ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of different centrifugation protocols on pre and post-cooling sperm quality in Caspian horses
This study aimed to determine the effects of different centrifuging protocols (different rotation and time) on Caspian horse sperm characteristics. In this study, semen samples from four healthy adult Caspian pony stalian were collected using an artificial vagina and then diluted in milk phosphocaseinat based extender. Then semen samples were divided into seven equal parts, which part assigned to treatments including centrifugation treatments (500×g, 1000×g and 2000×g each for 4 and 7 minutes) and without centrifuge (control). Cooling of treatments were done at 0, 24 and 48 hours after centrifugation. Sperm motion characteristics, viability and percentages of healthy sperm were assessed. The results showed that motility, viability and percentages of healthy sperm reduced in 2000×g treatments (p<0.05). Stored sperm in 500×g and 1000×g treatments had better quality compared to control group (p<0.05). In addition, compared to 2000×g treatment, in 500×g and 1000×g treatments a less recovery rate was observed (p<0.05). In conclusion, Caspian horse's semen in treatment with centrifuging for 7 minutes at 1000 g, showed better result.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61153_b506ce979772f9131e0d576e1bc1ce2c.pdf
2017-02-19
481
487
10.22059/ijas.2017.138918.653396
Healthy
matility
quality evaluation
Sperm
viability
Hoosahng
Noori
houshang.nouri@alumni.ut.ac.ir
1
Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Armin
Towhidi
atowhidi@ut.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Majid
Bahreyni
bahreinim@gmail.com
3
Veterinary Expert, Animal Breeding Center of Iran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Tooba
Nadri
t.nadri@ut.ac.ir
4
Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Aitken, R. J. (1995). Free radicals, lipid peroxidation and sperm function. Reproduction, Fertility and Development, 7(4), 659-668.
1
Aurich, C. (2005). Factors affecting the plasma membrane function of cooled-stored stallion spermatozoa. Animal Reproduction Science, 89(1), 65-75.
2
Brinsko, S. P., Crockett, E. C. & Squires, E. L. (2000). Effect of centrifugation and partial removal of seminal plasma on equine spermatozoal motility after cooling and storage. Theriogenology, 54(1), 129-136.
3
Cochran, J. D., Amann, R. P., Froman, D. P. & Pickett, B. W. (1984). Effects of centrifugation, glycerol level, cooling to 5 C, freezing rate and thawing rate on the post-thaw motility of equine sperm. Theriogenology, 22(1), 25-38.
4
Ferrer, M. S., Paccamonti, D., Eilts, B. E., Lyle, S. K., Aljarrah, A. H. & Devireddy, R. V. (2004). Improvement of sperm recovery rates after centrifugation of stallion semen. In: Proceeding of Annu Conf SFT/ACT.
5
Jasko, D. J., Hathaway, J. A., Schaltenbrand, V. L., Simper, W. D. & Squires, E. L. (1992). Effect of seminal plasma and egg yolk on motion characteristics of cooled stallion spermatozoa. Theriogenology, 37(6), 1241-1252.
6
Jasko, D. J., Moran, D. M., Farlin, M. E. & Squires, E. L. (1991). Effect of seminal plasma dilution or removal on spermatozoal motion characteristics of cooled stallion semen. Theriogenology, 35(6), 1059-1067.
7
Jasko, D. J. (1992). Evaluation of stallion semen. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice, 8(1), 129-148.
8
Kareskoski, A. M., Reilas, T., Andersson, M. & Katila, T. (2006). Motility and plasma membrane integrity of spermatozoa in fractionated stallion ejaculates after storage. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 41(1), 33-38.
9
Parinaud, J., Le Lannou, D., Vieitez, G., Griveau, J. F., Milhet, P. & Richoilley, G. (1997). Enhancement of motility by treating spermatozoa with an antioxidant solution (Sperm-Fit®) following ejaculation. Human Reproduction, 12(11), 2434-2436.
10
Pagl, R., Aurich, J. E., Müller-Schlösser, F., Kankofer, M. & Aurich, C. (2006). Comparison of an extender containing defined milk protein fractions with a skim milk-based extender for storage of equine semen at 5 C. Theriogenology, 66(5), 1115-1122.
11
Ritar, A. J. & Salamon, S. (1982). Effects of seminal plasma and of its removal and of egg yolk in the diluent on the survival of fresh and frozen-thawed spermatozoa of the Angora goat. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences, 35(3), 305-312.
12
Varner, D. D., Blanchard, T. L., Love, C. L., Garcia, M. C. & Kenney, R. M. (1987). Effects of semen fractionation and dilution ratio on equine spermatozoal motility parameters. Theriogenology, 28(5), 709-723.
13
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of zinc oxid nanoparticle and Bacillus coagulans on performance, microbial population and blood parameters in broiler chickens
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of zinc oxid nanoparticle and probiotic on performance, microbial population and blood parameters in broiler chickens (Ross 308). The experimental was done in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments, 4 replications and 12 chickens in each replication (288 chicks). The experimental treatments were 1) control diet with standard zinc oxid (100 mg/kg) 2) control diet plus 100 mg/kg probiotic, 3,4) basal diet plus 25 and 50 mg/kg zinc oxid nanoparticle, 5,6) basal diet plus 25 and 50 mg/kg zinc oxid nanoparticle plus probiotic. In the whole of experimental period, the using zinc oxid nanoparticle with probiotic significantly improved body weight and FCR compare to control group (P<0.05). The colony counts of coliform and lactobacillus bacteria in chickens fed with 50 mg/kg zinc oxid nanoparticle along with probiotic were significantly lower and higher than control group respectivily (P<0.05). Total protein and albumin in serum of chickens which received 50 mg/kg zinc oxid nanoparticle along with probiotic were significantly higher compare to control (P<0.05). In conclusion, zinc oxid nanoparticle with probiotic caused an improvement in performance parameters and count of benefit microbial bacteria.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61154_9ebae3f52642310fbb9bc1fa8ab74aca.pdf
2017-02-19
489
498
10.22059/ijas.2017.206445.653444
broiler chicks
Immunity
Intestinal microflora
Probiotic
Zinc
Mohammad
Khajeh Bami
m.khajebami70@gmail.com
1
M. Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
Afsharmanesh
mafshar@uk.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmadi, F., Ebrahimnezhad, Y., Maheri, S. N. & Ghiasi, G. J. (2013). The effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on performance, digestive organs and serum lipid concentrations in broiler chickens during starter period. International Journal of Biosciences, 3(7), 23-29.
1
Alex, T. H., Shu-Yuaan, L., Tsung-Yu, Y., Chun-Kuang, C., Hsun-Cheng, L., Jin-Jenn, L., Bo, W., Shi-Yi, C. & Tu-Fa, L. (2012).Effects of Bacillus coagulans ATCC 7050 on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and microflora composition in broiler chickens. Animal Production Science, 52, 874-879.
2
Apata, D. F. (2008). Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and immune response of broiler chicks fed diets supplemented with a culture of Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Journal Science Food, Agriculture, 88, 1253-1258.
3
Beski, S. S. M. & Al-Sardary, S. Y. T. (2015).Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Probiotic and Synbiotic on Broiler Chickens Hematology and Intestinal Integrity. International Journal of Poultry Science, 14(1), 31-36.
4
Chen, C. Y., Tsen, H. Y., Lin, C. L., Yu, B. & Chen, C. S. (2012). Oral administration of a combination of select lactic acid bacteria strains to reduce the Salmonella invasion and inflammation of broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 91, 2139-2147.
