ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study of the correlation among milk production traits, its components and the breeding value of these traits with predicted methane using volatile fatty acids in Iranian Holstein cattle
The methane production from ruminant production system was estimated to reach 250-500 L per animal per day which has been reported to contribute up to 8-10 % of global warming during the next 50-100 years. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation among methane emission (predicted by volatile fatty acids) with milk production traits, its components and breeding values (BV) of these traits in Iranian Holstein cattle. The rumen digesta was obtained from 150 cattle through stomach tubing and this population divided into 2 groups with 75 cattle in each (the groups have different milk production BV). Data were analyzed by R.3.3.0. The results showed that methane emission per unit of milk and fat were different in the two groups (P<0.0001). Also, the BVs of milk production, fat and protein traits and daily production of milk, fat and protein had weak to moderate negative correlation with methane emission per unit(P<0.05). The highest correlation was observed between daily production of fat with methane emission per unit of fat (-0.79) as well as daily milk production with methane emission per unit of milk (-0.62). These results showed that methane emission may be reduced by indirect selection per generation for the traits had a high correlation with the gas (daily production of milk and fat).
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_72378_01e7c418bd5f303df3cfda9ae6e72adc.pdf
2019-05-22
1
10
10.22059/ijas.2017.230439.653526
Breeding value
Correlation
Iranian Holstein cattle
methane
production and component of milk
Ali
Jalil Sarghale
ali_jalil17@ut.ac.ir
1
Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Moradi Shahre Babak
moradim@ut.ac.ir
2
Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hossein
Moradi Shahrbabak
hmoradis@ut.ac.ir
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Ardeshir
Nejati Javaremi
ardeshir.nejati@gmail.com
4
Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahdi
Saatchi
msaatchi@iastate.edu
5
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, USA
AUTHOR
Asanuma, N. & Iwamoto, M. (1999). The production of formate, a substrate for methanogenesis, from compounds related with the glyoxylate cycle by mixed ruminal microbes. Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho, 70, 67-73.
1
Asanuma, N., Iwamoto, M. & Hino, T. (1999). Effect of the addition of fumarate on methane production by ruminal microorganisms in vitro. Journal of Dairy Science, 82, 780-787.
2
Boujenane, I. (2002). Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters for milk production in moroccan Holstein-Friesian cows. Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux, 55, 63-67.
3
Capper, J. L., Cady, R. & Bauman, D. (2009). The environmental impact of dairy production: 1944 compared with 2007. Journal of Animal Science, 87, 2160-2167.
4
Chauhan, V. & Hayes, J. (1991). Genetic parameters for first lactation milk production and composition traits for Holsteins using multivariate restricted maximum likelihood. Journal of Dairy Science, 74, 603-610.
5
Cue, R., Monardes, H. & Hayes, J. (1987). Correlations between production traits in first lactation Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 70, 2132-2137.
6
De Haas, Y., Windig, J., Calus, M., Dijkstra, J., De Haan, M., Bannink, A. & Veerkamp, R. (2011). Genetic parameters for predicted methane production and potential for reducing enteric emissions through genomic selection. Journal of Dairy Science, 94, 6122-6134.
7
Ellis, J., Kebreab, E., Odongo, N., McBride, B., Okine, E. & France, J. (2007). Prediction of methane production from dairy and beef cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 90, 3456-3466.
8
Forster, P., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P., Berntsen, T., Betts, R., Fahey, D. W., Haywood, J., Lean, J., Lowe, D.C. & Myhre, G. (2007). Changes in atmospheric constituents and in radiative forcing. Chapter 2, Climate Change 2007. The Physical Science Basis.
9
Hayes, B.J., Lewin, H.A. & Goddard, M.E. (2013). The future of livestock breeding: genomic selection for efficiency, reduced emissions intensity, and adaptation. Trends in Genetics, 29, 206-214.
10
Herd, R., Bird, S., Donoghue, K., Arthur, P. & Hegarty, R. (2013). Phenotypic associations between methane production traits, volatile fatty acids and animal breeding traits, Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Animal Breeding and Genetics, pp. 286-289.
11
Hogan, K. (1993) Opportunities to reduce anthropogenic methane emissions in the United States. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, EPA.
12
Hünerberg, M., McGinn, S., Beauchemin, K., Entz, T., Okine, E., Harstad, O. & McAllister, T. (2015). Impact of ruminal pH on enteric methane emissions. Journal of Animal Science, 93, 1760-1766.
13
Johnson, D.E. & Ward, G.M. (1996). Estimates of animal methane emissions. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 42, 133-141.
14
Kandel, P. B., Gengler, N. & Soyeurt, H. (2015). Assessing variability of literature based methane indicator traits in a large dairy cow population. Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement, 19, 11-19.
15
Kandel, P.B., Vanderick, S., Vanrobays, M.L., Vanlierde, A., Dehareng, F., Froidmont, E., Soyeurt, H. & Gengler, N. (2014). Consequences of selection for environmental impact traits in dairy cows. In: Proceedings of 10th World Congress of Genetics Applied to Livestock Productio. Vancouver, Canada.
16
Kandel, P.B., Vanrobays, M.L., Vanlierde, A., Dehareng, F., Froidmont, E., Dardenne, P., Lewis, E., Buckley, F., Deighton, M. & McParland, S. (2013). Genetic parameters for methane emissions predicted from milk mid-infrared spectra in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 95, 388.
17
Knapp, J., Laur, G., Vadas, P., Weiss, W. & Tricarico, J. (2014). Invited review: Enteric methane in dairy cattle production: Quantifying the opportunities and impact of reducing emissions. Journal of Dairy Science, 97, 3231-3261.
18
Murray, R., Bryant, A. & Leng, R. (1976). Rates of production of methane in the rumen and large intestine of sheep. British Journal of Nutrition, 36, 1-14.
19
Ottenstein, D. & Bartley, D. (1971). Improved gas chromatography separation of free acids C2-C5 in dilute solution. Analytical Chemistry, 43, 952-955.
20
Palut, M.P.J. & Canziani, O.F. (2007). Contribution of working group II to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press.
21
Ramin, M., Lerose, D., Tagliapietra, F. & Huhtanen, P. (2015). Comparison of rumen fluid inoculum vs. faecal inoculum on predicted methane production using a fully automated in vitro gas production system. Livestock Science, 181, 65-71.
22
Ren, N., Liu, M., Wang, A., Ding, J. & Li, H. (2003). Organic acids conversion in methanogenic-phase reactor of the two-phase anaerobic process. Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue/[bian ji, Zhongguo ke xue yuan huan jing ke xue wei yuan hui" Huan jing ke xue" bian ji wei yuan hui.], 24, 89-93.
23
Ren N., Wang, A. & Ma, F. (2005). Acid-producing fermentative microbe physiological ecology. Science Press, Beijing.
24
Seyeddokht, A., Aslaminejad, A., Tahmoorespur, M., Naeeimipour, H., Mahdavi, M. & Zabetiyan, H. M. (2012). Estimation of genetic trend for 305-day milk yield using random regression test day model in Iranian Holstein cattle. Animal Production Research, 1, 9-18. (in Farsi)
25
Shafer, S.R., Walthall, C.L., Franzluebbers, A.J., Scholten, M., Meijs, J., Clark, H., Reisinger, A., Yagi, K., Roel, A. & Slattery, B. (2011). Emergence of the global research alliance on agricultural greenhouse gases. Carbon Management, 2, 209-214.
26
Shook, G. (2006). Major advances in determining appropriate selection goals. Journal of dairy science, 89, 1349-1361.
27
Sneddon, N., Lopez-Villalobos, N., Davis, S., Hickson, R. & Shalloo, L. (2015). Genetic parameters for milk components including lactose from test day records in the New Zealand dairy herd. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 58, 97-107.
28
VanRaden, P. (2004). Invited review: Selection on net merit to improve lifetime profit. Journal of dairy science, 87, 3125-3131.
29
Welper, R. & Freeman, A. (1992). Genetic Parameters for Yield Traits of Holsteins, Including Lactose and Somatic Cell Score1. Journal of Dairy Science, 75, 1342-1348.
30
Wolin, M. J. (1960). A theoretical rumen fermentation balance. Journal of Dairy Science, 43, 1452-1459.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of increasing concentration of dietary fiber in diets supplemented with plant oil on milk fat concentration, rumen parameters and feeding behavior of mid-lactating cows
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of dietary NDF in diets rich in plant oil (sunflower) on milk performance and feeding behavior of mid-lactating Holstein dairy cows. Four primiparous (BW: 525±30 kg; DIM: 103±6) and four multiparous (BW: 587±88 kg; DIM: 99±12) cows were used in a 4×4 replicated Latin square design with 21-d experimental periods. Cows were received 1 of 4 four treatments: 1) 31% fiber (NDF) and no supplement plant oil, LF, 2) 31% fiber with 2% supplement plant oil, LFO 3) 35% fiber with 2% plant oil, MFO 4) 39% fiber with 2% plant oil, HFO. Daily dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield and composition, blood metabolites, dry matter digestibility, rumen fluid characteristics and BW variations were determined. There was no significant different in milk production among diets. Milk fat (P<0.01) and protein (P<0.05) concentrations were significantly affected by treatments. Dry matter intake and DM digestibility were higher (P<0.01) in LFO diet. The cows fed HFO had higher NDF digestibility (P<0.01). Total VFA and acetate concentration were greater for HFO diet and propionate concentration was greater for LFO diet (P<0.01) than the others. Rumen fluid pH was increased by increasing dietary NDF concentration (P<0.01). Chewing activity was positively affected by increasing concentration of dietary NDF (P<0.01). This study showed that diets rich in plant oil and low concentration of NDF induce the milk fat depression in mid-lactating cows.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_72379_d2359063059bbd2f5003fce0c81aa6ea.pdf
2019-05-22
11
21
10.22059/ijas.2019.274806.653682
digestibility
dry matter
Holstein cow
milk content
NDF
Hamidreza
Mirzaei-Alamouti
alamoutih@znu.ac.ir
1
Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Asghar
Aghaei
ms_aghaei65@yahoo.com
2
Former M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Kamran
Akbari
akbari@alumni.znu.ac.ir
3
Former M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mina
Vazirigohar
mvaziri@alumni.ut.ac.ir
4
Former Ph.D. Student, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Akbari-Pabandi, K. & Mirzaei-Alamouti, H. R. (2015). Effects of feeding frequency and plant oil supplementation on performance and feeding behavior of Holstein lactating cows. Journal of Animal Production, 17, 119-129. (in Farsi)
1
Alzahal, O., Odongo, N. E., Mutsvangwa, T., Or-Rashid, M. M., Duffield, T. F., Bagg, R. & Dick, P. (2008). Effects of Monensin and Dietary Soybean Oil on Milk Fat Percentage and Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Lactating Dairy Cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 91, 1166-1174.
