پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
51
3
2020
11
21
Effects of replacing corn silage with barley silage on performance of high-producing Holstein cows
173
181
FA
Abolfazl
Soltani
Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
abolfazl602000@yahoo.com
Mehdi
Dehghan banadaky
0000-0001-8448-1371
Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
dehghanb@ut.ac.ir
Abolfazl
Zali
0000-0001-9654-2063
Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
a.zali@ut.ac.ir
Farhang
Fatehi
0000-0003-3262-5841
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
fatehif@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/ijas.2020.289965.653741
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of the replacement of corn silage with barley silage on high producing dairy cow performance. Thirty six high-producing (57.3±3.9kg/d) dairy cow in mid-lactation (93±7 DIM) were assigned to one of three experimental treatments including (1) no barley silage (BS) and 30% corn silage (CS), (2) 10% BS and 20% CS, and (3) 20% BS and 10 % CS in the TMR over two 24-day periods. The results showed that replacement of corn silage with barley silage linearly increased fat corrected milk (FCM; P=0.04), fat yield (P=0.04) and fat corrected milk production efficiency (P=0.01). There was also a tendency for linear increase in milk fat percentage (P=0.08), and linear decrease in milk lactose percentage (P=0.05). Ruminal acetate proportion and pH increased with increasing barley silage and propionate proportion decreased. Increasing barley silage resulted in linear increase in dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDF; P<0.05). This study showed that replacing corn silage with barley silage could be considered as a successful strategy to improve performance and forage provisions of high-producing dairy cows.
Barley silage,corn silage,Forage,lactating cow
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_78950.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_78950_6f01a7b0904b0aa294b53732c4026adf.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
51
3
2020
11
21
Effects of feeding different trace mineral sources on performance and health of Afshari ewes and lambs
183
192
FA
Hamid
Amanlou
0000-0002-5631-125X
Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
amanlou@znu.ac.ir
Marziyeh
Khebri
Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
marziyehkhebri.1370@gmail.com
Behnam
Rostami
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
brostami@znu.ac.ir
Najme
Eslamian Farsuni
0000-0002-7921-3302
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shahrekord, Iran
n.e.farsuni@gmail.com
Tahere
Amirabadi Farahani
0000-0001-5433-1946
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
amirabadi_t@yahoo.com
Mohsen
Khalili
Post Doctoral Researcher, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
10.22059/ijas.2020.294836.653763
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of feeding different trace minerals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Se and Co) sources from 4 weeks pre- lambing until 5 week post-lambing on performance and health of Afshari ewes and lambs. Thirty six pregnant Afshari ewes were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments at 32.5±5 d before expected lambing date. Experimental treatments were basal diet without supplemental trace minerals (Control, n=12), basal diet plus sulfate sources of trace minerals (Sulfate, n=12) and basal diet plus organic sources of trace minerals chelating to Glycine (Glycinate, n=12). In each treatment, ewes were balanced for fetal number, body weight (BW), Body condition score (BCS) and expected lambing date. Dry matter intake, BW, BCS and their changes, colostrum and milk yield and milk composition were not affected by treatments (P>0.05). There was no effect of treatments on serum metabolites concentrations, except a tendency (P=0.07) to increase in serum glucose concentrations pre-lambing for ewes receiving sulfate sources of trace minerals compared to those in Glycinate group. Birth weight of lambs was similar among treatments, but lambs BW from ewes fed glycinate source of trace minerals at 35 d was greatest among treatments (P= 0.05). Likewise, average daily gain (ADG) of lambs from Glycinate ewes tended to be greater at 35 and 70 d compared to control and sulfate groups (P=0.07). Overall, feeding chelated trace minerals per- and post-lambing Ashari ewes improved growth performance of lambs until 70d.