5
Uyanik, F., Eren, M. & Tuncoku, G. (2001). Effects of supplemental zinc on growth, serum glucose, cholesterol, enzymes and minerals in broilers. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, 4, 745-747.
6
De Clerk, E., Rodriguez-Diaz, M., Forsyth, G., Lebbe, L., Logan, N. A. & DeVos, P. (2004). Polyphasic characterization of Bacillus coagulans strains, illustrating heterogeneity within the species, and emended description of the species. System Appl Microbiol, 27, 50-60.
7
De Neve, L., Fargallo, J. A., Vergara, P. J., Lemus, A. M., Jaren, G. & Luaces, L. (2008). Effects of maternal carotenoid availability in relation to sex, parasite infection and health status of nestling kestrels (Falco tinnunculus). Journal of Experimental Biology, 211, 1414-1425.
8
Fajardo, P., Pastrana, L., Mendez, J., Rodrigues, I., Fucinos, C. & guerra, P.N. (2012). Effects of feeding of two potentially probiotic preparations from lactic acid bacteria on the performance and faecal microflora of broiler chickens. Scintific world journul, Article ID, 562635, 99.
9
Feng, J., Ma, W. Q., Niu, H. H., Wu, X. M. & Wang, Y. (2010) Effects of zinc glycine chelate on growth, hematological, and immunological characteristics in broilers. Biological Trace Element Research, 133, 203-211.
10
Francisco, H. S., Facundo, J. R., Diana, C. P., Fidel, M. G, Alberto, E. M., Amaury, D. J. P. G., Humberto, T. P. & Gabriel, M. C. (2008). The antimicrobial sensitivity of Streptococcus mutans to nanoparticles of silver, zinc oxide and gold. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 4, 237-240.
11
Gropper, S. J. Smith & Groff, J. (2008). Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. 15th ed. Medical. P: 600.
12
Hazim, J. & Mahmood, H. M. (2011). Effect of dietary zinc on certain blood traits of broiler breeder chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 10, 807-813.
13
Hu, C.H., Qian, Z.C., Song, J., Luan, Z.S. & Zuo, A.Y. (2013).Effects of zinc oxide-montmorillonite hybrid on growth performance, intestinal structure and function of broiler chicken. Poultry Science, 92, 143-150.
14
Huang, Y. L., Lu, L., Luo, G. X. & Liu, B. (2007). An optimal dietary zinc level of broiler chicks fed a corn-soybean meal diet. Poultry Science, 86, 2582 - 2589.
15
Jeong, J. S. & Kim, I. H. (2014). Effect of Bacillus subtilis C-3102 spores as a probiotic feed supplement on growth performance, noxious gas emission, and i in broilers. Poultry Science, 93, 3097-3103.
16
Karamouz, H., Shahryar, H. A., Gorbani, A., Maheri-Sis, N. & Ghaleh-Kandi, J. G. (2010). Effect of zinc oxide supplementation on some serum biochemical values in male broilers. Global Veterinary, 4(2), 108-111.
17
Li, Y. L. (1991). Culture Medium Manual (Changchun, China, Jilin Science and Technology Press).
18
Mehri, M., Zare, A. & Samie, A. (2005). Effect of probiotic and whey powder on performance of broilers. The Initial congress of Animal Science and Aquaculture, 455-452. (in Farsi)
19
Mountzouris, K. C., Tsitrsikos, P., Palamidi, I., Arvaniti, A., Mohnl, M., Schatzmayr, G. & Fegeros, K. (2010). Effects of probiotic inclusion levels in broiler nutrition on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, plasma immunoglobulins, and cecal microflora composition. Poultry Science, 89, 58-67.
20
Nagaveni, G., Sivalingam, M. S. & Giridharmadras, H. (2004). Photocatalytic degradetion of organic compounds over combustion-synthesized nano-TiO2. Environ. Science Technology, 38, 9-14.
21
Park, J. H. & Kim, I. H. (2014). Supplemental effect of probiotic Bacillus subtilis B2A on productivity, organ weight, intestinal Salmonellamicroflora, and breast meat quality of growing broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 93, 2054-2059.
22
Park, S. Y., Birkhold, S. G., Kubena, L. F., Nisbet, D. J. & Ricke, S. C. (2004). Review on the role of dietary Zinc in poultry nutrition, immunity and reproduction. Biological Trace Element Research, 101, 147-163.
23
Patterson, J. A. & Burkholder, K. M. (2003). Application of prebiotics and probiotics in poultry production. Poultry Science, 82, 627-631.
24
Piray, A. H. & Kermanshahi, H. (2008). Effects of diet supplementation of Aspergillus meal prebiotic on efficiency, serum lipids and Immunity responses of broiler chickens. Journal of Biomedical Science, 4, 818-821.
25
Rajendran, D. (2013). Application of Nano minerals in animal production system. Research Journal of Biotechnology, 8, 1-3.
26
Roselli, M., Finamore, A., Garaguso, I., Britti, M. S. & Mengheri, E. (2003). Zinc oxide protects cultured enterocytes from the damage induced by Escherichia coli. Journal Nutrition, 133, 4077-4082.
27
Rossi, P., Rutz, F., Anciuti, M.A., Rech, J.L. & Zauk, N.H.F. (2007). Influence of graded levels of organic zinc on growth performance and carcass traits of broilers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 16, 219-225.
28
Sahin, K., Sahin, N., Kucuk, O., Hayirli, A. & Prasad, A. S. (2009). Role of dietary zinc in heat-stressed poultry. International Journal of Poultry Science, 88, 2176-2183.
29
Sahraei, M. & Janmohammadi, H. (2014). Effect of dietary supplementation by synbiotic and different zinc sources on broiler chicken performance, immune system and intestinal morphology. Journal of Veterinary Research, 69(3), 271-282. (in Farsi)
30
Salabi, F., Bujarpoor, Fayazi, M., salari, J. S. & Nazari, M. (2011). Effects of different levels of zinc on the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler reared under heat stress condition. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 10, 1332-1335.
31
Sarvari, B. G., Seyedi, A. H., Shahryar, H. A., Sarikhan, M. I. & Ghavidel, S. Z. (2015). Effects of Dietary Zinc Oxide and a Blend of Organic Acids on Broiler Live Performance, Carcass Traits, and Serum Parameters. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 10.1590/1516-635.
32
Sawosz, E., Binek, M., Grodzik, M., Zielinska, M., Sysa, P. & Szmidt, M. (2007). Influence of hydrocolloidal silver nanoparticles on gastrointestinal microflora and morphology of enterocytes of quails. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 61, 444- 451.
33
Scholz-Ahrens, K., Peter, A., Marten, B., Weber, P., Wolfram, T., Yahya, A., Claus, C. G. & Schrezenmeir, J. (2007). Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics affect mineral absorption, bone mineral content, and bone structure. Journal Nutrition, 137, 838S-846S.
34
Sharideh, H., Zhandi, M., Zaghari, M. & Akhlaghi, A. (2015)Effect of dietary zinc oxide and phytase on the plasma metabolites and enzyme activities in aged broiler breeder hens. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 9(4), 263-270.
35
Sinha, R., Karan, R., Sinha, A. & Khare, S. K. (2011). Interaction and nanotoxic effect of ZnO and Ag nanoparticles on mesophilic and halophilic bacterial cells. Bioresource Technology, 102, 1516-1520.
