs
151
160
FA
salime
torkashvan
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بوعلی سینا همدان
salime.torkashvan@gmail.com
mohammad mehdi
tabatabayi
دانشیار دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
m-tabatabai@basu.ac.ir
hasan
ali arabi
0000-0002-6182-173X
استادیار دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
h_aliarabi@yahoo.com
ali asghar
bahari
استادیار، دانشکده پیرادامپزشکی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان-ایران
aliasghar.bahari@basu.ac.ir
daryoosh
alipoor
استادیار دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
alipoor@mailinator.com
10.22059/ijas.2012.28524
The effect of different levels of zinc and copper organic supplements on performance, plasma copper plus zinc status, serum Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Ceruloplasmin (CP) activity as well as vitamin ¬A concentration was studied in 25 Mehraban male lambs each of 5-6 months of age and 30/64±3/47kg of live weight. The following five dietary treatments were used: 1) Control (base diet with no addition of either adding zinc or copper proteinate supplements), 2) base diet+20 mg/kg of zinc+10 mg/kg of copper, 3) base diet+20 mg/kg of zinc+20 mg/kg of copper, 4) base diet+40 mg/kg of zinc+10 mg/kg of copper, 5) base diet+40 mg/kg of zinc+20 mg/kg of copper. The Zn and Cu supplementations didn’t exert any significantly effect on the performance but induced significant increase in the plasma levels of copper and zinc (P=0/0001), however no significant difference was observed between the supplemented treatments. Regardless on the levels of Zn and Cu organic supplementation, CP activity was increased. ALP activity was increased numerically but no significant difference was observed between the treatments. The supplementation indicated a positive significant effect on serum vitamin A concentration (P=0/041). The highest levels of zinc and copper (5treatments) induced highest serum vitamin A concentration.
alkaline phosphatase,Ceruloplasmin,copper proteinate,vitamin A,zinc proteinate
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28524.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28524_2bb00fb443983462204d25e2fd16e120.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
The influence of different levels and sources of supplemental copper on hematological values, ceruloplasmin and plasma concentrations of copper, zinc and iron in Mehraban male lambs
161
171
FA
ali asghar
bahari
استادیار بوعلی سینا همدان
aliasghar.bahari@basu.ac.ir
hasan
ali arabi
0000-0002-6182-173X
استادیار دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
h_aliarabi@yahoo.com
mohammad mehdi
tabatabayi
دانشیار دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
aliasghar.bahari5@basu.ac.ir
amir hossein
dezfoolian
دانشجوی دوره دکترا دانشگه بوعلی سینا همدان
amir.dezfoulian@gmail.com
javad
rashidi
عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جهاد کشاورزی همدان
bozorgmehr_lab@yahoo.com
pooya
zamani
استادیار دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
pzamani@basu.ac.ir
daryoosh
alipor
استادیار دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
alipoor@mailinator.com
ali
sadeghi nasab
استادیار دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
sadeghinasabali@gmail.com
zahra
bakhtiari
استادیار دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
zahrabakhtiari2009@yahoo.com
amir
fadayifar
دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد بوعلی سینا همدان
aliasghar.bahari2@basu.ac.ir
10.22059/ijas.2012.28525
This study was conducted to determine the effects of different levels and sources of copper supplementation on hematological values, ceruloplasmin and plasma copper, zinc and iron status in Mehraban male lambs. Twenty growing lambs were randomly allotted to four different treatments. Treatments consisted of 1) 10 mg/kg Cu in the form of CuSO4, 2) 20 mg/kg Cu in the form of CuSO4, 3) 10 mg/kg Cu in the form of Cu-Proteinate and 4) 20 mg/kg Cu in the form of Cu-Proteinate, administered daily with the basal diet. Blood samples were taken via the jugular vein on days 0, 7, 14, 28, 57 and 65 then analyzed for hematological parameters. The samples taken on days 28 and 65 were also used for a determination of serum ceruloplsmin activity as well as plasma Cu, Zn and Fe concentrations. There was a significant (P < 0.001) negative correlation observed between plasma Cu and Fe (r = -0.604), and as plasma Cu increased (up to d 65) plasma Fe concentrations decreased in all the treatments. Copper source exerted a signi?cant effect on ceruloplasmin concentration (P < 0.05). on d65, the 20ppm Cu-proteinate treatment carried the highest ceruloplasmin concentration (P < 0.05). Copper level exerted a significant effect on RBC, PCV and Hb, with the treatment of 20 ppm level causing higher values (P < 0.05). No clinical or hematological signs of copper toxicity were observed throghout the study. There was an evidence of adverse effects of high Cu supplementation on RBC count, PCV and Hb at the conclusion of the experiment. It can be concluded that the obtained result may be due to Cu interaction with iron as well as its effect on iron metabolism and hematopoesis.