2
Amitava, R., Guru, P. M. & Amlan, K. P. (2017). Effects of different vegetable oils on rumen fermentation and conjugated linoleic acid concentration in vitro. Veterinary World, EISSN: 2231-0916.
3
AOAC International. (2000). Official Methods of Analysis. Vol. I. (17th ed.). AOAC International, Arlington, VA.
4
Avila, C. D., DePeters, E. J., Perez-Monti, H., Taylor, S. J. & Zinn, R. A. (2000). Influences of saturation ratio of supplemental dietary fat on digestion and milk yield in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 83, 1505-1519.
5
Bauman, D. E. & Griinari, J. M. (2001). Regulation and nutritional manipulation of milk fat: low-fat milk syndrome. Livestock Production Science, 70, 15-29.
6
Bauman, D. E. & Currie, W. B. (1980). Partitioning of nutrients during pregnancy and lactation: A review of mechanisms involving homeostasis and homeorhesis. Journal of Dairy Science, 63, 1514-1529.
7
Benchaar, C., Romero-Perez, G. A., Chouinard, P. Y., Hassanat, F., Eugene, M., Petit, H. V. & Cortes, C. (2012). Supplementation of increasing amounts of linseed oil to dairy cows fed total mixed rations: effects on digestion, ruminal fermentation characteristic, protozoal populations, and milk fatty acid composition. Journal of Dairy Science, 95, 4578-4590.
8
Baumgard, L. H., Matitashvili, E., Corl, B. A., Dwyer, D. A. & Bauman, D. E. (2002). Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid decreases lipogenic rates and expression of genes involved in milk lipid synthesis in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 85, 2155-2163.
9
Chalupa, W., Rickabaugh, B., Kronfeld, D. S. & Sklan, D. (1984). Rumen fermentation in vitro as influenced by long-chain fatty acids. Journal of Dairy Science, 67, 1439-1444.
10
Chelikani, P. K., Ball, J. A. & Kennelly, J. J. (2004). Effect of feeding or abomasal infusion of canola oil in Holstein cows 1. Nutrient digestion and milk composition. Journal of Dairy Research, 71, 279-287.
11
Dhiman, T. R., Satter, L. D., Pariza, M. W., Galli, M. P., Albright, K. & Tolosa, M. X. (2000). Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of milk from cows offered diets rich in linoleic and linolenic acid. Journal of Dairy Science, 83, 1016-1027.
12
Dohme, F., Machmüller, A., Wasserfallen, A. & Kreuzer, M. (2000). Comparative efficiency of various fats rich in medium-chain fatty acids to suppress ruminal methanogenesis as measured with RUSITEC. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 80, 473-784.
13
Firkins, J. L. (1997). Effects of feeding nonforage fiber sources on site of fiber digestion. Journal of Dairy Science, 80, 1426-1437.
14
Firkins, J. L. (1996). Maximizing microbial protein synthesis in the rumen. The Journal of Nutrition, 126, 1347S-1354S.
15
Harvatine, K. J. & Allen, M. S. (2006a). Effects of fatty acid supplements on feed intake, and feeding and chewing behavior of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 89, 1104-1112.
16
Harvatine, K. J. & Allen, M. S. (2006b). Effects of Fatty Acid Supplements on Ruminal and Total Tract Nutrient Digestion in Lactating Dairy Cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 89, 1092-1103.
17
Ivan, M., Petit, H., Chiquette, J. & Wright, A. D. (2013). Rumen fermentation and microbial population in lactating dairy cows receiving diets containing oilseeds rich in C-18 fatty acids. British Journal of Nutrition, 109, 1211-1218.
18
Kargar, S., Khorvash, M., Ghorbani, G. R., Alikhani, M. & Yang, W. Z. (2010) Short communication: effects of dietary fat supplements and forage: concentrate ratio on feed intake, feeding, and chewing behavior of Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 93, 4297-4301.
19
Kononoff, P. J., Heinrichs, A. J. & Lehman, H. A. (2003). The effect of corn silage particle size on eating behavior, chewing activities, and rumen fermentation in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 86, 3343-3353.
20
Lunsin, R., Wanapat, M., Yuangklang, C. & Rowlinson, P. (2012) Effect of rice bran oil supplementation on rumen fermentation, milk yield and milk composition in lactating dairy cows. Livestock Science, 145, 167-173.
21
Maia, M. O., Susin, I., Ferreira, E. M., Nolli, C. P., Gentil, R. S., Pires, A. V. and Mourao, G. B. 2012. Intake, nutrient apparent digestibility and ruminal constituents of sheepfed diets with canola, sunflower or castor oils. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 41(11), 2350-2356.
22
Mertens, D. R. (1997). Creating a system for meeting the fiber requirements of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 80, 1463-1481.
23
Morgado, E. S., Ezequiel, J. M. B., Galzerano, L. & Santos, V. C. (2014). Consumo,digestibilidade e balanc¸o de nitrogenio de cordeiros alimentados com alto teorde amido ou fibra soluvel em detergente neutro associados ao oleo de girassol(Intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance of lambs fed with high level ofstarch or neutral detergent soluble fiber associated with sunflower oil). Journal of Semina-Ciencias Agrarias, 35(1), 457-466.
24
National Research Council (NRC). (2001). Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. 7th rev ed. National Academy Press. Washington, DC, USA.
25
Nudda, A., Battacone, G. N., Cannas, O. B., Helena, A., Francesconi, A., Atzori, D. & Pulina, A. S. 2014. Feeding strategies to design the fatty acid profile of sheep milk and cheese. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 43(8), 445-456.
26
Onetti, S. G., Shaver, R. D., McGuire, M. A. & Grummer, R. R. (2001). Effect of type and level of dietary fat on rumen fermentation and performance of dairy cows fed corn silage-based diets. Journal of Dairy Science, 84, 2751-2759.
27
Pantoja, J., Firkins, J. L., Eastridge, M. L. & Hull, B. L. (1994). Effects of fat saturation and source of fiber on site of nutrient digestion and milk production by lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 77, 2341-2356.
28
Patra, A. K. & Yu, Z. (2013). Effects of coconut and fish oils on ruminal methanogenesis, fermentation, and abundance and diversity of microbial populations in vitro. Journal of Dairy Science, 96, 1782-1792.
29
Peterson, D. G., Baumgard, L. H. & Bauman, D. E. (2002). Milk Fat Response to Low Doses of trans-10, cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA). Journal of Dairy Science, 85, 1764-1766.
30
Plaizier, J. C., Krause, D. O., Gozho, G. N. & McBride, B. W. (2008). Subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows: The physiological causes, incidence and consequences. Veterinary Journal, 176, 21-31.
31
Poppi, D. P., Ellis, W. C., Matis, J. H. & Lascano, C. E. (2001). Marker concentration patterns of labelled leaf and stem particles in the rumen of cattle grazing Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) analysed by reference to a raft model. British Journal of Nutrition, 85, 553-563.
32
Rabiee, A. R., Breinhild, K., Scott, W., Golder, H. M., Block, E. & Lean, I. J. (2012). Effect of fat additions to diets of dairy cattle on milk production and components: A meta-analysis and meta-regression. Journal of Dairy Science, 95, 3225-3247.
33
Shabi, Z., Bruckental, I., Zamwell, S., Tagari, H. & Arieli, A. (1999) Effects of extrusion of grain and feeding frequency on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, and milk yield and composition in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 82, 1252-1260.
34
Shingfield, K. J., Lee, M. R. F., Humphries, D. J., Scollan, N. D., Toivonen, V. & Reynolds, C. K. (2010). Effect of incremental amounts of fish oil in the diet on ruminal lipid metabolism in growing steers. British Journal of Nutrition, 104, 56-66.
35
Sjaunja, L. O., Baevre, L., Junkkarinen, L., Pedersen, J. & Setala, J. (1990). A Nordic proposal for an energy corrected milk (ECM) formula. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Session of International Committee for Recording and Productivity of Milk Animal Paris. pp. 156-157.
36
Tafaj, M., Junck, B., Maulbetsch, A., Steingass, H., Piepho, H. P. & Drochner, W. (2004). Digesta characteristics of dorsal, middle and ventral rumen of cows fed with different hay qualities and concentrates levels. Archive Animal Nutrition, 58, 325-342.
37
Van Keulen, V. & Young, B. H. (1977). Evaluation of acid-insoluble ash as natural marker in ruminant digestibility studies. Journal of Animal Science, 26, 119-135.
38
Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B. & Lewis, B. A. (1991) Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74, 3583-3597.
39
Vazirigohar, M., Dehghan-Banadaky, M., Rezayazdi, K., Krizsan, S. J., Nejati-Javaremi, A. & Shingfield, K. J. (2014) Fat source and dietary forage-to-concentrate ratio influences milk fatty-acid composition in lactating cows. Animal, 8, 163-174.
40
Weld, K. A. & Armentano, L. E. (2017). The effects of adding fat to diets of lactating dairy cows on total-tract neutral detergent fiber digestibility: A meta-analysis. Journal of Dairy Science, 100, 1-14.
41
Wu, Z. & Huber, J. T. (1994) Relationship between dietary-fat supplementation and milk protein-concentration in lactating cows-a review. Livestock Production Science, 39, 141-155.