36
Sosnik, A., Carcaboso, A. M., Glisoni, R. J., Moretton, M. A. & Chiappetta, D. A. (2010). New old challenge in tuberculos is: potentially effective nanotechnologies in drug delivery. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 62(4-5), 547-59.
37
Szabo, A., Mezes, M., Horn, P., Suto, Z., Bazar, G. & Romvari, R. (2005). Developmental dynamics of some blood biochemical parameters in the growing turkey (Meleagris Gallopavo). Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, 53(4), 397-409.
38
Uyanik, F., Eren, M. & Tuncoku, G. (2010). Effects of supplemental zinc on growth, serum glucose,
39
Wang, C., Wang, M.Q., Ye, S. S., Tao, W. J. & Du, Y. J. (2011). Effects of copper-loaded chitosan nanoparticles on growth and immunity in broilers. Poultry Science, 90, 2223-2228.
40
Zaghari, M., Avazkhanllo, M. & Ganjkhanlou, M. (2015). Reevaluation of Male Broiler Zinc Requirement by Dose-Response Trial Using Practical Diet with Added Exogenous Phytase. Journal of Agricultural Science Technology, 17, 333-343.
41
Zhou, X. & Wang, Y. (2011). Influence of dietary nano elemental selenium on growth performance, tissue selenium distribution, meat quality, and glutathione peroxidase activity in Guangxi Yellow chicken. Poultry Science, 90, 680-686.
42
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation the quality and quantity of phenolic compound and antioxidant activity of propolis in the vicinity of Karaj
This experiment was conducted to determine the quality and quantity of chemical compounds and the proper harvesting time of propolis form honey bee hives in Karaj. A completely randomized design with three treatments (propolis harvesting time) and six replicated (hives) were used. Propolis samples were collected from hives in June, July and August. Ethanol extract was prepared from samples and standard methods were used for evaluation. Methods of pholin, FRAP, and Alominium chloride were used to measure phenol level, felavenoide, and antioxidant patency respectively. The results showed that amount of phenol, felavenoide and antioxidant potency were 216.7 mg/gr, 61.69 mg/gr, and 3305.27 μmol respectively and antioxidant activity was 52.42%. these amounts were higher than the qualities of samples harvested in June and July.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61155_b5b08aad5d66bfb794a92466ad21f31e.pdf
2017-02-19
499
506
10.22059/ijas.2017.202821.653431
Active Ingredients
honey bee
propolis
quality
Laya
Pourazadi
laya.pourazadi@yahoo.com
1
Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Gholam Ali
Nehzati
nehzati@ut.ac.ir
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Ghaziani
ghaziani@ut.ac.ir
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Saeed
Abbasai
saeedabbasi@ut.ac.ir
4
Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Afrouzan, H., Tahmasebi, Gh., Bankova, V. & Bigdeli, M. (2007). Comparison of quantity and quality of propolis produced by gymnosperms and angiosperms plants in northeast of Tehran, Iran. Journal of the Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 77, 156-162. (in Farsi)
1
Bankova, V. (2005). Chemical diversity of propolis and the problem of standardization. Journal of ethnopharmacology 100, 114-117.
2
Banskota, A. H., Tezuka, Y., Adnyana, I. K., Midorikawa, K., Matsushige, K., Message, D., ... & Kadota, S. (2000). Cytotoxic, hepatoprotective and free radical scavenging effects of propolis from Brazil, Peru, the Netherlands and China. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 72(1), 239-246.
3
Benzie, I. F. & Strain, J. (1996). The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidant power”: the FRAP assay. Journal of the Analytical Biochemistry 239, 70-766.
4
Bonvehí, J. S. & Coll, F. V. (2000). Study on propolis quality from China and Uruguay. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung c, 55(9-10), 778-784.
5
Bonvehí, J. S. & Gutiérrez, A. L. (2011). Antioxidant activity and total phenolics of propolis from the Basque Country (Northeastern Spain). Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 88, 1387-1395.
6
Burdock, G. A. (1998). Review of the biological properties and toxicity of bee propolis (propolis). Journal of Food and Chemical toxicology, 36(4), 347-363.
7
Castaldo, S. & Francesco, C. (2002). Propolis, an old remedy used in modern medicine. Fitoterapia, 73, S1-S6.
8
Chang, C.-C., Yang, M. H., Wen, H. M. & Chern, J. C. (2002). Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 10, 178-182.
9
Cottica, S. M., Sabik, H., Antoine, C., Fortin, J., Graveline, N., Visentainer, J. V. & Britten, M. (2014). Characterization of Canadian propolis fractions obtained from two-step sequential extraction. LWT- Journal of the Food Science and Technology, 60(1), 609-614.
10
Cottica, S. M., Sawaya, A. C., Eberlin, M. N., Franco, S. L., Zeoula, L. M. & Visentainer, J. V. (2011). Antioxidant activity and composition of propolis obtained by different methods of extraction. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 22, 929-935.
11
Croci, Anda Natanela, et al. (2009). HPLC evaluation of phenolic and polyphenolic acids from propolis. Journal of the Farmacia, 57(1), 52-57.
12
Chung, Y. C., Chien, C. T., Tang, K. Y. & Chou, S. T. (2006). Antioxidative and mutagenic properties of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Sieb & zucc. Journal of the Food Chemistry, 97(3), 418-425.
13
Falcão, S. I., Freire, C. & Vilas-Boas, M. (2013). A proposal for physicochemical standards and antioxidant activity of Portuguese propolis. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 90, 1729-1741.
14
Hinneburg, I., Damien Dorman, H. J. & Hiltunen, R. (2006). Antioxidant activities of selected culinary herbs and spices. Journal of the Food Chemistry, 97, 122-129.
15
Popeskovic, D., et al. (1980). The antioxidative properties of propolis and some of its components. Journal of the Acta Veterinaria, 30(3/4), 133-136.
16
Krell, R. (1996). Value-added products from beekeeping, Food & Agriculture Org
17
Kumaran, A. & Karunakaran, R. J. (2006). Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of an aqueous extract of Coleus aromaticus. Journal of the Food Chemistry, 97, 109-114.
18
Mohammadzadeh, S., Sharriatpanahi, M., Hamedi, M., Amanzadeh, Y., Sadat Ebrahimi, S. E. & Ostad, S. N. (2007). Antioxidant power of Iranian propolis extract. Journal of the Food Chemistry, 103, 729-733. (in Farsi)
19
Nagai, T., Inoue, R., Inoue, H. & Suzuki, N. (2003). Preparation and antioxidant properties of water extract of propolis. Journal of the Food Chemistry, 80, 29-33.
20
Rice Evans, C. (2004). Flavonoids and isoflavones (absorption, metabolism and bioactivity). Journal of the Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 36, 827-8.
21
Stan, L., Mărghitaş, L. A. & Dezmirean, D. (2011). Quality criteria for propolis standardization. Journal of the Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 44, 137-140.