Afshari ewe,late pregnancy,trace minerals
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_78951.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_78951_1a0c85b0e730903f87fa68db790e4170.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
51
3
2020
11
21
Effect of inactivated Tsukamurella inchonensis on post vaccination serum titer against infectious bursal disease in broiler chicks
193
199
FA
Katayoon
Nofouzi
Associate Professor, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
nofouzi@tabrizu.ac.ir
Monireh
Khordadmehr
Associate Professor, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
khordadmehr@tabrizu.ac.ir
Vahid Reza
Ranjbar
Ph.D. Graduate, Clinic of Poultry Disease, Yazd Province, Yazd, Iran
m.khordadmehr20@gmail.com
10.22059/ijas.2020.304474.653784
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of inactivated <em>Tsukamurella inchonensis </em>(<em>T. inchonensis</em>) on the immune response against infectious bursal disease (IBD) vaccination in broiler chicks. Ross broiler chicks in the cage (n= 180; one day old) were randomly assigned to five groups (36 birds in each group). Experimental diets were prepared by adding 10<sup>6</sup> cells per bird of inactivated <em>T .inchonensis</em> into the commercial basal diet. For group the treatment was continuously dosed during 24 h from day 1 to day 13; and for group 2 during 24 h on days 1 to 5; 8; 9, 12 and 13. Group 3 was received 10<sup>6</sup> bacteria as subcutaneous injection on days 1, 6, and 12. Groups 4 and 5 weren't received <em>T. inchonensis</em> during the experiment period. Blood was collected on days 1, 14, 28, and 42 from the wing vein of 12 birds, randomly per treatment. Serum IBD antibody titer were studied by ELISA, which measured by double-antibody sandwich ELISA using commercial kits.<em> T. inchonensis</em> treatments, irrespective of the routes of delivery, increased the antibody titers to IBD vaccines, especially when broiler chickens treated with pulse dosed in the feed (p < 0.05). <em>T. inchonensis</em> augmented the effects of IBD vaccination in strengthening subsequent anti-viral responses.
actinomycetes,immune responses,route of administration
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_78952.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_78952_a876f885b66880d7b49c2df672b54196.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
51
3
2020
11
21
Effect of replacing wheat straw with alfalfa hay and corn silage in the diets containing similar concentrations of physically effective NDF on performance of lactating dairy cows
201
210
FA
Movahed
Poormirza
Former M.Sc. Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
m.poormirza@alumni.ut.ac.ir
Ahmad
Afzalzadeh
Professor, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
aafzal@ut.ac.ir
Ali
Asadi Alamouti
0000-0003-2867-9521
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
a.alamouti@ut.ac.ir
Mohammad Ali
Norouzian
Associate Professor, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
manorouzian@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/ijas.2020.299176.653774
This study aimed to investigate the effects of partial replacement of wheat straw for corn silage and alfalfa hay at 7% diet dry matter (DM) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, and milk production of late-lactation Holstein cows. Eight multiparous Holstein cows (averaging 2.9±0.35 parity; 43.6±2.6 kg/d milk yield; 214±18 d in milk) were used in a replicated 4×4 Latin Square design. During each of four 21-d periods, cows were fed total mixed rations varying in forage source: 1) control (13.5% alfalfa hay, 20% corn silage and 66.5% concentrate), 2) wheat straw replaced for corn silage, 3) wheat straw replaced for alfalfa hay 4) wheat straw equally replaced for corn silage and alfalfa hay. Diets were formulated to contain similar values of NDF, forage NDF and physically effective NDF. The DM intake, milk production and compositions as well as total tract digestibility of DM, organic matter, NDF, and crude protein were unaffected by treatments. Likewise, ruminal and blood parameters were not affected by experimental treatments. Body weight gain tended to be lower (P=0.06) for cows fed the wheat straw-included diets. These results indicated that, at 7% of diet DM, chopped wheat straw could be used as an alternative for major forage sources high concentrate diets for lactation cows yielding over 40 kg/d milk.