42
Zebeli, Q., Mansmann, D., Ametaj, B. N., Steingass, H. & Drochner, W. (2010). A statistical model to optimize the requirements oflactating dairy cows for physically effective neutral detergent fibre. Archive Animal Nutrition, 64, 265-278.
43
Zebeli, Q., Dijkstra, J., Tafaj, M., Steingass, H., Ametaj, B. N. & Drochner, W. (2008). Modeling the adequacy of dietary fiber in dairy cows based on the responses of ruminal pH and milk fat production to composition of the diet. Journal of Dairy Science, 91, 2046-2066.
44
Zebeli, Q., Aschenbach, J. R., Tafaj, M., Boguhn, J., Ametaj, B. N. & Drochner, W. (2012). Invited review: Role of physically effective fiber and estimation of dietary fiber adequacy in high-producing dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 95, 1041-1056.
45
Zebeli, Q., Dunn, S. M. & Ametaj, B. N. (2011). Perturbations of plasma metabolites correlated with the rise of rumen endotoxin in dairy cows fed diets rich in easily degradable carbohydrates. Journal of Dairy Science, 94, 2374-2382.
46
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of Curcumin on plasma lipid profile and some sperm quality traits in broiler breeder roosters
This study was aimed to determine the effect of dietary Curcumin supplementation on the plasma lipid profile and some sperm quality parameters in broiler breeder roosters. In a completely randomized design, a total of twenty-eight 51-weeks-old Ross-308 roosters were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups (n=7) and individually caged for 9 successive weeks. Treatments were different levels of Curcumin that were added to a basal diet including: T1, control (no Curcumin supplement), T2, 0.006%; T3, 0.012%, and T4, 0.018% of the diet. To determine plasma lipid profile, blood samples were collected from five birds/treatment at the end of the trial. Also, semen samples were weekly collected from each bird during the experiment, and sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity were evaluated. The results showed that concentrations of the plasma glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL were decreased, and concentrations of HDL were increased in T3 and T4 groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in plasma lipid profile and plasma concentration of glucose between T1 and the control group (P<0.05). Sperm plasma membrane integrity and motility were linearly improved in treated groups compared to the control (P<0.05). The highest decrease in plasma lipid profile and most improvements in sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity was observed in T4 groups compared with other groups. In conclusion, considering all the measured parameters, dietary supplementation of 0.018% Curcumin had the best response on modifying plasma lipid profiles and improving sperm quality characteristics compared with other treatments.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_72380_46f88d830c5191b8b05832b2f70af7b1.pdf
2019-05-22
23
33
10.22059/ijas.2017.239397.653550
Curcumin
lipid metabolism
plasma
reproduction
Rooster
Amin
Kazemi
aminkazemi97@gmail.com
1
M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Zareh Shahneh
azareh@ut.ac.ir
2
Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Saeed
Zeinoaldini
zeinoaldini@ut.ac.ir
3
Associated Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali Reza
Yousefi
rezayousefi@ut.ac.ir
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology and Experimental Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Heidari
m.heidari@ut.ac.ir
5
Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Meysam
Tavakoli-Alamooti
tavakolims62@gmail.com
6
Production Manager, Ramsar Toyoor Production Group, Tonekabon, Iran
AUTHOR
Zarbakhat
Ansari
zarbakht_ansari@yahoo.com
7
Associate Professor, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
AUTHOR
Agarwal, A., Virk, G., Ong, C., Du, P. & Stefan, S. (2014). Effect of oxidative stress on male reproduction. The World Journal of Mens Health, 32(1), 1-17.
1
Ahmadi, F. (2010). Effect of turmeric (Curcumin longa) powder on performance, oxidative stress state and some of blood parameters in broiler fed on diets containing aflatoxin B1. Global Veterinaria, 5(6), 312-317.
2
Akhlaghi, A., Ahangari, Y. J., Zhandi, M. & Peebles, E. D. (2014). Reproductive performance, semen quality, and fatty acid profile of spermatozoa in senescent broiler breeder roosters as enhanced by the long-term feeding of dried apple pomace. Animal Reproduction Science, 147(1), 64–73.
3
Donoghue, A & Wishart, G. J. (2000). Storage of poultry semen. Animal Reproduction Science, 62(1), 213-232.
4
Aoun, P., Simpkins, J. W. D. & Agarwal, N. (2003). Role of PPAR-γ ligands in neuroprotection against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in retinal ganglion cells. Investigative Ophthalmology Visual Science, 44(7), 2999-3004.
5
Ashraf, M. Z., Hussain, M. E. & Fahim, M. (2005). Antiatherosclerotic effects of dietary supplementations of garlic and turmeric: Restoration of endothelial function in rats. Life Sciences, 77(8), 837-857.
6
Babu, P. S. & Srinivasan, K. (1997). Hypolipidemic action of curcumin, the active principle of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 166(1-2), 169-175.
7
Barreto, M. S. R., Menten, J. F. M., Racanicci, A. M. C., Pereira, P. W. Z. & Rizzo, P. V. (2008). Plant extracts used as growth promoters in broilers. Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Avlcola, 10(2), 109–115.
8
Borghei-Rad, S M., Zeinoaldini, S., Zhandi, M., Moravej, H. & Ansari, M. (2017). Feeding rosemary leaves powder ameliorates rooster age-related subfertility. Theriogenology, 101(2017), 35–43.
9
Burrows, W. H. & Quinn, J. P. (1937). The collection of spermatozoa from the domestic fowl and turkey. Poultry Science.16(1), 19-24.
10
Daneshyar, M., Ghandkanlo, M., Alizadeh; B, F., Sabzi, F. F. & Aghaei, M. (2011). Effects of dietary turmeric supplementation on plasma lipoproteins, meat quality and fatty acid composition in broilers. South African Journal of Animal Science,41(4), 420-428.
11
Debski, B., Zalewski, W., Gralak, M. A. & Kosla, T. (2004). Chromium-yeast supplementation of chicken broilers in an industrial farming system. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology,18(1), 47-51.
12
Desvergne, B. & Wahli, W. (1999). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: nuclear control of metabolism. Endocrine Reviews, 20(5), 649-688.
13
Ergun, A., Kose, S. K., Aydos, K., Ata, A. & Avci, A. (2007). Correlation of seminal parameters with serum lipid profile and sex hormones. Archives of andrology,53(1), 21-23.
14
Ghorbani, Z., Hekmatdoost, A. & Mirmiran, P. (2014). Anti-hyperglycemic and insulin sensitizer effects of turmeric and its principle constituent curcumin. International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism,12(4), e18081.
15
Gobe, G. & Crane, D. (2010). Mitochondria, reactive oxygen species and cadmium toxicity in the kidney. Toxicology letters,19(1), 49-55.
16
Hamzavi, J. Z., Zolghadri, J. S., Hemayatkhah, V., Kargar J. H. & Erfanian, S. (2014). Protective effect of curcumin agains gamma-radiation on testis of Rats. Bimonthly Journal of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences,18(2), 121-131. (in Farsi)
17
Hauner, H. (2002).The mode of action of thiazolidinediones. In Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, 18(S2).
18
Jacob, A., Wu, R., Zhou, M. & Wang, P. (2008) Mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin: PPAR-γ activation, PPAR research 2007, Article ID 89369, 5 pages.
19
Jeyendran, R. S., Ven, H. H., Perez-Pelaez, M., Crabo, B. G. & Zaneveld, L. J. D. (1984). Development of an assay to assess the functional integrity of the human sperm membrane and its relationship to other semen characteristics. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility,70(1), 219-228.
20
Kamal-Eldin, A., Frank, J., Razdan, A., Tengblad, S., Basu, S. & Vessby, B. (2000). Effects of dietary phenolic compounds on tocopherol, cholesterol, and fatty acids in rats. Lipids,35(4), 427-435.
21
Kelso, K. A., Redpath, A., Noble, R. C. & Speake, B. K. (1997). Lipid and antioxidant changes in spermatozoa and seminal plasma throughout the reproductive period of bulls. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, 109(1), 1-6.
22
Kermanshahi, H. & Riasi, A. (2006). Effect of turmeric rhizome powder(Curcuma longa) and soluble NSP degrading enzyme on some blood parameters of laying hens. Poultry science,5(5), 494-498.
23
Khan, R. U. (2011). Antioxidants and poultry semen quality. Worlds Poultry Science Journal, 67(2), 297-308.
24
Khan, R. U., Naz, S., Javdani, M., Nikousefat, Z., Selvaggi, M., Tufarelli, V. & Laudadio, V. (2012). The use of Turmeric(Curcuma longa) in poultry feed. Worlds Poultry Science Journal, 68(1), 97-103.
25
Kosari, A., Hosseinzadeh, A. & Dabidi, R. V. (2012). Effects of endurance training and curcumin supplementation on sperm count and motility and reproductive hormones in rats exposed to lead acetate. In The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility,15(11), 22-33. (in Farsi)
26
Lehrke, M. & Lazar, M. A. (2005). The many faces of PPARγ. Cell, 123(6), 993-999.
27
Malo, C., Gil, L., Cano, R., Martínez, F. & Gale, I. (2011). Antioxidant effect of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) on boar epididymal spermatozoa during cryopreservation. Theriogenology,75(9), 1735-1741.
28
Matsubara, Y., Sato, K., Ishii, H. & Akiba, Y. (2005). Changes in mRNA expression of regulatory factors involved in adipocyte differentiation during fatty acid induced adipogenesis in chicken. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 141(1), 108-115.
29
Monfared, L. (2016). Effects of Mobile Phone Radiation on the Histological and Anatomical Parameters of Testis and Serum Levels of Testosterone in Mice. WWW. Sjimu. Medilam. ac. ir, 24(2), 110-118. (in Farsi)
30
Robinson, F. E., Wilson, J. L., Yu, M. W., Fasenko, G. M.& Hardin, R. T. (1993). The relationship between body weight and reproductive efficiency in meat-type chickens. Poultry Science, 72(5), 912-922.