22
Yarahmadi, S., Aliakbar, A. & Hosseinpour, R. (2008). Flavonoids Composition in Propolis of Citrus, Forest Trees and Pines in Guilan Province. Journal of Agricultural science (University of Tabriz), 18(1), 195-203. (in Farsi)
23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of feeding slow-release bolus of zinc, selenium and cobalt on growth performance and some blood metabolites of Markhoz male goats
This trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of slow-release bolus containing zinc, selenium and cobalt on growth performance and blood parameters of Markhoz male goats for 60 days. Eighteen Markhoz male goats, 15 months of age with average weight of 24.4±5.1 kg were randomly divided into 2 groups (9 goats per group) including: 1) control group (basal diet without any mineral supplements and slow-release bolus and 2) bolus group (basal diet + one slow release bolus). The dry matter intake, average daily gain and feed efficiency were determined. Blood parameters were measured on days 30 and 60. Daily feed intake was similar among treatments. Daily weight gain (37.41 gr/day), plasma concentrations of vitamin B12 (185.05 IU/L) and Zinc (0.86 mg/L), the activity of serum alkaline phosphatase (167.31 IU/L) and whole blood glutathione peroxidase (261.28 IU/gr Hb) and serum T3 level (1.35 nmol/L) were lower in control group than group receiving bolus (P<0.05). The activity of creatine phosphokinase and serum T4 concentration were also significantly lower in group receiving bolus compared to control group (P<0.05). The overall results of this study showed that slow release bolus containing Zn, Se and Co could improve performance, blood glutathione peroxidase, vitamin B12 and tri-iodothyronine (T3) status in Markhoz goats compared with the group that received the basal diet without any mineral supplements.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61156_e8306f0f29c7bd36ea2b604c25502591.pdf
2017-02-19
507
517
10.22059/ijas.2017.137518.653386
Blood
cobalt
Goat
Growth
selenium
slow release bolus
Zinc
Hassan
Aliarabi
h_aliarabi@yahoo.com
1
Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Bayervand
mehdibayervand@yahoo.com
2
Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Aliasghar
Bahari
bahariaa@yahoo.com
3
Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Pouya
Zamani
zamani.p@gmail.com
4
Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Amir
Fadayifar
fadayifar.amir@gmail.com
5
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Alimohamady
rezaalimohamady@yahoo.com
6
Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
AUTHOR
Aliarabi, H. & Fadayifar, A. (2013). Effect of slow-release bolus on some blood metabolites and lambing performance of ewes. The second international conference on agriculture and natural resources,2, 8-10.
1
Alimohamady, R., Aliarabi, H., Bahari, A. A. & Dezfoulian, A. H. (2013). Influence of different amounts and sources of selenium supplementation on performance, some blood parameters, and nutrient digestibility in lambs. Biological Trace Element Research, 154, 45-54.
2
Andres, S., Mane, M. C., Sanchez, J., Barrera, R. & Jimenez, A. (1996). Changes in GSHPx and muscle enzyme activities in lambs with nutritional myodegeneration following a single treatment with sodium selenite. Small Ruminant Research,23, 183-186.
3
AOAC. (2000). Association of Official Analytical Chemist. In: Horwitz W (ed) Official methods of analysis of AOAC International, (17th ed). AOAC International, Maryland-Gaithersburg, USAA.
4
Attia, A. N., Awadalla, S. A., Esmail, E. Y. & Hady, M. M. (1987). Role of some microelements in nutrition of water buffalo and its relation to production. 2. Effect of zinc supplementation. Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal, 18, 91-100.
5
Beckett, G. J. & Arthur, J. R. (2005). Selenium and endocrine systems. Journal of Endocrinology, 184, 455-465.
6
Berger, L. B. (2006). Salt and trace mineral for livestock, poultry and other animals. Salt Institute.
7
Bishehsari, SH., Tabatabaei, M. M., Aliarabi, H., Alipour, D., Zamani, P. & Ahmadi, A. (2010). Effect of dietary cobalt supplementation on plasma and rumen metabolites in Mehraban lambs. Small Ruminant Research, 90,, 170-173.
8
Dalir-Naghadeh, B. & Rezaei, S. A. (2008). Assessmant of serum thyroid hormone concentrations in lambs with selenium deficiency myopathy. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 69, 659-663
9
Davis, P. A., McDowell, L. R., Wilkinson, N. S., Buergelt, C. D., Van Alstyne, R., Weldon, R. N., Marshall, T. T. & Matsuda-Fugisaki, E. Y. (2008). Comparative effects of various dietary levels of Se as sodium selenite or Se yeast on blood, wool, and tissue Se concentrations of wether sheep. Small Ruminant Research, 74, 149-158.
10
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12
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26
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36
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43
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44
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49
Wang, R. L., Kong, X. H., Zhang, Y. Z., Zhu, X. P. & Narenbatu, Z. H. (2007). Influence of dietary cobalt on performance, nutrient digestibility and plasma metabolites in lambs. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 135, 346-352.
50
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51
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Compare royal jelly injection with different concentrations of eCG on Arabic ewe reproductive efficiency in non-breeding season
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of royal jelly injection in comparison with different doses of eCG on Arabian ewe's reproductive efficiency in the short and long term estrous synchronization programs in non-breeding season. 72 Arabic breed ewes with age of two to five-year and average weight of 38.8±1.2 kg were used. Ewes were receiving intravaginal sponges for 6 days (36) and 12 days (36). At the time of sponge removal, each group was divided into three subgroups of 12 ewes, and they received 300, 600 IU eCG and a combination of 500 mg royal jelly and 300 IU eCG (eCG-RJ), respectively. Fertility rate was greater in 600 IU eCG and RJ-eCG treatment than 300 IU ewes (P<0.05). Barren rate and gestation period were lower in this treatment compare to 300 IU ewes (P<0.05). Weaning weight and net income and gross income were greater in RJ-eCG treatment than other groups (P<0.05). Oestrus incidence, prolificacy rate and mean of birth weight were not different between the treatments (P>0.05). Results demonstrate that MAP sponge with 6 days priming for oestrus induction in anoestrus ewes was as effective as 12-day treatment. Also, the treatments of RJ-eCG and 600 IU eCG in conjunction with sponge-MAP were similarly effective in induction of oestrus and improvement of fertility. However, from economic point of view, treatment of RJ-eCG showed better results and can be used to enhance the reproductive efficiency in the livestock.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61168_2fb566a34ffce80506fb57cc41d3ac6f.pdf
2017-02-19
519
529
10.22059/ijas.2017.209985.653451
Economic Benefit
oestrus synchronization
sponge
Fatemeh
Khalilavi
fatemehkhalilavi@yahoo.com
1
M. Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Food Science, Ramin (Khuzestan) Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Morteza
Mamoei
mamouei_m@yahoo.com
2
Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Food Science, Ramin (Khuzestan) Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Saleh
Tabatabaei
s_tabatabaei58@yahoo.com
3
Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Food Science, Ramin (Khuzestan) Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Morteza
Chaji
mortezachaji@yahoo.com
4
Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Food Science, Ramin (Khuzestan) Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
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25
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47
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters for first three lactation profitability in Iranian Holstein cows
Genetic and phenotypic parameters for the first three lactations profitability and sum of first three lactations as lifetime profitability in Iranian Holstein cows were estimated, using data of 86,065 cows in 423 herds, from 2000 to 2011 collected by the Animal Breeding Centre of Iran (ABCI). Economic data were collected from three large dairy farms in Isfahan province. Estimates were performed by using bivariate animal model through the VCE.6.2 software. Estimated heritabilities were moderate and ranged from 0.14 (for third lactation profitability) to 0.32 (for lifetime profitability). Estimated genetic correlations were close to one and ranged from 0.88 between first and third lactation profitability to 0.99 between second lactation profitability and lifetime profitability. Phenotypic correlations were high and in the range of 0.38 between first and third lactation profitability to 0.82 between second lactation profitability and lifetime. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between first lactation and lifetime profitability were 0.96 and 0.76, respectively. These high values of correlations and heritabilities obtained for the first lactation profitability (0.31) showed that the profitability of the first lactation might be a good predictor of lifetime profitability. Therefore, by direct selection on first lactation profitability, genetic-economic merit could be improved.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61158_d54b008a882324e22cb419a81dabfb96.pdf
2017-02-19
531
538
10.22059/ijas.2017.132186.653353
Dairy cattle
genetic parameters
Profit
total economic merit
Sara
Hassanvand-Javanmard
s.hasanvandjavanmard@ag.iut.ac.ir
1
Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi
sadeghism@cc.iut.ac.ir
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Dadpasand
dadpasand@shirazu.ac.ir
3
Associated Professor, Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Azizzadeh, M. (2011). Characterisation and pattern of culling in Holstein-Friesian dairy herds in
1
Khorasan Razavi Province, Northeast of Iran. Veterinary Research Forum, 2(4), 254- 258.