blood hemoglobin,Hamedan.,Hematocrit,Red blood cell count
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28525.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28525_01eecde79c4b83200b5994aa52aafa86.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
A Study of the Genetic Structure of Iranian Native Horses Using Mitochondrial DNA Sequence
172
182
FA
misagh
moridi
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد تربیت مدرس
moridi@mailinator.com
ali akbar
masoudi
استادیار دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
masoudia2@modares.ac.ir
rasoul
vaez torshizi
0000-0003-2781-7558
دانشیار دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
rasoult@modares.ac.ir
10.22059/ijas.2012.28526
To finding out the genetic structure of Iranian native horses, as animal blood samples were obtained from diverse areas of Iran, in addition, 114 sequences of equine D-loop region were obtained from GenBank. Total DNA of the samples were extracted through salting out procedure and utilized as template for amplification and sequencing of the D-loop region of mtDNA. Sequence analysis of the 247-bp D-loop region of mtDNA in all samples revealed a total of 44 haplotypes with 39 polymorphic sites. Six haplogroups (A–F) were identified in the phylogenic tree drowned for these haplotypes and sequences from GenBank. Total nucleotide diversity was obtained with in the range of 0.028 ± 0.009 in Iranian native horses. Fixation index values, employing Kimura-2 parameter method ranged from -0.001 to 0.172. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) identified that some of these populations, especially Sistani horses, bear a genetic similarity with other populations and also with sequences from the GenBank (P > 0.05). Arab and Turkman horse populations displayed non-significant difference (P > 0.05), which may reflect the uncontrolled crossing between these two breeds. Caspian and Kurd horse populations showed significant differences with other populations and sequences from the GenBank (P > 0.05). The results of the current study indicate a high genetic diversity and as well as genetic similarity in some populations. According to the dateained results it is necessary to control the crosses between the animals populations and the production of progenies in Iranian native horses.
Genetic diversity,genetic structure,Haplotype,Iranian native horses
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28526.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28526_23e7716d9c8be55adb05394e79b10f4a.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
Effects of Different Dry Period Length on the Reproductive and Productive Performance of Holstein Cows During the Subsequent Lactation
183
191
FA
fatemeh
amini
دانشجوی سابق ارشد زنجان
amanlou3@znu.ac.ir
hamid
amanloo
0000-0002-5631-125X
دانشیار دانشگاه زنجان
amanlou@znu.ac.ir
mohammad javad
zamiri
استاد دانشگاه شیراز
amanlou2@znu.ac.ir
najme
eslamian
دانشجوی سابق ارشد دانشگاه زنجان
eslamianfarsuni@mailinator.com
10.22059/ijas.2012.28527
To evaluate the effects of different dry period lengths on milk yield, milk composition, reproductive performance and energy balance in dairy cows, 30 Holstein breeds (average 270 days pregnant) were made use of in a randomized complete block design. Cows were assigned to three treatments (60, 45 and 30 days of dry period) and two blocks as based on parity (either first lactation or multifarious cows). Milk production and composition as well as somatic cell counts of cows with 45 and 30 days of dry period were not significantly different from cows with 60 days of dry period (P>0.05). Body condition score changes after calving for 60, 45 and 30 days of dry period (1.06, 0.93 and 0.68, respectively) were significantly different. The smallest change in body condition score was observed for 30-day dry period ones, which also had a lower blood concentration of non-esterified fatty acids before calving (364.8 vs 394.9 and 390.9 µEq/l for 45- and 60-day dry periods). Mean days to first postpartum ovulation were 27.9, 27.8 and 22.7 days for dry periods of 60, 45 and 30 days, respectively (P<0.05). Fewer numbers of services per conception was recorded for 30- day dry periods compared with 45- and 60- day dry periods (1.5 vs 2.1 and 3.75, respectively). Cows with 30-day dry periods as experienced fewer number of days in negative energy state in comparison with 60- and 45-day dry periods, which amounts to a better reproductive performance.