31
Rukkumani, R., Balasubashini, M.& Menon, V. P. (2003). Protective effects of curcumin and photo irradiated curcumin on circulatory lipids and lipid peroxidation products in alcohol and polyunsaturated fatty acid‐induced toxicity. Phytotherapy Research, 17(8), 925-929.
32
Saemi, F., Zamiri, M. J., Akhlaghi, A., Niakousari, M., Dadpasand, M.& Ommati, M. M. (2012). Dietary inclusion of dried tomato pomace improves the seminal characteristics in Iranian native roosters. Poultry Science, 91(9), 2310-2315.
33
Santiago-Moreno, J., Castano, C., Coloma, M. A., Gómez-Brunet, A., Toledano-Díaz, A., Lopez-Sebastián, A.& Campo, J. L. (2009). Use of the hypo-osmotic swelling test and aniline blue staining to improve the evaluation of seasonal sperm variation in native Spanish free-range poultry. Poultry Science, 88(12), 2661-2669.
34
Saraswati, T. R., Manalu, W.& Ekastuti, K. N. (2013). The role of turmeric powder in lipid metabolism and its effect on quality of the first quail’s egg. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture, 38(2), 123-130.
35
Schisterman, E. F., Mumford, S. L., Chen, Z., Browne, R. W., Boyd B. D., Kim, S. & Buck L.G. M. (2014). Lipid concentrations and semen quality: the LIFE study. Andrology, 2(3), 408-415.
36
Soni, K. B.& Kuttan, R. (1992). Effect of oral curcumin administration on serum peroxides and cholesterol levels in human volunteers. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 36(4), 273- 275.
37
Speake, B K., Surai, P. F., Rooke, J. A., Vriese, S. D. & Christophe, A. (2003). Regulation of avian and mammalian sperm production by dietary fatty acids. Male Fertility and Lipid Metabolism. AOCS Press, Champaign, IL, 96-117.
38
Sukandar, E. Y., Permana, H., Adnyana, I. K., Sigit, J. I., Ilyas, R. A., Hasimun, P.& Mardiyah, D. (2010). Clinical study of turmeric(Curcuma longa L.) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) extracts as antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic agent in type-2 diabetes-dyslipidemia patients. IJP-International Journal of Pharmacology, 6(4), 456-463.
39
Suryanarayana, P., Krishnaswamy, K.& Reddy, G. B. (2003). Effect of curcumin on galactose-induced cataractogenesis in rats. Molecular Vision, 9, 223-30. 24.
40
Swarbrick, M. M., Chapman, C. M., McQuillan, B. M., Hung, J., Thompson, P. L.& Beilby, J. P. (2001). A Pro12Ala polymorphism in the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma 2 is associated with combined hyperlipidaemia in obesity. European Journal of Endocrinology, 144(3), 277-282.
41
Um, M. Y., Hwang, K. H., Ahn, J. & Ha, T. Y. (2013). Curcumin Attenuates Diet‐Induced Hepatic Steatosis by Activating AMP Activated Protein Kinase. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, 113(3), 152-157.
42
Verma, A.& Kanwar, K. C. (1999). Effect of vitamin E on human sperm motility and lipid peroxidation in vitro. Asian Journal of Andrology, 1(3), 151-154.
43
Walzem, R. L.& Chen, S. (2014). Obesity-induced dysfunctions in female reproduction: lessons from birds and mammals. Advances in Nutrition: An International Review Journal, 5(2), 199–206.
44
Weisberg, S. P., Leibel, R.& Tortoriello, D. V. (2008). Dietary curcumin significantly improves obesity-associated inflammation and diabetes in mouse models of diabesity. Endocrinology, 149(7), 3549-3558.
45
Yki-Jarvinen, H. (2004). Thiazolidinediones. New England Journal of Medicine, 351(11), 1106–1118.
46
Zegura, B., Dobnik, D., Niderl, M. H. & Filipic, M. (2011). Antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extracts in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and HepG2 cells. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 32(2), 296-305.
47
Zeinali, A., Kermanshahi, H., Riasi, A., Farhangfar, H., Sarir, H.& Ziaie, H. (2011). Effects of sodium selenite and turmeric powder on thyroid hormones and plasma lipids of broiler chickens reared under heat stress condition. Global Veterineria, 6(3), 237-240.
48
Zhang, J., Hu, Z., Lu, C., Bai, K., Zhang, L.& Wang, Tian. (2015). Effect of various levels of dietary curcumin on meat quality and antioxidant profile of breast muscle in broilers. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 63(15), 3880-3886.
49
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Phylogenetic and Haplogroup analysis of native goats of Iran based on nucleotide sequence of HVR1 region of mitochondrial genome
Iranian indigenous goats are considered as one of the most valuable genetic reserves and it is important to keep their genetic diversity. The mitochondrial genome in an ecotype and comparing it with other ecotypes can provide an appropriate mesures of the diversity of the population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic structure and phylogenetic relationships analysis of mitochondria HVR1 in four populations of indigenous goats in Iran including of Sistani, Pakestani, adani and Black Lori goats (Each of them has 4 heads) and compare to the other species of goats in the world. Total DNA extraction was performed using phenol-chloroform method and proliferation reaction was performed using a pair of special primers. Proliferation products were sequenced after purification by Sanger method. All of these sequences with17 sequences of the mitochondrial genome of other non Iranian goat ecotypes obtained from the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) were used for genetic analysis and phylogenetic tree mapping. Studying of HVR1 region of the mitochondrial genome in different goat populations, 123 polymorphic sites and 16 haplotypes were identified. The analysis of molecular variance showed that 15% of variation belongs to between populations and 85% within populations. All Iranian goat populations used in the present study were grouped in the Haplogroup group A, which were commonly found in world ecotypes. The values of the D and Fs statistics of the Tajima test were negative (-2.14 and -9.55 respectively) in the recent study, which may be due to the small size of the sample size. The results of this study showed that HVR1 region of the mitochondrial genome is a suitable tool for genetic studies and Haplogrouping of Iran and Non Iranian goat populations.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_72381_7c9cd68e1ac11a16fb6c441e853075a0.pdf
2019-05-22
35
46
10.22059/ijas.2019.272018.653672
D-Loop region
Genetic diversity
Phylogenetic relationships
Haplogroup
Maryam
Shariat
maryamshariat00@gmail.com
1
Former M.Sc. Student, Animal Breeding and Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
AUTHOR
Gholam Reza
Dashab
dashab@uoz.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor of Animal Breeding and Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Vafaye valleh
me_va84@yahoo.com
3
Associate Professor of Animal Breeding and Genetic, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
AUTHOR
Alipanah, M., Seydabadi, H. R., Gharan, F. & Rodbari, Z. (2015). Genetic and phylogenetic analysis D-Loop region of mithchondrial genome in Khorasan native turkey. Aniam Science Journal (Pajouhesh and Sazandegi), 107, 119-126. (in Farsi)
1
Doro, M. G., Piras, D., Leoni, G. G., Casu, G., Vaccargiu, S., Parracciani, D. & Novelletto, A. (2014). Phylogeny and patterns of diversity of goat mtDNA haplogroup A revealed by resequencing complete mitogenomes. PloS One, 9, e95969.
2
Excoffier, L. (1993). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) version 1.55. Genetics and Biometry Laboratory, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
3
Huson, D. H. & Steel, M. (2004). Distances that perfectly mislead. Systematic Biology, 53, 327-332.
4
Jazin, E., Soodyall, H., Jalonen, P., Lindholm, E., Stoneking, M., Gyllensten, U. (1998). Mitochondrial mutationrate revisited: hot spots and polymorphism. Nature Genetics, 18, 109-110.
5
Joshi, M. B., Rout, P. K., Mandal, A. K., Tyler-Smith, C., Singh, L. & Thangaraj, K. (2004). Phylogeography and origin of Indian domestic goats. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 21(3), 454-462.
6
Karimi, V., Hedayat Evrigh, N., Seyed Sharifi, R. & Nikbin, S. (2017). Invetigation of genetic structure of Khalkhali goat using mitochondrial genome. Novin Genetic Journal, 12(2), 217-227. (in Farsi)
7
Kimura, M. (1980). A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of molecular evolution, 16(2), 111-120.
8
Lie, D. E., Cean, A., Cziszter, L. T., Gavojdian, D., Ivan, A. & Kusza, S. (2015). Microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA study of native eastern European cattle populations: the case of the Romanian Grey. PLoS One, 10, 1-18.
9
Liu, A. H., Yin, H., Guan, G. Q., Schnittger, L., Liu, Z. J., Ma, M. L. & Ahmed, J. S. (2007). At least two genetically distinct large Babesia species infective to sheep and goats in China. Veterinary Parasitology, 147(3), 246-251.
10
Liu, Y. P., Cao, S. X., Chen, S. Y., Yao, Y. G. & Liu, T. Z. (2009). Genetic diversity of Chinese domestic goat based on the mitochondrial DNA sequence variation. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 126(1), 80-89.
11
Lopez, A. & Bonasora, M. G. (2017). Phylogeography, genetic diversity and population structure in a Patagonian endemic plant. AoB Plants, 16(4), 275.
12
Luikart, G., Gielly, L., Excoffier, L., Vigne, J. D., Bouvet, J. & Taberlet, P. (2001). Multiple maternal origins and weak phylogeographic structure in domestic goats. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98, 5927-5932.
13
Mazdarani, F. H., Akbari, M. T., Fard, R. M. N., Hessari, M. & Pour, K. C. (2014). Molecular identification of Capra hircus in East Chia Sabz, an Iranian pre-pottery Neolithic site, Central Zagros, based on mtDNA. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 24(3), 945-950.