2
Balaine, D. S., Pearson, R. E. & Miller, R. H. (1981). Profit Functions in Dairy Cattle and Effect of Measures of Efficiency and Prices. Journal of Dairy Science,64(1), 87- 95.
3
Beaudry, T. F., Cassell, B. G. & Norman, H. D. (1988). Relationships of lifetime profit to sire evaluations from first, all, and later records. Journal of Dairy Science, 71, 204- 213.
4
Dadpasand, M., Miraei-Ashtiani, S. R., Moradi Shahrebabak, M. & Vaez Torshizi, R. (2008) Impact of conformation traits on functional longevity of Holstein cattle of Iran assessed by a Weibull proportional hazards model. Livestock Science, 118(3), 204- 211.
5
Forabosco, F., Bozzi, R., Boettcher, p., Filippini, F., Bijma, P. & Van Arendonk, J. A. M. (2005). Relationship between profitability and type traits and derivation of economic values for reproduction and survival traits in Chianina beef cows. Journal of Animal Science, 83, 2043-2051.
6
Ghorbani, G. R. & Khosravinia, H. K. (2007). Principle of Dairy Science. (2nd ed.). (in Farsi)
7
Haan, M. H. A. d., Cassell, B. G., Pearson, R. E. & Smith, B. B. (1992). Relationships between net income, days of productive life, production, and linear type traits in grade and registered Holsteins. Journal of Dairy Science, 75, 3553-3561.
8
Perez- Cabal, M. A., Hernandez, D., Alenda, R., Carabano, M. J. & Charfeddine, N. (1999). Genetic analysis of true profit for Spanish dairy cattle. Workshop on Genetic Improvement of Functional Traits in Cattle. Breeding Goals and Selection Schemes Wageningen, The Netherlands, INTERBULL Bull, 23, 107-113.
9
Perez-Cabal, M. A. & Alenda, R. (2002). Genetic relationships between lifetime profit and type traits in Spanish Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science,85, 3480-3491.
10
Perez-Cabal, M. A. & Alenda, R. (2003). Lifetime profit as an individual trait and prediction of its breeding values in Spanish Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 86, 4115-4122.
11
Perez-Cabal, M. A., Garcia, C., Gonzalez-Recio, O. & Alenda, R. (2006). Genetic and phenotypic relationships among locomotion type traits, profit, production, longevity, and fertility in Spanish dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 89, 1776-1783.
12
Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi, A., Moradi-Shahrbabak, M., Nejati-Javaremi, A., Miraei-Ashtiani, S. R. & Amer, P. R. (2012). Breeding objectives for Holstein dairy cattle in Iran. Journal of Dairy Science,95, 3406-3418.
13
Shadparvar, A. A. & Nikbin, S. (2008). Optimum model for analyzing lifetime profitability of Holstein cows. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 21(6), 769-775.
14
Smith, L. A., Cassell, B. G. & Pearson, R. E. (1998). The effects of inbreeding on the lifetime performance of dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 81, 2729-2737.
15
VanRaden, P. M. (2004). Invited Review: Selection on net merit to improve lifetime profit. Journal of Dairy Science, 87, 3125-3131.
16
Visscher, P. M. & Goddard, M. E. (1995). Genetic analyses of profit for Australian dairy cattle. British Society of Animal Science, 61, 9-18.
17
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18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Molecular study of mitochondrial electron transport chain genes in Iranian single and double humped camels
The present study aimed to determine the sequence of mitochondrial DNA genes encoding NADH dehydrogenase subunits 1, 5 and 6, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and ATP synthase subunit 6 in the Iranian single and doublehumped camels. In this study, 10 Dromedary blood samples from Mashad slaughter house, and 15 blood Bacterian camel's Meshkinshahr Breeding Center samples from were collected. After DNA extraction, the regions of mtDNA was amplified by PCR and sequenced by chain termination method. Results showed that, the energy-related mitochondrial genes showed amino acid substitutions according to their roles in energy metabolism in both camels. ATP6 acquired the greatest changes because it controls the majority of energy production, and the COX1 acquired the lowest changes. The phylogenetic test results showed that Iranian camels have the lowest genetic distance with Arabian camels. Furthermore, it can be concluded that using either individual genes or a set of genes to draw a phylogenetic tree will lead to the same result. Therefore, to perform phylogenetic studies, we can propose that using only one of these genes can generate a tree, which represents a group of genes.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61159_a16ca47ca051b8ba45bd453a38c95cbb.pdf
2017-02-19
539
547
10.22059/ijas.2017.127812.653336
Electron transport chain
Iranian camels
Mitochondrial Genome
phylogeny
Marjan
Azghandi
azghandi.marjan@gmail.com
1
M.Sc. Student, Animal Genetics and Breeding, department of Animal science, Faculty of agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mojtaba
TahmooresPour
m_tahmoorespur@yahoo.com
2
Professor of Animal Genetics and Breeding, department of Animal science, Faculty of agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Javadmanesh
alijavadmanesh@yahoo.com
3
Assistant Professor of Animal Genetics and Breeding, department of Animal science, Faculty of agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
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Ahmed, M., El-Shazly, S., Sayed, S. & Amer, S. (2013). Molecular study of energy related mitochondrial genes in Arabian and Bactrian camels. American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 9(1), 61-70.
2
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3
Bridges, H. R., Fearnley, I. M. & Hirst, J. (2010). The Subunit Composition of Mitochondrial NADH: Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase (Complex I) From Pichia pastoris. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics, 9, 2318-2326.
4
Bruford, M., Bradley, D. & Luikart, G. (2003). DNA markers reveal the complexity of livestock domestication. Nature Reviews Genetics, 3, 900-910.
5
Chen, Y.F., Kao, C.H., Chen, Y.T., Wang, C.H. & Wu, C.Y. (2009). Cisd2 deficiency drives premature aging and causes mitochondria-mediated defects in mice. Genes & Development, 23,1183-1194.
6
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Fonseca, R. R. D., Johnson, W. E., O'Brien, S. J., Ramos, M. J. & Antunes, A. (2008). The adaptive evolution of the mammalian mitochondrial genome. BMC Genomics, 9, 119.
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9
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10
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11
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12
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13
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14
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15
Wang, W. X., Visavadiya, N. P., Pandya, J. D., Nelson, P. T., Sullivan, P. G. & Springer, J. E. (2015). Mitochondria-associated microRNAs in rat hippocampus following traumatic brain injury. Experimental Neurology, 265, 84-93.