dry period,Energy balance,Holstein cow,reproductive performance
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28527.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28527_dca2393ebbd006d20d6a91d62ad4594e.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
An Investigation of the effect of some medicinal plants on in vitro ruminal fermentation parameters
193
206
FA
fateme
nemati
دانش آموخته ارشد دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
rozbeh_y7@modares.ac.ir
ض
roozbehan
دانشیار دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
rouzbeh_y@modares.ac.ir
mohammad amir
karimi tarshizi
0000-0002-8141-4904
استادیار دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
karimitm@modares.ac.ir
javad
rezaei
دانشجوی دوره دکتری تربیت مدرس تهران
rezaei3@mailinator.com
10.22059/ijas.2012.28528
The aim of the current study was the screening the activity of 23 medicinal plants for decreasing the in Vitro ruminal methane production, as well to and assess sheep ruminal in vitro fermentation parameters. 57.3 mg of each medicinal plants along with 142.7 mg control diet were weighted in 120 ml wheatons in 4 replicates. The samples were incubated using ruminal fluid obtained from 3 castrated male Ghezel sheep with 61.8 kg of body weight and 4 years of age. After 24 h of incubation, total Gas Production (GP), methane production, ammonia content as well as Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) were assessed. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using a completely randomized design. The results showed that GP from the incubation of Allium hertifolium, Tribulus terrestris L and Foetida ferula-assa increased in comparison with the control treatment (p<0.05). The molar proportion of methane in GP was decline by 20% in treatments containing Allium hertifolium, Elettaria cardamomum Maton, Thymus vulgaris, Nigella sativa, Rosmarinus officinalis, Rheum palmatum, Chamaemelum nobile, Sygium aromaticum and Thea sinensis in comparison with the control treatment (p<0.05). The concentrations of total VFA in treatments containing Zingiber officinale, Nigella sativa, Chamaemelum nobile, Trachyspermum copticum and Thea sinensis were higher than that in control (p<0.05). On the other hand, treatments containing Allium hertifolium, Foetida ferula-assa, Alpinia officinarum, Elettaria cardamomum Maton, Achillea milhemsii, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Rosmarinus officinalis, Pimpinella anisum, Chamaemelum nobile, Hyssopus officinalis and Fumaria officinalis Lan contained lower levels of ammonia concentrations than in the control diet (p<0.05). The results indicated that the treatment containing Allium hertifolium lowered the methane production and ammonia concentration without any negative effect observed on the total gas production.
ammonia,Fermentation,Medicinal plant,methane,sheep.,volatile fatty acids
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28528.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28528_4ae1110fdc52097df539200faaac2da2.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
Effects of Diet Formulation Based on Metabolizable Energy (AMEn and TMEn) Total and Digestible Amino Acid of Feed and Requirements on Broiler Breeder Performance
207
217
FA
akbar
yaghoob far
دانشیارو عضو هیئت علمی موسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور
yaghobfar5@yahoo.com
javad
nasr
عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ساوه
javadnasr.nader@gmail.com
yahya
ebrahim nejad
استاد یار دانشگاه آزاد واحد شبستر
ebrahimnezhad@gmail.com
kambiz
nazeradl
استاد و عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شبستر
yaghobfar2@yahoo.com
10.22059/ijas.2012.28529
A study was conducted to determine the effects of diet formulation on Arian broiler breeder performance in their 50 to 64 wks of age. One hundred and sixty eight female and 24 male breeders were employed in 8 treatments of 3 replicates (7 females plus a male) in a completely randomized design (a factorial experience of 2 × 2 × 2). Eight experimental diets were formulated based on three factors, the first factor including, two levels of Apparent and True Metabolisable Energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn and TMEn), the second factor being:, two levels of Total Amino Acids (TAAF) and Digestible (DAAF) of Feed, The third factor was included two levels of broiler breeder hens Requirements as based on Total Amino Acids (TAAR) and Digestible ones (DAAR). The results indicated that egg weight was significant difference on the main effects of energy and the main effects of amino acids of feed and requirements no significant (p<0.05). Treatment No. 3 (AMEn + DAAF + TAAR) was at the best level significantly in egg weight, 68.97 (g), egg production, 62.45, egg mass, 43.1 (g/hen/day) and feed conversion ratio 3.59 and treatment No. 7 (TMEn + DAAF + TAAR) was the worst level significantly in egg weight 66.51 (g), egg production, 48.21, egg mass, 31.99 (g/hen/day) and feed conversion rate 5.07. Percentage of eggs can incubate and hatchability was significant in the main effects of energy, amino acids of feed and requirements and fertility was significant in the main effects of energy and amino acids of feed, number of chicks per hen was significant in the main effect of energy and amino acid requirements (p<0.05). Percentage of eggs can incubate was in treatment No. 5 (TMEn + TAAF + TAAR), 99.48 %, fertility was in treatment No. 4 (AMEn + DAAF + DAAR) , 91.87 % , hatchability was in treatment No. 2 (AMEn + TAAF + DAAR), 78.37% and the number of chickens obtained from any hens during the experimental period (50 to 64 weeks), was in treatment No. 6 (TMEn + TAAF + DAAR), 37.83 chicks, at the highest significantly level compared to Duncan multiple range test (p<0.05). This experiment showed that the type of diet formulation had significant effects on broiler breeder performance.