14
Moradpour, Z. & Ghasemian, A. (2011). Bioinformatics in simple language. Biological House Publishing, pp. 446-454. (in Farsi)
15
Mousavizadeh, A., Mohammadabadi, M. R., Torabi, A., Nassiry, M. R., Ghiasi, Esmailizadeh, A. K. (2009). Genetic polymorphism at the growth hormone locus in Iranian Talli goats by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). Iranian Journal of Biotechnology, 7, 51-53. (in Farsi)
16
Muezzini, F., Afraz, S., Vahid, F. & Toligiyani, A. (2015). Study of mitochondrial DNA diversity in native goat populations of Khalkhal and Qazvini. The 9th National Conference of the Islamic Republic of Iran, p. 66-89. (in Farsi)
17
Naderi, S., Rezaei, H. R., Taberlet, P., Zundel, S., Rafat, S. A., Naghash, H. R., Elbarody, M. A. A., Ertugrul, O. & Pompanon, F. (2007). Large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of the domestic goat reveals six haplogroups with high diversity. Plos One, 2(10), 1-12. (in Farsi)
18
Pariset, L., Mariotti, M., Gargani, M., Joost, S., Negrini, R., Perez, T. & Valentini, A. (2011). Genetic diversity of sheep breeds from Albania, Greece, and Italy assessed by mitochondrial DNA and nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs). The Scientific World Journal, 11, 1641-1659.
19
Rout, P., Thangraj, K., Mandal, A. & Roy, R. (2012). Genetic variation and population structure in Jamunapari goats using microsatellites, mitochondrial DNA, and milk protein genes. The Scientific World Journal, 2012, 1-7.
20
Rozas, J., Sachez-Delbarrio, J. C., Messeguer, X. & Rozas, R. (2003). DnaSP, DNA polymorphism analyses by the coalescent and other methods. Bioinformatics, 19, 2496-2497.
21
Sultana, S., Mannen, H. & Tsuji, S. (2003). Mitochondrial DNA diversity of Pakistani goats. Animal Genetics, 34(6), 417-421.
22
Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics, 123, 585-595.
23
Tamura, K., Nei, M. & Kumar, S. (2004). Prospects for inferring very large phylogenies by using the neighbor-joining method. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101(30), 11030-11035.
24
Wu, Y. P., Guan, W. J., Zhao, Q. J., He, X. H., Pu, Y. B., Huo, J. H. & Ma, Y. H. (2009). A fine map for maternal lineage analysis by mitochondrial hypervariable region in 12 Chinese goat breeds. Animal Science Journal, 80, 372-380.
25
Zawadzki, C. H., Pavanelli, C. S. & Langeani, F. (2008). Neoplecostomus (Teleostei: Loricariidae) from the upper Rio Paraná basin, Brazil, with description of three new species. Zootaxa, 1757, 31-48.
26
Zeder, M. A. & Lapham, H. A. (2010). Assessing the reliability of criteria used to identify postcranial bones in sheep, Ovis, and goats, Capra. Journal of Archaeological Science, 37 (11), 2887-2905.
27
Zhao, Y., Zhang, J., Zhao, E., Zhang, X., Liu, X. & Zhang, N. (2011). Mitochondrial DNA diversity and origins of domestic goats in Southwest China (excluding Tibet). Small Ruminant Research, 95 (1), 40-47.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Differential gene expression of two bovine Bos taurus (Holstein) and Bos indicus (Cholistani) sub-species using RNA-Seq data
The aim of this research was to study gene expression profiling and differential analysis between Bos taurus (Holstein) and Bos indicus (Cholistani) subspecies. The transcriptome was assembled through aligning and mapping the RNA-Seq reads that have already been sequenced by next generation sequencing technology. Among 24616 genes and 26717 transcripts, only 41 genes were differently expressed. The highest digital gene expression was measured for a mitochondrial gene (ENSBTAG00000043545), and was only expressed in the Cholistani population. One gene had two differentially expressed isoforms. Gene pathway analysis indicated that the differential expressed genes included in pathways, are particularly related to immunity, response to stress and angiogenesis. These pathways have probably resulted in adoption to various climatological conditions and perceptible phenotypes in the studied subspecies during their evolution.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_72382_e1553ae5dc408a1ff8f39fe075cfebcf.pdf
2019-05-22
47
55
10.22059/ijas.2018.246004.653585
Bovine
gene ontology
Immunity
mRNA
transcriptome
Mina
Salimpour
salimpour.mina@ut.ac.ir
1
Former M.Sc. Student, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Reza
Miraei-Ashtiani
ashtiani@ut.ac.ir
2
Professor, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Hossein
Banabazi
hossein.banabazi@gmail.com
3
Assistant Professor, Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Andrews, S. (2010). FastQC: a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data. Available online at: http://www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk/projects/fastqc.
1
Bae, J. S., Cheong, H. S., Kim, L. H., NamGung, S., Park, T. J., Chun, J. Y. & Shin, H. D. (2010). Identification of copy number variations and common deletion polymorphisms in cattle. BMC genomics, 11(1), 1.
2
Banabazi, M. H., Naserkheil, M. & Miraei-Ashtiani, S. R. (2012a). Gene regulatory network for cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on weighted correlation. The third Iranian conference on agricultural biotechnology of Iran. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. (in Farsi)
3
Banabazi, M. H., Naserkheil, M. Miraei-Ashtiani, S. R. (2012b). An algorithm for identifying differential expressed genes in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae using microarray data by R packages. The third Iranian conference on agricultural biotechnology of Iran. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (in farsi)
4
Bolger, A. M., Lohse, M. & Usadel, B. (2014). Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data. Bioinformatics, 30(15), 2114-2120.
5
Dorak, M. T. (Ed.). (2007). Real-time PCR. Taylor & Francis. Utech, K. B. W., Wharton, R. H., & Kerr, J. D. (1978). Resistance to Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) in different breeds of cattle. Crop and Pasture Science, 29(4), 885-895.
6
Ekblom, R. & Galindo, J. (2011). Applications of next generation sequencing in molecular ecology of non-model organisms. Heredity, 107(1), 1-15.
7
Fries, R. & Ruvinsky, A. (1999). The Genetics of Cattle. New York: CABI Publising.
8
Gan, Q., Chepelev, I., Wei, G., Tarayrah, L., Cui, K., Zhao, K. & Chen, X. (2010). Dynamic regulation of alternative splicing and chromatin structure in Drosophila gonads revealed by RNA-seq. Cell Research, 20(7),763-783.
9
Haas, B. J. & Zody, M. C. (2010). Advancing RNA-seq analysis. Nature Biotechnology, 28(5), 421.
10
Hansen, P. J. (2004). Physiological and cellular adaptations of zebu cattle to thermal stress. Animal Reproduction Science, 82, 349-360.
11
Huang, W., Nadeem, A., Zhang, B., Babar, M., Soller, M. & Khatib, H. (2012). Characterization and comparison of the leukocyte transcriptomes of three cattle breeds. PLoS One, 7(1), e30244.
12
Langmead, B. & Salzberg, S. (2012). Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2. Nature Methods, 9, 357-359.
13
Li, H. & Durbin, R. (2009). Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows–Wheeler transform. Bioinformatics, 25(14), 1754-1760.
14
Marguerat, S. & Bähler, J. (2010). RNA-seq: from technology to biology. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 67(4), 569-579.
15
Mortazavi, A., Williams, B. A., McCue, K., Schaeffer, L. & Wold, B. (2008). Mapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptoms by RNA-seq. Nature Methods, 5(7), 621- 628.
16
Sultan, M., Schulz, M. H., Richard, H., Magen, A., Klingenhoff, A., Scherf, M. & Schmidt, D. (2008). A global view of gene activity and alternative splicing by deep sequencing of the human transcriptome. Science, 321, 956-960.
17
Wilhelm, B. T. & Landry, J. R. (2009). RNA-Seq, quantitative measurement of expression through massively parallel RNA-sequencing. Methods, 48(3), 249-257.
18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of performance parameters, internal organ weights and some immune responses of broiler chicks through iron sulfate supplementation during different feeding periods
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of iron (0, 40, and 80 mg/kg) with iron sulfate source (FeSO4) on performance, internal organ weights and immune response of boiler chicks in periods of whole production (w: 1-42 days of age), grower and finisher (GF: 11-42 day of age) and finisher (F: 25-42 day of age) using a 3×3 factorial experiment. The results showed that the utilization of 80 mg/kg FeSO4 significantly (P<0.05) decreased daily feed intake of broilers during T period. The addition of 40 mg/kg FeSO4 into the diet significantly decreased the relative weights of jejunum, ileum and whole intestine (P<0.05). The relative weight of bursa of Fabricius was higher in chicks fed 40 mg/kg FeSO4 supplement in F period as compared to birds fed control diet (P<0.05). The positive effects was observed on blood monocytes in chicks fed diet containing FeSO4 supplement during F period compared to T period (P<0.05). Furthermore, the inclusion of 40 and 80 mg FeSO4/kg diet linearly (P<0.01) increased blood lymphocytes percentage of broilers. According to the results of this experiment, it seems that the utilization of 40 and 80 mg/kg FeSO4 can improve carcass quality by reduction of small intestine weight and have beneficial effects on immunological responses of broiler chicks especially during F period.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_72383_843f5432cc323eb6d484084d52fe014b.pdf
2019-05-22
57
68
10.22059/ijas.2019.277963.653691
Carcass
Feed intake
growing period
monocytes
small intestine
Mohamad
Behruzlak
behrouz.lak@gmail.com
1
Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Daneshyar
m.daneshyar@urmia.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Parviz
Farhoomand
par42877@yahoo.com
3
Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Abbas
Nikoo
nikooabbas@gmail.com
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Abbaspour, N., Hurrell, R. & Kelishadi, R. (2014). Review on iron and its importance for human health. Journal of Research Medical Science, 19, 164-174.
1
Aviagen. (2014). Ross 308 Broiler Nutrition specification. Aviagen Incorporated Publishing, Huntsville, AL, USA.
2
Bess, F., Vieira, S. L., Favero, A., Cruz, R. A. & Nascimento, P. C. (2012). Dietary iron effects on broiler breeder performance and egg iron contents. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 178, 67-73.
3
Bowlus, C. L. (2003). The role of iron in T cell development and autoimmunity. Autoimmunity Reviews, 2, 73-78.