16
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effects of different levels of Nasturtium officinalis medicinal plant on the performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical and antioxidant parameters in broiler chickens
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of Nasturtium officinalis(NO)medicinal plant powder on performance, carcass quality traits, blood biochemical and antioxidant parameters of broilers from 11 to 42 days in two experimental periods: grower (11 to 24 days) and finisher (25 to 42 days). In this experiment 280 Ross- 308 broilers (male and female) were used completely randomized design with 5 treatments, 4 replicates per treatment and 14 birds in each replicate. Experimental groups included: 1) control group (without NO), 2) group with 0.5% NO, 3) group with 1% NO, 3) group with 1.5% NO and 5) group with 2% NO. The results showed that using of NO without having any significant effects in carcass quality traits, blood biochemical and antioxidant parameters, affect the performance of broilers in grower, finisher and total periods (p<0.05). In these periods, using 1% of NO powder in broilers diets improved the amount of daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio. The lowest amount of daily weight gain and the highest feed conversion ratio were observed in control group. The highest body weight was obtained with 1.5% of NO. In conclusion using 1% Nasturtium officinalispowder in broiler diets can improve their performance.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61160_fbda47c7e170ee948bf5f04f4a9c1f6e.pdf
2017-02-19
549
556
10.22059/ijas.2017.125391.653320
Broilers
Medicinal plant
nasturtium officinalis
performance
Jamal
Shirdel
jamal@yahoo.com
1
M.Sc. Student of Animal Science, Islamic Azad University-Maragheh Branch, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Nobakhat
anobakht20@yahoo.com
2
Associate Professor of Animal Science, Islamic Azad University-Maragheh Branch, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Cowan, M. M. (1999). Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clinical Microbiology Review, 12, 564-582.
1
Cross, D. E., Mcdevitt, R. M., Hillman, K. & Acamovic, T. (2007). The effect of herbs and their associated essential oils on performance, dietary digestibility and gut microflora in chickens from 7 to 28 days of age. British Poultry Science, 48, 496-506.
2
Faix, Š., Faixová, Z., Plachá1, I. & Koppel, J. (2009). Effect of Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oils on antioxidative status in broiler chickens. Acta Veterinary Brno, 78, 411-417.
3
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4
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5
Khaligh, F., Sadeghi, G., Karimi, A. & Vaziry, A. (2011). Evaluation of different medicinal plants blends in diets for broiler chickens. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(10), 1971-1977.
6
Khosravi Manesh, M. (2011). Evaluation of two medicinal plants extract in diets of Japanese quails. Annals of Biological Research, 2(6), 657-661.
7
Khosravi Manesh, M., Kazemi, S. & Asfari, M. (2012). Influence of poly germander (Teucrium polium) and watercress (Nasturtium officinale) extract on performance, carcass quality and blood metabolites of male broilers. Research Opinion in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2(2), 66-68.
8
Lee, K. W., Everts, H. & Beynen, A. C. (2004). Essential oils in broiler nutrition. International Journal of Poultry Science, 3, 738-752.
9
Mazandarani, M., Momeji, A. & Moghaddam, P. Z. (2013). Evaluation of phytochemical and antioxidant activities from different parts of Nasturtium officinale R. Br. in Mazandaran. Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology, 3(2), 659-664.
10
Ozen, T. (2009). Investigation of antioxidant properties of nasturtium officinale (watercress) leaf extracts. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica-Drug Research, 66(2), 187-193.
11
Rathert, T. Ç., Gökmen, C. & Gürbüz, Y. (2010). Effect of watercress (Nasturtium Officinale) on egg quality, yolk color and yolk fatty acid composition in laying hens. Arch Geflügelk, 74(3), S. 178-182.
12
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13
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14
Young, J. F., Stagsted, J., Jensen, S. K., Karlsson, A. H. & Henckel, P. (2003). Ascorbic acid, α-Tocopherol, and Oregano supplements reduce stress-induced deterioration of chicken meat quality. Poultry Science, 82, 1343-1351.
15
Zaki, A. A., Elbarawy, A. M. & Darwish, A. S. (2011). Biochemical studies on the effect of nasturtium officinalis plant extract in chickens fed raw soya bean meals. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(9), 755-761.
16
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Identification of new miRNAs and isomirs in liver tissue of dairy cows
Negative energy balance (NEB) occurs inhigh-producing dairy cows in first few weeks after parturition, that energy demand for maintenance and milk production exceeds the dietary energy intake. NEB has a considerable economic importance due to negative effect on health and fertility in dairy herds, therefore, the identification of its effective regulatory mechanism is important. miRNAs are one of these effective regulatory factors in NEB. Despite of the importance of NEB, the regulatory mechanisms related to miRNAs has not been well documented. In this study miRNA-seq data from liver tissue of eight Holstein dairy cows were analyzed to identify new miRNAs and isomirs. All data have been achieved from GEO in NCBI database. A total of 291 new miRNAs with homologous gene in other species were identified. Moreover, 164 new miRNAs without homologous were identified. Investigation of target genes of these miRNAs lead to identify biological paths related to NEB. Also 466 new isomiR and 95 new miRNA* were detected for the first time in cow genome. The results of the current study provide new information for better understanding of the regulatory roles of miRNAs in NEB.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61161_d4e4adb57f3307b58d6dae804d7edd09.pdf
2017-02-19
557
569
10.22059/ijas.2017.202569.653428
IsomiR
negative energy balance
liver tissue
Zohre
Mozduri
mozduri.z@ut.ac.ir
1
M. Sc. Student, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Bakhtiarizadeh
mrbakhtiari@ut.ac.ir
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdolreza
Salehi
arsalehi@ut.ac.ir
3
Associate Professor, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Bartel, D. P. (2004). MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell, 116, 281-297.
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Barturen, G., Rueda, A., Hamberg, M., Alganza, A., Lebron, R., Kotsyfakis, M., Shi, B. J,. Koppers-Lalic, D. & Hackenberg, M. (2014). sRNAbench: profiling of small RNAs and its sequence variants in single or multi-species high-throughput experiments. Methods in Next Generation Sequencing, 1, 21-311.
2
Bolger, A. M., Lohse, M. & Usadel, B. (2014). Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data. Bioinformatics, btu170, 1-77.
3
Bortoluzzi, S., Bisognin, A., Biasiolo, M., Guglielmelli, P., Biamonte, F., Norfo, R., Manfredini, R. & Vannucchi, A. M. (2012). Characterization and discovery of novel miRNAs and moRNAs in JAK2V617F-mutated SET2 cells. Blood, 119, e120-e130.
4
Bu, P., Wang, L., Chen, K. Y., Rakhilin, N., Sun, J., Closa, A., Tung, K. L., King, S., Varanko, A. K. & Xu, Y. (2015). miR-1269 promotes metastasis and forms a positive feedback loop with TGF-[beta]. Naturecommunications, 6, 1-122.
5
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8
Fatima, A., Analysis of hepatic microRNA expression in postpartum dairy cows in negative energy balance. (2014). National University of Ireland, Galway.
9
Fatima, A. & Morris, D. G. (2013). MicroRNAs in domestic livestock. Physiological Genomics, 45, 685-696.
10
Fatima, A., Waters, S., O’Boyle, P., Seoighe, C. & Morris, D. G. (2014a). Alterations in hepatic miRNA expression during negative energy balance in postpartum dairy cattle. BMC Genomics, 15, 1-100.