AMEn,Broiler breeders,Digestible amino acid,performance
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28529.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28529_55fd04b1c1847a9106386b68bf71a106.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
Effect of wheat processing and dietary lipid source on performance and fatty acids profile in steak of Holstein male calves
219
228
FA
kamal
erjayi
دانشجوی سابق ارشد دانشگاه تهران
k.erjaei@ut.ac.ir
abolfazl
zali
0000-0001-9654-2063
استادیار پردیس کشاورزی
a.zali@ut.ac.ir
mahdi
ganjkhanloo
0000-0002-1854-321X
استادیار پردیس کشاورزی
ganjkhanlou@ut.ac.ir
mahdi
dehghan
0000-0001-8448-1371
دانشیار پردیس کشاورزی
dehghanb@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/ijas.2012.28530
To evaluate the effects of wheat processing and dietary lipid sources on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics and fatty acids profile in meat of fattening calves, a number of 28 Holstein male calves averaging in weight of 296±56kg were randomly allotted in four treatments (7 steers each). The Study was conducted in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (two methods of wheat processing: steam flake and treatment with formaldehyde and lipid source; Roasted Soybean (RSB) and Rumifat). The experiment followed a completely randomized design. The study lasted for 98 ds (14d adaption). Dry Mater Intake (DMI) and Average Daily Gain (ADG) of calves were respectively evaluated daily and monthly. Following the ?nal weighing at 85d, and in order to measure the traits related to carcass characteristics, three steers per treatment were slaughtered. No significant differences were detected for DMI, ADG and feed efficiency. Carcass traits were not affected by dietary treatments. The levels of C18:2, C18:3, C24:0 and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were greater (P < 0.01) in steaks from steers fed RSB. RSB consumption resulted in increases the levels of C18:0 and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in steaks (P < 0.02). In contrast, amount of C:16 and Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA) were greater (P < 0.01 and P<0.05, respectively) in steaks from steers fed Rumifat. There was no effect of diets observed on the levels of other fatty acids. It was finally concluded that no difference was detected in the performance of steers through methods of wheat processing and lipid source, but the use of RSB in the diet improved the fatty acid profile of meat as regards human health.
Fatty acids,Holstein male calves.,roasted soybean,Wheat processing
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28530.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28530_2e1148cfd1602da2f51e2063ebaed24c.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
Effect of Different Levels of Diatary Corn and Barley Grain on Growth and Performance of Holstein Calves
229
237
FA
ahmad
zia abdolzohre
دانش آموخته ارشد تربیت مدرس
rozbeh_y5@modares.ac.ir
yousef
roozbehan
دانشیار تربیت مدرس
rouzbeh_y@modares.ac.ir
seyed hadi
hoseini
دانش آموخته ارشد تربیت مدرس
rozbeh_y6@modares.ac.ir
javad
rezaei
دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران
rezaei3@mailinator.com
10.22059/ijas.2012.28531
In order to survey the inclusion effects of different levels of barley and/or corn grain in diet on growth and performance of Holstein calves 40 newborn calves were taken in 5 experimental groups with 4 female and 4 male calves in each group for a duration of105 days. The experimental group was comprised of: group 1; no barley (only consisting of corn grain) and other experimental groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 which contained 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent respectively of barley grain in total diet. The values of dry matter intake (DMI), body weight changes and feed efficiency ratio were evaluated periodically. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using repeated measurements of mixed procedures. The least square means of final weight, gain, total DMI and feed conversion ratio of calves, fed diets with no barley grain, were respectively, 138.5, 97.3 and 125.3 kg and 1.29. Increasing barley grain ratio in the diet resulted in reduction of DMI (P<0.05). Body weights in calves which consumed diets containing barley were lower as compared with the control (P<0.05), but there were no differences observed between the groups consuming diets containing barley. Increasing the barley content in the diets had no effect on feed efficiency ratio. DMI was improved with increasing calves age (P<0.05), but was not affected by the sex. Body weight, weight gain during the period as well as feed conversion ratio in male calves was more pronounced than those in females. All in all, replacement of barley up to 20 percent in Holstein calves, diets is possible with no arisal of any negative effect on their feed efficiency ratios.