4
Brenes, A., Smith, M., Guenter, W. & Marquardt, R. R. (1993). Effect of enzyme supplementation on the performance and digestive tract size of broiler chickens fed wheat- and barleybased diets. Poultry Science, 72, 1731-1739.
5
Buzala, M., Slomka, A. & Janicki, B. (2016). Heme iron in meat as the main source of iron in the human diet, a review. Journal of Elementology, 21, 303-314.
6
Campbell, T. W. (1994). Hematology. In: Ritchie, B.W., Harrison, G.J. & Harrison, L.R. (Eds.), Avian Medicine: Principles and Application. 1th edition. Wingers Publishing Inc., Lake Worth, FL., Pp.176-198.
7
Campbell T. W. (1995). Avian Haematology and Cytology. Iowa State University Press, USA.
8
Carpenter, C. E. & Mahoney, A. W. (1992). Contributions of heme and nonheme iron to human nutrition. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 31, 333-367.
9
Davis, P. N., Norris, L. C. & Kratzer, F. H. (1962). Iron deficiency studies in chicks using treated isolated soybean protein diets. Journal of Nutrition, 78, 445-453.
10
Dibner, J., Knight, C., Kitchell, M., Atwell, C., Downs, A. & Ivey, F. (1998). Early feeding and development of the immune system in neonatal poultry. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 7, 425-436.
11
Doneley, B. & Doneley, R. (2010). Avian Medicine and Surgery in Practice: Companion and Aviary Birds. 2th edition. Manson Publishing Ltd., London, UK.
12
Hampton, M. B., Kettle, A. J. & Winterbourn, C. C. (1998). Inside the neutrophil phagosome: oxidants, myeloperoxidase, and bacterial killing. Blood, 92, 3007-3017.
13
Jarosz, L., Kwiecień, M., Marek, A., Gradzki, Z., Winiarska-Mieczan, A., Kalinowski, M. & Laskowska, E. (2016). Effects of feed supplementation with glycine chelate and iron sulfate on selected parameters of cell-mediated immune response in broiler chickens. Research in Veterinary Science, 107, 68-74.
14
Katanbaf, M. N., Dunnington, E. A. & Siegel, P. B. (1989). Restricted feeding in early and late feathering chickens. 1. Growth and physiological responses. Poultry Science, 68, 344-351.
15
Kemp. J. D. (1993). The role of iron and iron binding proteins in lymphocyte physiology and pathology. Journal of Clinical Immunology, 13, 81-92.
16
King, J. & Turnlund, J. (1989). Human Zinc Requirements. In: MILLS, C. (ed.) Zinc in Human Biology. 1th edition. Springer London.
17
Kuvibidila, S., Dardenne, M., Savino, W. & Lepault, F. (1990). Influence of iron-deficiency anemia on selected thymus functions in mice: thymulin biological activity, T-cell subsets, and thymocyte proliferation. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 51, 228-232.
18
Kuvibidila, S. R. & Warrier, R. P. (2004). Differential effects of iron deficiency and underfeeding on serum levels of interleukin-10, interleukin-12p40, and interferon-gamma in mice. Cytokine, 26, 73-81.
19
Kwiecien, M., Samolinska, W. & Bujanowicz-Haras, B. (2015). Effects of iron-glycine chelate on growth, carcass characteristic, and liver mineral concentrations and haematological and biochemical blood parameters in broilers. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 99, 1184-1196.
20
Latimer, K. S. & Bienzle, D. (2010). Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. In: Weiss, D. & Wardrop, K.J. (Eds.). Determination and Interpretation of the Avian Leukogram. 6th edition, Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Ames, IA., Pp.345-357.
21
Lieu, P. T., Heiskala, M., Peterson, P. A. & Yang, Y. (2001). The roles of iron in health and disease. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 22, 1-87.
22
Martinez-Navarrete, N., Camachoa, M. M., Martínez-Lahuerta, J., Martínez-Monzó, J. & Fito, P. (2002). Iron deficiency and iron fortified foods – a review. Food Research International, 35, 225-231.
23
McNaugton, J. L. & Day, E. J. (1979). Effect of dietary Fe to Cu ratios on hematological and growth responses of broiler chickens. Journal of Nutrition, 109, 559-564.
24
Mitchell, E. B. & Johns. J. (2008). Avian hematology and related disorders. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice, 11, 501-522.
25
Mrkaljevic, D. (2014). Iron and Zinc availability to broiler chicken from mineral biofortified wheat. Master Thesis, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology Department of Environmental Sciences, Norway.
26
Mullick, S., Rusia, U., Sikka, M. & Faridi, M. A. (2006). Impact of iron deficiency anaemia on T lymphocytes and their subsets in children. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 124, 647-654.
27
Munoz, C., Rios, E., Olivos, J., Brunser, O. & Olivares, M. (2007). Iron, copper and immunocompetence. British Journal of Nutrition, 98, S24-S28.
28
NRC. (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th revised edition. National Academy Press. Washington, DC, USA, Pp, 176.
29
Oliveira, F., Rocha, S. & Fernandes, R. (2014). Iron metabolism: From health to disease. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, 28, 210-218.
30
Oppenheimer, S. J. (2001). Iron and its relation to immunity and infectious disease. Journal of Nutrition, 131, 616S-35S.
31
Pesti, G. M. & Miller, B. R. (1992). Animal Feed Formulation: Economic and Computer Applications. Nostrand Reinhold (Van), New York, NY.
32
SAS. (2009). SAS Statistics User’s Guide, Statistical Analysis System, 9.2 version. SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC.
33
Schat, K., Kaspers, B. & Kaiser, P. (2014). Avian Immunology. In: Kaiser, P. & Staheli, P. Avian Cytokines and Chemokines. 2th edition. Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Pp.189-204.
34
Shinde, D. L., Ingale, S. L., Kim, J. Y., Pak, S. I. & Chae, B. I. (2011). Efficiency of inorganic and organic iron sources under iron depleted conditions in broilers. British Poultry Science, 52, 578-583.
35
Smith, K. G. & Hunt, J. L. (2004). On the use of spleen mass as a measure of avian immune system. Oecologia, 138, 28-31.
36
Spear, A. T. & Sherman, A. R. (1992). Iron deficiency alters DMBA-induced tumor burden and natural killer cell cytotoxicity in rats. Journal of Nutrition, 122, 46-55.
37
Suttle, N. F. (2010). Iron. In: Suttle N. F, Mineral Nutrition of Livestock. 4th edition. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK. Pp. 334-354.
38
Teucher, B., Olivares, M. & Cori, H. (2004). Enhancers of iron absorption: ascorbic acid and other organic acids. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 74, 403-19.
39
Theil, E. C. (2004). Iron, ferritin, and nutrition. Annual Review of Nutrition, 24, 327-343.
40
Toghyani, M., Tohidi, M., Gheisari, A. B. & Tabeidian, S. A. (2010). Performance, immunity, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chicks fed dietary thyme as alternative for an antibiotic growth promoter. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9, 6819-6825.
41
Vahl London, H. A. & Klooster, A. T. V. T. (1987). Dietary iron and broiler performance. British Poultry Science, 28, 567-576.
42
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of feed form (Mash, Pellet, Extrude) on energy and protein efficiency, morphology and microbial population of intestine in broiler chicken
The current study was conducted to determine the effectof feed form (mash, pellet and extrude) on energy and protein efficiency, intestinal morphology and microbiology in broiler chickens. Energy and protein efficiency and European efficiency factor were calculated during the experiment period and jejunum morphology and relative length of intestine, microbial population, volatile fatty acids, viscosity of ileal were determined at 42 days of age. The results have shown that the effect of feed form on jejunum morphology (crypt depth (CD), serosa thickness, villous height (VH) and villous width (VW), VH:CD, length and relative length of intestine, microbial population (spore former bacteria, lactobacilli,colibacilli, total aerobic bacteria) of ileal digesta was not significant (P>0.05). The values of viscosity and volatile fatty acids (butyric, isobutyric, valeric, isovaleric) of ileal digesta was higher and values of pH, ascetic acid was lower in mash diet form in comparison to pellet and extrude diet form (P<0.05). Energy and protein efficiency and European efficiency factor were higher in extrudes diet form in comparison to mash and pellet feed forms in total experiment period (P<0.05). Our findings have shown that that extrusion and pellet feed forms had positive results on volatile fatty acid profile, intestinal contents’ viscosity, energy and protein efficiency and European efficiency factor in comparison to mash feed form in broiler chickens.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_72384_7c6ff5819f852b7288da1addbff4e346.pdf
2019-05-22
69
77
10.22059/ijas.2019.281830.653707
Fatty
feed form
lactobacilli
pH
viscosity
Mahtab
Azizian
mahtab.azizian@yahoo.com
1
Former Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali Asghar
Saki
alisaki34@yahoo.com
2
Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Amir
Karimi Torshizi
karimitm@yahoo.com
3
Associate Professor, Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Saeideh
Azimi
saeedehazimi71@gmail.com
4
Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Abdollahi, M. R., Ravindran, V., Wester, T. J., Ravindran, G. & Thomas, D. V. (2011). Influence of feed form and conditioning temperature on performance, apparent metabolisable energy and ileal digestibility of starch and nitrogen in broiler starters fed wheat-based diet. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 168(1-2), 88-99.
1
Amer, F. M., Soliman, F. N., Bahie El-Deen, M. & El-Sebai, A. (2015). Effect of diet forms and litter types on the productive traits of broiler (SASSO). Egyptian Poultry Science Journal, 35(3),719-734.
2
Amerah, A. M., Ravindran, V., Lentle, R. G. & Thomas, D. G. (2007). Feed particle size: Implications on the digestion and performance of poultry. World's Poultry Science Journal, 63(3), 439-455.
3
Amornthewaphat, N., Lerdsuwan, S. & Attamangkune, S. (2005). Effect of extrusion of corn and feed form on feed quality and growth performance of poultry in a tropical environment. Poultry Science, 84(10), 1640-1647.
4
Apajalahti, J., Kettunen, A. & Graham, H. (2004). Characteristics of the gastrointestinal microbial communities, with special reference to the chicken. World's Poultry Science Journal, 60(2), 223-232.