11
Fatima, A., Lynn, D. J., O’Boyle, P., Seoighe, C. & Morris, D. (2014b). The miRNAome of the postpartum dairy cow liver in negative energy balance. BMC genomics,15, 1-8.
12
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13
Ferland-McCollough, D., Ozanne, S., Siddle, K., Willis, A. & Bushell, M. (2010). The involvement of microRNAs in Type2 diabetes. Biochemical Society Transactions, 38, 1565-1570.
14
Fernandez-Valverde, S. L., Taft, R. J. & Mattick, J. S. (2010). Dynamic isomiR regulation in Drosophila development. Rna, 16, 1881-1888.
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Friedländer, M. R., Mackowiak, S. D., Li, N., Chen, W. & Rajewsky, N. (2012). miRDeep2 accurately identifies known and hundreds of novel microRNA genes in seven animal clades. Nucleic Acids Research, 40, 37-52.
16
Friedman, R. C., Farh, K. K. H., Burge, C. B. & Bartel, D. P. (2009). Most mammalian mRNAs are conserved targets of microRNAs. Genome Research, 19, 92-105.
17
Go, G. W. & Mani, A. (2012). Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family orchestrates cholesterol homeostasis. The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 85, 19-288.
18
IUM, T. (2012). ENCODE project writes eulogy for junk DNA. SCIENCE, 337, 1159-1161.
19
Jin, W., Grant, J. R., Stothard, P., Moore, S. S. & Guan, L. L. (2009). Characterization of bovine miRNAs by sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. BMC Molecular Biology, 10, 1-111.
20
John, B., Enright, A. J., Aravin, A., Tuschl, T., Sander, C. & Marks, D. S. (2004). Human microRNA targets. PLoS Biol,2,1-11.
21
Jopling, C. (2012). Liver-specific microRNA-122: Biogenesis and function. RNA biology, 9, 137-142.
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23
Kaur, K., Pandey, A. K,. Srivastava, S., Srivastava, A. K. & Datta, M. (2011). Comprehensive miRNome and in silico analyses identify the Wnt signaling pathway to be altered in the diabetic liver. Molecular BioSystems, 7, 3234-3244.
24
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Langmead, B. (2010). Aligning short sequencing reads with Bowtie. Current Protocols in Bioinformatics, 11.17. 11-11.17. 14.
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Lawless, N., Foroushani, A. B., McCabe, M. S., O’Farrelly, C. & Lynn, D. J. (2013). Next generation sequencing reveals the expression of a unique miRNA profile in response to a Gram-positive bacterial infection. PLOS ONE, 8, 1-13.
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Li, J. Y., Yong, T. Y., Michael, M. Z. & Gleadle, J. M. (2010). Review: The role of microRNAs in kidney disease. Nephrology, 15, 599-6088.
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29
Li, N., You, X., Chen, T., Mackowiak, S. D., Friedländer, M. R., Weigt, M., Du, H., Gogol-Döring, A., Chang, Z. & Dieterich, C. (2013). Global profiling of miRNAs and the hairpin precursors: insights into miRNA processing and novel miRNA discovery. Nucleic Acids Research, gkt072, 1-166.
30
Li, R., Zhang, C. L., Liao, X. X., Chen, D., Wang, W.Q., Zhu, Y. H., Geng, X. H., Ji, D. J., Mao, Y. J. & Gong Y. C. (2015). Transcriptome microRNA profiling of bovine mammary glands infected with Staphylococcus aureus. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16, 4997-50133.
31
Loor, J. J., Everts, R. E., Bionaz, M., Dann, H. M., Morin, D. E., Oliveira, R., Rodriguez-Zas, S.L., Drackley, J. K. & Lewin, H. A. (2007). Nutrition-induced ketosis alters metabolic and signaling gene networks in liver of periparturient dairy cows. Physiological Genomics, 32, 105-1166.
32
Lucy, M. (2006). Fertility in high-producing dairy cows: reasons for decline and corrective strategies for sustainable improvement. Society of Reproduction and Fertility Supplement, 64,237-2544.
33
McCabe, M., Waters, S., Morris, D., Kenny, D., Lynn, D. & Creevey, C. (2012). RNA-seq analysis of differential gene expression in liver from lactating dairy cows divergent in negative energy balance. BMC Genomics, 13, 1-11.
34
McCarthy, S. D., Waters, S. M., Kenny, D. A., Diskin, M. G., Fitzpatrick, R., Patton, J., Wathes, D. C. & Morris, D. G. (2010). Negative energy balance and hepatic gene expression patterns in high-yielding dairy cows during the early postpartum period: a global approach. Physiological Genomics, 42, 188-199.
35
Mehta, J. P. (2014). Sequencing Small RNA: Introduction and Data Analysis Fundamentals. RNA Mapping, Springer, 1182, 93-103.
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Nielsen, M., Hansen, J., Hedegaard, J., Nielsen, R., Panitz, F., Bendixen, C. & Thomsen, B. (2010). MicroRNA identity and abundance in porcine skeletal muscles determined by deep sequencing. Animal Genetics, 41, 159-168.
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Papa, S., Zazzeroni, F., Fu, Y. X., Bubici, C., Alvarez, K., Dean, K., Christiansen, P. A., Anders, R. A. & Franzoso, G. (2008). Gadd45β promotes hepatocyte survival during liver regeneration in mice by modulating JNK signaling. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 118, 1911-19233.
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Peng, Z., Cheng, Y., Tan, B.C.M., Kang, L., Tian, Z., Zhu, Y., Zhang, W., Liang, Y., Hu, X. & Tan, X. (2012). Comprehensive analysis of RNA-Seq data reveals extensive RNA editing in a human transcriptome. Nature Biotechnology, 30, 253-260.
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Phillips, T. (2008). Regulation of transcription and gene expression in eukaryotes. Nature Education, 6, 775-781.
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Pogribny, I. P., Starlard-Davenport, A., Tryndyak, V. P., Han, T., Ross, S. A., Rusyn, I. & Beland, F. A. (2010). Difference in expression of hepatic microRNAs miR-29c, miR-34a, miR-155, and miR-200b is associated with strain-specific susceptibility to dietary nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice. Laboratory Investigation, 90, 1437-1446.
41
Schmieder, R. & Edwards, R. (2011). Quality control and preprocessing of metagenomic datasets. Bioinformatics, 27, 863-864.
42
Sheldon, I. M. (2004). The postpartum uterus. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 20, 569-5911.
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Sturm, M., Hackenberg, M., Langenberger, D. & Frishman, D. (2010). TargetSpy: a supervised machine learning approach for microRNA target prediction. BMC bioinformatics, 11, 1-177.
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46
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47
Wang, L., Jia, X. J., Jiang, H.J,. Du, Y., Yang, F., Si, S. Y. & Hong, B. (2013). MicroRNAs 185, 96, and 223 repress selective high-density lipoprotein cholesterol uptake through posttranscriptional inhibition. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 33, 1956-1964.
48
Wathes, D. C., Cheng, Z., Chowdhury, W., Fenwick, M. A., Fitzpatrick, R., Morris, D. G., Patton, J. & Murphy, J. J. (2009). Negative energy balance alters global gene expression and immune responses in the uterus of postpartum dairy cows. Physiological Genomics, 39, 1-13.