Barley grain,Corn grain,Holstein calves,Performance.,starter
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28531.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28531_278618debac65d09f94a57f773884db1.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
Dietary Lysine Requirements Determination of Japanese Quails from three to Twenty-four Days of Age Based on Performance and Carcass Traits
239
248
FA
iman
haj khodadadi
0000-0002-6061-7868
دانشجوی دکتری پردیس کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران
iman.hajkhodadadi@gmail.com
hosein
moravej
0000-0002-8746-999X
دانشیار پردیس کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران
hmoraveg@ut.ac.ir
mahmood
shivazad
استاد پردیس کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران
shivazad@ut.ac.ir
ahmad
zare shahne
استاد پردیس کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران
azareh@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/ijas.2012.28532
The present research was conducted to estimate the dietary lysine (Lys) requirements of growing quails as based on performance and carcass constituents parameters at 3 to 24 d of age. The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized design arrangement the 6 dietary Lys levels; 1, 1.15, 1.30 (NRC 1994), 1.45, 1.60, and 1.75 %, from 3 to 24 d of age. A dose-response diet mainly based on corn, corn gluten and soybean meal was used. Lys content was minimized in dose-response diet (1%) while assuring the minimum levels of all other essential amino acids in a manner that would meet or exceed NRC (1994) recommendation. Each treatment consisted of 5 floor pens as replicate with 50 quail chicks. Second order equation methods were utilized for determining the optimum dietary Lys levels. With increase in dietary Lys, body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio improved significantly (P < 0.05). In female Japanese quail, carcass and breast weights were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by dietary Lys. While dietary Lys has no significant effect on thigh weight, carcass and breast yields in female quails (P > 0.05), in male quails, Carcass, breast, thigh weights as well as yields are significantly affected by Lys level, during the birds 3-24 d of age (P < 0.05). Lys needs based on second order equation method when mixed performance parameters taken as response of Lys requirement were recorded as 1.48% at 3-24 d of age. The data suggested that total Lys requirement could be estimated based on second order equation method as 1.48, 1.54% respectively for female and male quails when carcass constitutents are considered at the birds 24 d of age. These results indicate that the NRC (1994) Lys requirement of Lys 1.30% (total basis) is not adequate from the birds 3 to 24 d of age for optimum performance in the case of Japanese quails.
Japanese quail,lysine,performance,Second order equation
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28532.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28532_13c8d35723829a9aafcb53846f91252d.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
A Comparison of the Effect of Grass pea Treatment, on Estimated Metabolizable Energy through in Vitro Methods
249
260
FA
narges
vahdani
دانشجوی دکتری پردیس کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران
rezayazdi2@ut.ac.ir
hosein
moravj
0000-0002-8746-999X
دانشیار دانشگاه تهران
hmoraveg@ut.ac.ir
kamran
reza yazdi
0000-0002-1835-8612
دانشیار دانشگاه تهران
rezayazdi@ut.ac.ir
mahdi
dehghan
0000-0001-8448-1371
دانشیار دانشگاه تهران
dehghanb@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/ijas.2012.28533
For treatment of Anti-Nutritional Factors(ANFs), (?-N-oxalyl -L- ?, ? -diaminopropionic acid (?-ODAP) and Condensed Tannin (CT)) in grass pea, some such alkali treatments as NaOH, NaHCO3, KMnO4 and wood ash, besides water soaking and polyethylene glycol (PEG) (6000 MW) were employed . Metabolizable Energy (ME) of treated and of untreated grass pea was assessed using gas production technique, two-stage in vitro digestibility technique as well as chemical composition determination. merely NaOH treatment significantly increased ME in two step digestibility method. In ME calculation that using gas production, the ME content of grass pea was 8.52 (MJ/Kg DM), while water soaking and PEG revealed the highest levels of, 11.48 and 10.96 (MJ/Kg DM), respectively. There were negative significant correlations observed between ?-ODAP concentration and both OMD (-0.47) as well as DOMD (-0.48). There was no negative effect of CT content of grass pea on dry matter digestibility (correlation 0.55). As regards high crude protein content, percent of ?-ODAP reduction and ME content, either one of NaOH or water soaking treatments are recommended as the most suitable treatments as regards grass pea.