5
Bedford, M. (2000). Removal of antibiotic growth promoters from poultry diets: implications and strategies to minimise subsequent problems. World's Poultry Science Journal, 56(4), 347-365.
6
Bradley, G. L., Savage, T. F. & Timm, K. I. (1994). The effects of supplementing diets with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii on male poultry performance and ileal morphology. Poultry Science, 73(11), 1766-1770.
7
Choi, M., Ssakey, W. & Anderson, J. (2010). Dietary estimation of crumble soybeans on broiler fattening during the summer. Journal of Nutrition, 15(12), 17-31.
8
Deschepper, K., Lippens, M., Huyghebaert, G. & Molly, K. (2003). The effect of aromabiotic and GALI D’OR on technical performances and intestinal morphology of broilers. In:Proceedings of 14th European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition August. Lillehammer, Norway. S.169-175.
9
Dibner, J. J. & Richards, J. D. (2004). The digestive system: challenges and opportunities. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 13(1), 86-93.
10
Ebihara, K. & Schneeman, B. O. (1989). Interaction of bile acids, phospholipids, cholesterol and triglyceride with dietary fibers in the small intestine of rats. The Journal of Nutrition, 119(8), 1100-1106.
11
Engberg, R. M., Hedemann, M. S. & Jensen, B. B. (2002). The influence of grinding and pelleting of feed on the microbial composition and activity in the digestive tract of broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, 43(4), 569-579.
12
Ferket, P. (2000). Feeding whole grains to poultry improves gut health. Feedstuffs, 72(37), 12-13.
13
Foltyn, M., Rada, V., Lichovnikova, M., Safarik, I., Lohnisky, A. & Hampel, D. (2013). Effect of extruded full-fat soybeans on performance, amino acids digestibility, trypsin activity, and intestinal morphology in broilers. Czech Journal Animal Science, 58(10), 470-478.
14
García, M., Lázaro, R., Latorre, M. A., Gracia, M. I. & Mateos, G. G. (2008). Influence of enzyme supplementation and heat processing of barley on digestive traits and productive performance of broilers. Poultry Science, 87(5), 940-948.
15
Ghaseminejad, M., Sadeghi, A. A., Motamedi-Sedeh, F. & Chamani, M. (2017). Caecal bacterial populations and growth of broiler chickens fed diets with different particle sizes and forms. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(5, 743-748.
16
Goliyart, A.F. (2005). Evaluation effects of processing feed on performance in broiler. Journal of Poultry Science, 12(54), 1258-1264.
17
Henry, M. H., Pesti, G. M., Bakalli, R., Lee, J., Toledo, R. T., Eitenmiller, R. R. & Phillips, R. D. (2001). The performance of broiler chicks fed diets containing extruded cottonseed meal supplemented with lysine. Poultry Science, 80(6), 762-768.
18
Hosseini, S. M. & Afshar, M. (2017). Effects of feed form and xylanase supplementation on performance and ileal nutrients digestibility of heat-stressed broilers fed wheat–soybean diet. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 45(1), 550-556.
19
Iji, P.A., Hughes, R.J., Choct, M. & Tivey, D.R. (2001). Intestinal structure and function of broiler chickens on wheat-based diets supplemented with a microbial enzyme. Animal Science. 14, 54-60.
20
Kamran, Z., Sarwar, M., Nisa, M., Nadeem, M. A., Mahmood, S., Babar, M. E. & Ahmed, S. (2008). Effect of low-protein diets having constant energy-to-protein ratio on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens from one to thirty-five days of age. Poultry Science, 87(3), 468-474.
21
Lemme, A., Frackenpohl, U., Petri, A. & Meyer, H. (2006). Response of male BUT big 6 turkeys to varying amino acid feeding programs. Poultry Science, 85(4), 652-660.
22
Lu, J., Idris, U., Harmon, B., Hofacre, C., Maurer, J. J. & Lee, M. D. (2003). Diversity and succession of the intestinal bacterial community of the maturing broiler chicken. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 69(11), 6816-6824.
23
Marsman, G. J., Gruppen, H., Van der Poel, A. F., Kwakkel, R. P., Verstegen, M. W. & Voragen, A. G. (1997). The effect of thermal processing and enzyme treatments of soybean meal on growth performance, ileal nutrient digestibilities, and chyme characteristics in broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 76(6), 864-872.
24
Mathlouthi, N., Mallet, S., Saulnier, L., Quemener, B. & Larbier, M. (2002). Effects of xylanase and β-glucanase addition on performance, nutrient digestibility, and physico-chemical conditions in the small intestine contents and caecal microflora of broiler chickens fed a wheat and barley-based diet. Animal Research, 51(05), 395-406.
25
Owosibo, A., Odetola, O., Odunsi, O., Adejinmi, O. & Lawrence-Azua, O. (2013). Growth, haematology and serum biochemistry of broilers fed probiotics based diets. African Journal of Agricultural, 8(41), 5076-5081.
26
Pang, Y. & Applegate, T. J. (2007). Effects of dietary copper supplementation and copper source on digesta pH, calcium, zinc, and copper complex size in the gastrointestinal tract of the broiler chicken. Poultry Science, 86(3), 531-537.
27
Rehman, H. U., Vahjen, W., Awad, W. A. & Zentek, J. (2007). Indigenous bacteria and bacterial metabolic products in the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 61(5), 319-335.
28
Reshadi-Nejad, S., Tabeidian, S. A. & Toghyani, M. (2015). The effect of diet type (mash, pellets, extruded and crumble) on some immune responses broiler chicken. Biological Forum, 7(1), 901. Research Trend.
29
Sakata, T. (1987). Stimulatory effect of short-chain fatty acids on epithelial cell proliferation in the rat intestine: a possible explanation for trophic effects of fermentable. British Journal Nutrition, 58(1), 95-103.
30
Sklan, D. (2001). Development of the digestive tract of poultry. World's Poultry Science Journal, 57(4), 415-428.
31
Smits, C. H., Veldman, A., Verstegen, M. W. & Beynen, A. C. (1997). Dietary carboxymethylcellulose with high instead of low viscosity reduces macronutrient digestion in broiler chickens. The Journal of Nutrition, 127(3), 483-487.
32
Torok, V. A., Hughes, R. J., Ophel-Keller, K., Ali, M. & MacAlpine, R. (2009). Influence of different litter materials on cecal microbiota colonization in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 88(12), 2474-2481.
33
Uni, Z., Smirnov, A. & Sklan, D. (2003). Pre-and posthatch development of goblet cells in the broiler small intestine: effect of delayed access to feed. Poultry Science, 82(2), 320-327.
34
Valencia, D. G., Serrano, M. P., Jiménez-Moreno, E., Lázaro, R. & Mateos, G. G. (2009). Ileal digestibility of amino acids of pea protein concentrate and soya protein sources in broiler chicks. Livestock Science, 121(1), 21-27.
35
Van der Klis, J. D., Van Voorst, A. & Van Cruyningen, C. (1993). Effect of a soluble polysaccharide (carboxy methyl cellulose) on the physico‐chemical conditions in the gastrointestinal tract of broilers. British Poultry Science, 34(5), 971-983.
36
Van der Wielen, P. W., Biesterveld, S., Notermans, S., Hofstra, H., Urlings, B. A. & van Knapen, F. (2000). Role of volatile fatty acids in development of the cecalmicroflora in broiler chickens during growth. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 66(6), 2536-2540.
37
Zang, J. J., Piao, X. S., Huang, D. S., Wang, J. J., Ma, X. & Ma, Y. X. (2009). Effects of feed particle size and feed form on growth performance, nutrient metabolizability and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. Asian-AustralasianJournal of Animal Sciences, 22(1), 107-112.
38
Zhang, W. F., Li, D. F., Lu, W. Q. & Yi, G. F. (2003). Effects of isomalto-oligosaccharides on broiler performance and intestinal microflora. Poultry Science, 82(4), 657-663.
39
Zimonja, O., Hetland, H., Lazarevic, N., Edvardsen, D. H. & Svihus, B. (2008). Effects of fibre content in pelleted wheat and oats diets on technical pellet quality and nutritional value for broiler chickens. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 88(4), 613-622.
40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of a Phenolic compounds-rich feedstuff on expression of amylase and β-Actin genes in liver and pancreas tissues of broilers
This study was conducted to determine the amylase gene expression in liver and pancreas tissues of broiler chicks fed with two levels of oak acorn(OA) fruit. A total of 264 broiler chicks were fed a control diet (without oak) and diets containing 15 and 20% OA. At the end of starter and finisher period, 6 birds from each treatment were randomly selected and Tissue samples were taken from their pancreas and liver. REST and SAS software were used to analyze gene expression. The 2004 Bestkeeper software was also used to determine the sustainability of β-Actin gene expression. Results showed that β-Actin gene was not affected by sex, age and experimental treatments. Thus, it was used to normalize the gene expression data. At 21d of age, the level of mRNA of the pancreatic amylase gene was significantly higher in broilers fed with 15% OA compared to the control group (p<0.05). On d 42, significant differences in expression of liver and pancreas amylase gene were not observed (p>0.05). Also, feeding birds with diet containing 20% OA increased the relative weight of pancreas (p<0.05). In conclusion, the results showed that amylase gene expression in birds fed diets containing 15% OA significantly increased at 21d of age. In other cases, genes expression was not influenced by experimental treatments.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_72385_2a94e10f39d61ec72895d5d25fc436c0.pdf
2019-05-22
79
88
10.22059/ijas.2019.261406.653649
age
Amylase
β-actin
mRNA
Oak acorn
Asma
Moradalipour
moradalipoor.a70@gmail.com
1
Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture Science, University of Yasouj, Yasouj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mostafa
Muhaghegh-Dolatabady
mmuhaghegh@yu.ac.ir
2
Assocaite Professor, Faculty of Agriculture Science, University of Yasouj, Yasouj, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Houshmand
hooshmand@yu.ac.ir
3
Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture Science, University of Yasouj, Yasouj, Iran
AUTHOR
Mousa
Zarrin
zarrin1357@gmail.com
4
Assistnat Professor, Faculty of Agriculture Science, University of Yasouj, Yasouj, Iran
AUTHOR
Adetunji, A. I., Khoza, S., de Kock, H. L. & Taylor, J. R. N. (2013). Influence of sorghum grain type on wort physico-chemical and sensory quality in a whole-grain and commercial enzyme mashing process. Journal of the Institute of Brewing, 119, 156-163.