dry matter intake,fiber digestibility,lactating cow,wheat straw
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_78953.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_78953_ac3a558697ebfbd987b176bb53a99f43.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
51
3
2020
11
21
The Effect of source and particle size of fiber on performance and gastrointestinal tract characteristics in broiler chickens up to 21 days of age
211
220
FA
Leili
Jamshidi
0000-0002-1661-5611
Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
leilijamshidi70@gmail.com
Soudabeh
Moradi
0000-0002-2739-2038
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
s.moradi@razi.ac.ir
10.22059/ijas.2020.301260.653779
The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of fiber source and particle size on growth performance and gastrointestinal tract characteristics in broiler chickens from d 1 to 21. A total of 420 male broiler chickens were randomly distributed in 7 treatments and 6 replicates per treatment, which were arranged factorially. Experimental treatments including three insoluble fiber sources, 3% (sunflower hulls, SFH; rice hulls, RH; and camelina hulls, CH), and two sizes of fiber particles (fine (1 mm) and coarse (3 mm)), and a control group (without fiber addition). Main effects of fiber sources and particle size on feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were not significant (P˃0.05), whereas, the inclusion of fine SFH improved body weight gain compared to the control group (P<0.05). The main effects of source and size of fibers did not affect gizzard weight, although the inclusion of coarse SFH tended to increase gizzard weight compared to control (P=0.08). The SFH and RH-containing diets improved the relative jejunum weight than the CH-containing diet (P<0.05). Experimental treatments did not influence the pH of proventriculus and gizzard, as well as the relative weights of duodenum and ileum. The main effect of fiber particle size was significant in term of cecum weight, so that coarse grinding increased cecum weight compared to fine grinding (P<0.05). Based on the results of this research, dietary inclusion 3% of sunflower hulls, rice hulls, and camelina hulls in the diet of broilers had no negative impacts on the growth performance of broiler chickens, while diluting the diet with sunflower hulls could improve body weight and gizzard weight.
Broiler Chickens,fiber particle size,fiber source,Gastrointestinal tract
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_78954.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_78954_fc2071fd83b7cf04f5d655e5bf4da558.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
51
3
2020
11
21
Genome-wide association study for milk production and somatic cell score traits in Iranian Holstein cattle
221
229
FA
Rostam
Pahlavan
0000-0001-9242-5994
Ph.D. Candidate in Animal Breeding and Genetics , Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
r_pahlavan@yahoo.com
Mohammad
Moradi Shahre Babak
0000-0003-1560-7641
Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
moradim@ut.ac.ir
Ardeshir
Nejati Javaremi
0000-0002-0228-011X
Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
ardeshir.nejati@gmail.com
Rostam
Abdollahi Arpanahi
Researcher, Department of Animal Science, University of Florida, USA
rostam7474@gmail.com
10.22059/ijas.2020.308210.653796
The main objective of dairy farmers is to maximize their profit. Increased incidence of mastitis in farms is one of the health problems, causing in serious economic losses as a consequence of treatment costs and reduction of production and longevity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic architecture and associated genomic regions with milk production and somatic cell score (SCS) as an indirect measure of mastitis and the quality of raw milk. Thus, an SNP data set from 1938 Holstein bulls were used in a single-step genome-wide association study. The proportion of additive genetic variance (agv) for each of 1.5-Mb genomic window (adjacent SNPs) was used to identify informative genomic regions, accounting for more than 1% of the agv. A total of 11 significant windows over 9 <em>bovine </em>autosomes were found for the SCS. A peak on BTA14 explained the largest proportion of variance (3.85%). These regions together, explained 20% of agv and harbored 94 candidate genes. For milk yield, we identified 6 informative windows across 6 chromosomes, and a peak on BTA10 explained 2.08% of agv. These regions, explained 8.8% of the agv and sheltered 89 candidate genes. For the fat yield, 9 significant windows were identified on 7 chromosomes and explained 15.6% of agv, and 9 windows contained 87 candidate genes on 8 bovine autosomes were associated with milk protein yield (10.6% of agv). Four genomic regions had a pleiotropic effect. These findings can be an important source of information in genomic evaluation of dairy cattle.