Condensed tannins,gas
production technique,Grass pea metabolizable energy,two-stage in vitro digestibility technique
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28533.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28533_50746c686180aab3791f98edd7e15982.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
Comparison between Bayesc and GBLUP in Estimating Genomic Breeding Values under Different QTL Variance Distributions
261
268
FA
Masoud
Shirali
دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه تهران
masoud.shirali@gmail.com
Seyed Reza
Miraei-Ashtiani
استاد دانشگاه تهران
hmehrban2@ut.ac.ir
Abbas
Pakdel
دانشیار دانشگاه تهران
pakdel@cc.iut.ac.ir
Chris
Haley
پژوهشگاه رازلین و مرکز سلطنتی مطالعات دامپزشکی، دانشگاه ادینبرو.
masoud.shirali2@roslin.ed.ac.uk
Ricardo
Pong-Wong
بخش ژنتیک انسانی مرکز مطالعات پزشکی، پژوهشگاه ژنتیک و درمانهای مولکولی مرکز مطالعات پزشکی، دانشگاه ادینبرو.
masoud.shirali@roslin.ed.ac.uk
10.22059/ijas.2012.28534
A genome consisted of 1000 biallelic single nucleotide polymorphisems (SNPs) on one chromosome with 100 CM length was simulated and different QTL variance distributions (Uniform, Normal and Gamma) and various numbers of QTL (5, 10 and 20) were considered as simulation assumptions and consecutively 9 various traits were generated. The comparison between GEBVs obtained from BayesC and GBLUP showed that GEBVs and true breeding values were largely correlated (r > 0.80) in training population for all traits. Comparing accuracies of GEBVs showed that both BayesC and GBLUP methods performed similarly, except in traits with 5 QTLs BayesC performed significantly better (P < 0.05). The accuracies of estimations using BayesC indicated that this method performed better under scenarios with low number of QTL and gamma variance distribution in trait of interest. However, GBLUP presented accurate estimations in all traits; and number of QTL and QTL variance distributions had no impact on accuracies of GBLUP estimations. These results can be due to assumed genetics model in trait of interest in each method.
BayesC,Breeding value,GBLUP,Number of QTL,QTL variance distribution
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28534.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28534_bff5e7df581d52248ef25729b15b839b.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
Economic Aspects of Mature Body Weight and Age at First Calving in Holstein Dairy Cattle of Iran
269
278
FA
ali
sadeghi
0000-0001-6261-4057
دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه تهران
sadeghism@ut.ac.ir
mohamad
moradi shahre babak
0000-0003-1560-7641
استاد دانشگاه تهران
moradim@ut.ac.ir
ardashir
nejati javaremi
0000-0002-0228-011X
دانشیار دانشگاه تهران
ardeshir.nejati@gmail.com
seyed reza
mirayi ashtiani
استاد دانشگاه تهران
hmehrban2@ut.ac.ir
piter
arimer
دانشگاه نیوزلند
sadeghism4@cc.iut.ac.ir
temti
jan bern
دانشگاه نیوزلند
sadeghism3@cc.iut.ac.ir
mahdi
taghi nejad
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
sadeghism2@cc.iut.ac.ir
10.22059/ijas.2012.28535
The aim followed in the present study was to investigate the economic aspects of , and to derive Economic Weights (EWs) for Mature Body Weight (MBW) as well as for age at First Calving (AFC) in Holstein dairy cattle of Iran. Economic values (EVs) for traits were estimated using trait-by-trait bio-economic models. Absolute EVs were RLs -16400 and -17900 per cow per year for MBW and AFC, respectively. Because of the negative effects of these traits on profitability, EWs of -7540 for MBW and -3760 for AFC are suggested for a national selection index. A one day increase in AFC increased production costs by Rls 39600 per cow per year. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the EV for MBW was more sensitive to changes in live weight price than to feed costs. Results obtained in this study can be used in the development of breeding objectives and in the cost- benefit analysis of management programs which aim at changing the attitudes of farmers and of their consultants towards decreasing costs and therefore increasing profitability.