1
Barrett, A., Ndou, T., Hughey, C. A., Straut, C., Howell, A., Dai, Z. & Kaletune, G. (2013). Inhibition of α-amylase and glucoamylase by tannins extracted from cocoa, pomegranates, cranberries, and grapes. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61, 1477-1486.
2
Bouderoua, K., Mourot, J. & Selselet-Attou, G. (2009). The effect of green oak acorn (Quercus ilex) based diet on growth performance and meat fatty acid composition of broilers. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Science, 6, 843-848.
3
Brannon, P. M. (1990). Adaptation of the exocrine pancreas to diet. Annual Review of Nutrition, 10, 85-105.
4
Bravo, L. (1998). Polyphenols: chemistry, dietary sources, metabolism, and nutritional significance. Nutrition Reviews, 56(11), 317-333.
5
Bustin, S. A. (2000). Absolute quantification of mRNA using realtime reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction assays. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, 25, 169-193.
6
Croom, W. J. J.r., Bull, L. S. & Taylor, I. L. (1992). Regulation of pancreatic exocrine secretion in ruminants: A review. Journal of Nutrition, 122, 191-202.
7
De Sales, P. M., Souza, P. M., Simeoni, L. B., Magalhaes, P. O. & Damaris, S. (2012). α-Amylase inhibitors: A review of raw material and isolated compounds from plant source. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 15, 141-183.
8
Griffiths, D. W. & Moseley, G. (1980). The effect of diets containing field beans of high and low polyphenolic content on the activity of digestive enzymes in the intestine of rats. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 31, 255-259.
9
Gueguen, J., Van Oort, M. G., Quillien, L. & Hessing, M. (1993). The composition, biochemical characteristics and analysis of proteinaceous antinutritional factors in legume seeds. Publication-European Association for Animal production, 70, 9-9.
10
Han, L. Q., Yang, G. Y., Zhu1, H. S., Wang, Y. Y., Wang, L. F., Guo, Y. J., Lu1, W. F., Li, H. J. & Wang, Y. L. (2010). Selection and use of reference genes in mouse mammary glands. Genetics and Molecular Research, 9(1), 449-456.
11
Janovick-Guretzky, N. A., Dann, H. M., Carlson D. B., Murphy, M. R., Loor, J. J. & Drackley, J. K. (2007). Housekeepinggene expression in bovine liver is affected byphysiological state, feed intake, and dietary treatment. Journal of Dairy Science, 90, 2246-2252.
12
Jiang, Z., Zhou, Y., Lu, F., Han, Z. & Wang, T. (2008). Effects of different levels of supplementary alpha-amylase on digestive enzyme activities and pancreatic amylase mRNA expression of young broilers. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 21, 97-102.
13
Kumar, V., Elangovan, A. V., Mandal, A. B., Tyagi, P. K., Bhanja, S. K. & Dash, B. B. (2007). Effects of feeding raw and reconstituted high tannin red sorghum on nutrient utilization and certain welfare parameters of broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, 48, 198-204.
14
Kumari, M. & Jain, S. (2012). Tannins: an antinutrient with positive effect to manage diabetes. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(12), 1-8.
15
Lehmann, U. & Robin, F. (2007). Slowly digestible starch- its structure and health implications: a review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 18, 346-355.
16
Lindemann, M. D., Cornelius, S. G., El Kandelgy, S. M., Moser, R. L. & Pettigrew, J. E. (1986). Effect of age, weaning and diet on digestive enzyme levels in the piglet. Journal of Animal Science, 62(5), 1298-1307.
17
Lo Piparo, E., Scheib, H., Frei, N., Williamson, G., Grigorov, M. & Chou, C. J. (2008). Flavonoids for controlling starch digestion: structural requirements for inhibiting human α-amylase. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 51(12), 3555-3561.
18
Longstaff, M. A. & McNab, J. M. (1991). The effect of concentration of tannin-rich bean hulls (Vicia faba L.) on activities of lipase (EC 3.1. 1.3) and α-amylase (EC 3.2. 1.1) in digesta and pancreas and on the digestion of lipid and starch by young chicks. British Journal of Nutrition, 66(01), 139-147.
19
Macri, A., Parlamenti, R., Silano, V. & Valfre, F. (1977). Adaptation of the domestic chicken. Callus Domesticus, to continuous feeding of albumin amylase inhibitors from wheat flour as gastro-resistant microgranules. Poultry Science, 56, 434-441.
20
Mahmood, S., Smithard, R. & Sarwar, M. (1997). Effects of salseed (Shorea robustal) tannins, restricted feed intake and age on relative pancreas weight and activity of digestive enzymes in male Broilers. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 65(1), 215-230.
21
Manach, C., Scalbert, A., Morand, C., Remesy, C. & Jimenez, L. (2004). Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability. American Journal of clinical nutrition, 79, 727-747.
22
McDougall, G. J., Shpiro, F., Dobson, P., Smith, P., Blake, A. & Stewart, D. (2005). Different polyphenolic components of soft fruits inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53, 2760-2766.
23
Mocharla, H., Mocharla, R. & Hodes, M. E. (1990). α-Amylase gene transcription in tissues of normal dog. Nucleic Acids Research, 18, 1031-1036.
24
Moradalipour, A., Muhaghegh-Dolatabady, M. & Houshmand, M. (2019). Effects of Different Levels of oak acorn in the diet on Pancreatic Weight and expression of pancreatic Charboxypeptidase gene in Broiler Chickens. Journal of Animal Science (Pajuhesh and Sazandegi), 31(121), 39-52. (In Farsi).
25
Moran, E. T. (1985). Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in fowl and events through perinatal development. Journal of Nutrition, 115, 665-674.
26
Mueller-Harvey, I. (2006). Unravelling the conundrum of tannins in animal nutrition and health. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 86, 2010-2037.
27
National Research Council. (1994). Nutrient requirements of poultry. (9th Ed.). National Academy Press. Washington, DC.
28
Pfaffl, M. W., Horgan, G. W. & Dempfle, L. (2002). Relative expression software tool (REST) for group-wise comparison and statistical analysis of relative expression results in real-time PCR. Nucleic Acids Research, 30(9), 36-36.
29
Pfaffl, M. W., Tichopad, A., Prgomet, C. & Neuvians, T. P. (2004). Determination of stable housekeeping genes, differentially regulated target genes and sample integrity: BestKeeper–Excel-based tool using pair-wise correlations. Biotechnology letters, 26(6), 509-515.
30
Radonic, A., Thulke, S., Mackay, I. M., Landt, O., Siegert, W. & Nitsche, A. (2004). Guideline to reference gene selection for quantitative real-time PCR. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 313, 856-862.
31
Rakic, S., Povenovic, D., Tesvic, V., Simic, M. & Maletic, R. (2006). Oak acorn, polyphenols and antioxidant activity in function food. Journal of Food Engineering, 74, 416-423.
32
Rezaei, M. & Semnaninejad, H. (2016). Effects of Different Levels of Raw and Processed Oak Acorn (Quercus castaneifolia) on Performance, Small Intestine Morphology, Ileal Digestibility of Nutrients, Carcass Characteristics and Some Blood Parameters in Broiler Chickens. Poultry Science Journal, 4(2), 127-138.
33
Santos-Buelga, C. & Scalbert, A. (2000). Proanthocyanidins and tanninlike compounds nature, occurrence, dietary intake and effects on nutrition and health. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 80, 1094-1117.
34
SAS Institute [computer software]. (2003). SAS User’s Guide. Version 9.1. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
35
Sell, D. R. & Rogler, J. C. (1983). Effects of sorghum grain tannins and dietary protein on the activity of liver UDP-glucuronyltransferase. Experimental Biology and Medicine, 174, 93-101.
36
Swanson, K. C., Matthews, J. C., Matthews, A. D., Howell, J. A., Richards, C. J. & Harmon, D. L. (2000). Dietary carbohydrate source and energy intake influence the expression of pancreatic α-amylase in lambs. Journal of Nutrition, 130(9), 2157-2165.
37
Verma, A. S. & Shapiro, B. H. (2006). Sex-dependent expression of seven housekeeping genes in rat liver. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 21, 1004-1008.
38
Wang, X. B., Ogawa, T., Suda, S., Taniguchi, K., Uike, H., Kumagai, H. & Mitani, K. (1998). Effects of nutritional level on digestive enzyme activities in the pancreas and small intestine of calves slaughtered at same body weight. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 11, 375-380.
39
Wen, C., Wang, L. C., Zhou, Y. M., Jiang, Z. Y. & Wang, T. (2012). Effect of enzyme preparation on egg production, nutrient retention, digestive enzyme activities and pancreatic enzyme messenger RNA expression of late-phase laying hens. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 172, 180-186.
40
Xu, M., Yao, J. H., Wang, Y. H. & Wang, F. N. (2006). Influence of rumen escape starch on α-amylase activity in pancreatic tissue and small intestinal digesta of lambs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,19, 1749-1754.
41
Yamada, H., Chen, D., Monstein, H. J. & Hakanson, R. (1997). Effects of fasting on the expression of gastrin, cholecystokinin, and somatostatin genes and of various housekeeping genes in the pancreas and upper digestive tract of rats. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 231, 835-838.
42
Yang, F., Lei, X., Rodriguez-Palacios, A., Tang, C. & Yue, H. (2013). Selection of reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR analysis in chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with avian leukosis virus subgroup. BMC research notes, 6(1), 1.
43
Yoon, J. H. (1983). The effect of phytic acid on in vitro rate of starch digestibility and blood glucose response. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 38, 835-842.
44