Candidate Gene,genomic windows,Holstein,somatic cell score
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_78955.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_78955_5e815e7b3b72aec7732a7d18970b70ce.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
51
3
2020
11
21
Inbreeding depression for growth traits in small ruminants: A meta-analysis
231
241
FA
Bilal
Bahrami
Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
b.bahrami@agri.uok.ac.ir
Mohammad
Razmkabir
0000-0003-2445-2899
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
m.razmkabir@uok.ac.ir
Peyman
Mahmoudi
Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
peyman.mahmoudi@uok.ac.ir
10.22059/ijas.2020.293674.653759
Because of undesirable effects on economic traits and performance of animals, the inbreeding has always been a challenge in animal breeding. Control of inbreeding at an appropriate level for improving the response to selection is very important. Reported values for inbreeding depression rates varied across populations of small ruminants. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of inbreeding on growth traits, including birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), sixth month weight (6MW), ninth month weight (9MW) and yearly weight (YW) in small ruminants. A meta-analysis was performed in order to obtain a more precise estimation of inbreeding depression. Meta-analysis is an analytical technique designed to summarize the results of multiple studies. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software was used to analyze data. Cochran’s Qtest and I-squared (I<sup>2</sup>)statistic were used to quantify heterogeneity of studies and select the appropriate analysis model. A sensitivity analysis was applied by removing one study at a time to detect stability of overall results. Publication bias among studies was determined using the Egger’s regression test. The results of this meta-analysis showed that the inbreeding depression per one percent increase in inbreeding for BW, WW, 6MW, 9MW and YW were -0.004, -0.054, -0.035 -0.13 and -0.067 kg, respectively. In addition, inbreeding effects were significant for BW and WW (p <0.05).
Body weight traits,inbreeding depression,Meta-analysis,sheep and goat
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_79398.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_79398_4279fa1c94fd682e6c43d777a7126487.pdf
پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
Iranian Journal of animal Science
2008-4773
2423-7949
51
3
2020
11
21
Identification of genes, biological pathways and signaling affecting heat stress with microarray data sets in poultry
243
251
FA
Milad
Rezaei Sinaki
M.Sc. Student of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
miladrezaei@ut.ac.ir
Mostafa
Sadeghi
0000-0002-7145-622x
Associate Professor of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
sadeghimos@ut.ac.ir
Abolfazl
Bahrami
0000-0001-7330-4134
Former Ph.D. Srtudent of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
a.bahrami@ut.ac.ir
Mohammad
Moradi Shahrbabak
0000-0003-1560-7641
Professor of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
moradim@ut.ac.ir
10.22059/ijas.2020.307066.653793
Heat stress in poultry decreases performance, weakens immune system and increases mortality, significantly. Given the interactions between biological pathways involved in heat stress, it is necessary to use a comprehensive approach to study heat stress. In this study, the effects of heat stress on gene expression in two groups of broilers under heat stress and without heat stress (control) were investigated. In the analysis, microarray data were extracted from 1000 genes and after removing duplicate genes and out of the level of significance in expression (P <0.01), 709 genes were identified. Using the String site and gene analysis in Cytoscape software, 115 genes were identified in four functional modules. The identified modules were involved in biological pathways of Spliceosome, Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, Ribosome biogenesis, Protein Processing in Endoplasmic Reticulum, Autophagy-Animal and Important Signaling pathways including Innate Immune System, MAPK pathway and Cellular Senescence. The results of this study showed that heat stress in poultry plays an important role in growth function, immune system and other biological mechanisms. Identifying the genes involved in heat stress such as PTEN and HSPs in birds, and reviewing microarray data could open new horizons for a better understanding heat stress-related biological process.
Biological pathways,gene expression,heat stress,Microarray,signaling pathways
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_79399.html
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_79399_5a3ffa85d4a6896f2a9cfc92a3735c03.pdf