modeling,Production costs,selection Index
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28535.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28535_09326a4fda49156b63ffc0d73f79f882.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
A Phenotypic and Genetic Study of Production Traits of Iranian Buffalloes
279
286
FA
karim
hasan poor
دانشجوی ارشد دانشگاه تهران
karimhasanpur@yahoo.com
mohammad
moradi shahre babak
0000-0003-1560-7641
استاد دانشگاه تهران
moradim@ut.ac.ir
mostafa
sadeghi
استادیار دانشگاه تهران
sadeghi@mailinator.com
davood
kianzad
کارشناس ارشد مرکز اصلاح نژاد دام و بهبود تولیدات دامی
karimhasanpur2@yahoo.com
10.22059/ijas.2012.28536
To study the effects of environmental factors on milk and fat yields (240day) traits of Iranian buffaloes, 22596 and 22165 records were utilized for milk and fat yield traits, respectively. Uni and bivariate analysis for estimation of (co)variation components of the traits were done in five lactations. Milk yield in the 1st lactation had the highest number of records (4482), collected through Center of Animal Breeding during 1986 2009. Estimation of genetic trends for both traits in the 1st lactation was also done. All factors except age at calving and season of calving exerted significant effects (p<0.01) on mile yield. Also all factors except age at calving significantly affected fat yield (p<0.01). High additive genetic variation was observed in this population and resulted in high heritability for either of the traits. Average heritability obtained from single and double trait genetic analyses for milk yield at five lactations were 0.49, 0.41, 0.54, 0.47 and 0.35 while for fat yield they amounted to 0.45, 0.36, 0.55, 0.40 and 0.50, respectively. Genetic correlations of milk yield in different lactations were higher than those for fat yield in different lactations. Genetic correlations among milk and fat yields in different lactations were high and positive.
Buffallo,environmental factors,Genetic parameter,production traits
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28536.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28536_d936748d74329327f939b1c2e4b1a0de.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
43
2
2012
08
22
The Influence of Echium Amoneum Extract on on vitro Ruminal Fermentation, Protozoa Population and Reduction of Methane Production
287
296
FA
ebrahim
noorian
دانشجوی دکتر تربیت مدرس
rozbeh_y4@modares.ac.ir
yoosef
roozbehan
دانشیار تربیت مدرس
rouzbeh_y@modares.ac.ir
10.22059/ijas.2012.28537
In this trial, the effect of different levels of Echum amoneum (EA) (0.3, 30, 300 or 3000 µl) on in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics and methane production was assessed. The parameters studied were in vitro Gas Production (IVGP), methane production, ammonia (NH3-N) concentration, in vitro Organic Matter Degradability (IVOMDe), Partitioning Factor (PF) (the ratio of substrate truly degraded to gas volume produced at 24 h of incubation) and total Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs) concentration. The correlation of methane gas with total protozoa population and three subfamilies of Entodiniinae, Ophryscolecinae, Diplodiniinae and family of Isotrichdae, also, were studied. Gas production from insoluble fraction (b) (linear effect; P<0.01) was significantly (quadratic effect; P<0.01) increased with increasing level of EA. The inclusion of EA at either 300 or 3000µl increased IVGP at hours 24 and 54 (linear effect; P<0.01). However, methane production was reduced (linear effect; P<0.05) by 54, 41 or 43% when EA was added at 3, 30 or 300 µl respectively, without changing the degradability of organic matter. The inclusion of EA extract reduced NH3-N concentration (P<0.01), while PF (quadratic effect; P<0.01) led to an increase. On the other hand, EA addition decreased the concentration of VFAs and acetic acid (P<0.05), but increased the propionic acid (P<0.05). Moreover, the inclusion of EA has shown a significant effect of antiprotozoal activity, and, there is a tendency of total protozoa population, Diplodiniinae, Ophryscolecinae, and Isotrichdae family to decline. The results finally suggest that EA plant is of the potential to positively manipulate in vitro ruminal fermentation.
Echium amoneum,methane,Ruminal fermentation,sheep
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28537.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_28537_86c9302d0975f429b5e7e720f7de4029.pdf