49
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50
Xu, G., Gao, Z., He, W., Ma, Y., Feng, X., Cai, T., Lu, F., Liu, L. & Li, W. (2014). microRNA expression in hepatitis B virus infected primary treeshrew hepatocytes and the independence of intracellular miR-122 level for de novo HBV infection in culture. Virology, 448, 247-2544.
51
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ovine melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene in Lori-Bakhtiari sheep
The melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R), encoded by extension locus, plays an important role in coat color variation in livestock. In this study, the 840 bp of 5′- flanking region and most part of coding sequence of ovine MC1R gene was sequenced in 15 Lori-Bakhtiari sheep with different coat colors. The results showed eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): five synonymous mutations (c.464G.A, c.557G>C, c.635c>T, c.692C>T and c.932C>T) and three non-synonymous mutations (c.128G>C, p.Phe>Tyr, c.638G>A, p.Arg>Gln and c.653G>A, p.Arg>His). Based on the results, among the three non-synonymous mutations, the c.128G>C mutation which resulting in the replacement of Phe with Tyr amino acid could affect the functional performance of MC1R protein and this substitution might cause the color variation in this breed. In addition, the c.128G>C was observed in single phenotype. However, the two SNPs at position 638 and 653 led to substitution of two amino acids in MC1R, but these mutations didnot influence on MC1R performance. Therefore, our results suggest that the mutations of ovine MC1R gene could be associated with coat color phenotype in Lori-Bakhtiari sheep.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61162_51377c3bd335eadc39d06a633f3e18c7.pdf
2017-02-19
571
577
10.22059/ijas.2017.141864.653415
Coat color
Lori-Bakhtiari
MC1R gene
sheep
Mehdi
Abedi Dehsheikh
mehdi.abedi556@gmail.com
1
M.Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
AUTHOR
Mustafa
Muhaghegh Dolatabady
mmuhaghegh@yu.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abdel-Malek, Z. A. )2001(. Melanocortin Receptors: Their functions and regulation by physiological agonists and antagonists. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 58, 434-441.
1
Bennett, D. C. & Lamoreux, M. L. (2003). The Color Loci of Mice-A Genetic Century. Pigment Cell Society, 16, 333-344.
2
Chen, S. Y., Huang, Yi., Qing, Z., Fontanesi, L., Yong-Gang, Y. & Ping Liu, Y. (2009). Sequence characterization of the MC1R gene in Yak (Poephagus grunniens) breeds with different coat colors. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 861046
3
Deng, W. D., Shu, W., Yang, S. L., Shi, X. W. & Mao, H. M. (2009). Pigmentation in Black-boned sheep (Ovis aries): association with polymorphism of the MC1R gene. Molecular Biology Reports, 36, 431-436.
4
Fontanesi, L., Tazzoli, M., Beretti, F. & Russo, V. (2006). Mutations in the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene are associated with coat colours in the domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Animal genetics, 37(5), 489-493.
5
Fontanesi, L., Beretti, F., Riggio, V., Dall'Olio, S., Gonzalez, E. G. & Finocchiaro, R. (2009). Missense and nonsense mutations in melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R) gene of different goat breeds: association with red and black coat colour phenotypes but with unexpected evidences. Bio Med Central Genetics, 10, 47.
6
Fontanesi, L., Beretti, F., Riggio, V., Calascibetta, D., Russo, V. & Portolano, B. (2010). Sequence characterization of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene in sheep with different coat colors and identification of the putative e allele at the ovine extension locus. Small Ruminant Research, 91, 200-207.
7
Fontanesi, L., Dall'Olio, S., Beretti, F., Portolano, B. & Russo, V. )2011(. Coat Colours in the Massese sheep breed are associated with mutations in The Agouti signaling protein (ASIP) and melanocortin 1 receptor (MCIR) genes. The Animal Consortium, 5, 8-17.
8
Fontanesia, L., Rustempa, A., Brkab, M. & Russoa, V. (2012) Analysis of polymorphisms in the agouti signaling protein (ASIP) and melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) genes and association with coat colours in two Pramenka sheep types. SmallRuminant Research, 97:37-45
9
Goncalves, G. L., Hoekstra, H. E. & Freitas, T. R. (2012). Striking coat colour variation in tuco‐tucos (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae): a role for the melanocortin‐1 receptor?. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 105(3), 665-680.
10
Hepp, D., Gonçalves, G. L., Moreira, G. R., Freitas, T. R., Martins, C. T., Weimer, T. A. & Passos, D. T. (2012). Identification of the e allele at the Extension locus (MC1R) in Brazilian Creole sheep and its role in wool color variation. Genetics and Molecular Research, 11(3), 2997-3006.
11
Javanmard, A., Arafnajad, B., Arpanahi, R. A. & Moradi, M. H. (2015). Polymorphisms in Melanocorn Receptor 1 Gene in Goat Breeds: A window for coat color controlling mechanism. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science, 5(4), 889-895.
12
Klungland, H. & Vage, D. I. (2000). Molecular genetics of pigmentation in domestic animals. Current Genomics, 1(3), 223-242.
13
Long Wu, Z., Li, X. L., Liu, Y. Q., Gong, Y. F., Liu, Z. Z., Wang, X. J., Xin, T. R. & Ji, Q. )2006(. The red head and neck of Boer goats may be controlled by recessive allele of the MC1R gene. Animal Research, 55, 313-322.
14
Liu, R., Jin, L., Long, K., Chai, J., Ma, J., Tang, Q., Tian, S., Hu, Y., Lin, L., Wang, X. & Jiang, A. (2016). Detection of genetic diversity and selection at the coding region of the melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) gene in Tibetan pigs and Landrace pigs. Gene, 575(2), 537-542.
15
Marklund, L., Moller, M. J., Sandberg, K. & Andersson, L., 1996. A missense mutation in the gene for melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (MCIR) is associated with the chestnut coat color in horses. Mammalian Genome, 7(12), 895-899.
16
Mohammadabadi, M. R. & Sataimokhtari, R. (2013) Estimation of (Co) variance components of ewe productivity traits in kermani sheep. Slovak Journal of Animal Science, 46, 45-511.
17
Royo, L. J., Alvarez, I., Arranz, J. J., Fernandez, I., Rodriguez, A., Perez‐Pardal, L. & Goyache, F. (2008). Differences in the expression of the ASIP gene are involved in the recessive black coat colour pattern in sheep: evidence from the rare Xalda sheep breed. Animal genetics, 39(3), 290-293.
18
Searle, A. G. (1968). Comparative genetics of coat colour in mammals. Mammalian Genome, 19(1), 394-397.
19
Schibler, L., Vaiman, D., Oustry, A., Giraud-Delville, C. & Cribiu, E. P. )1998(. Comparative gene mapping: A Fine-Scale survey of chromosome rearrangements between ruminants and humans. Genome Research, 8, 901-915.
20
Schork, N. J., Fallin, D. & Lanchbury, S. (2000) Single nucleotide polymorphisms and the future of genetic epidemiology. Clinical Genetics, 58, 250-264
21
Traore, A., Royo, L. J., Kabore, A., Perez-Pardal, L., Alvarez, I., Fernandez, I. & Goyache, F. (2012). Allelic and genotypic frequencies of ASIP and MC1R genes in four West African sheep populations. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(78), 14287-14291.
22
Vage, D. I., Klungland, H., Lu, D. & Cone, R. D. (1999(. Molecular and pharmacological characterization of dominant black coat color in sheep. Mammalian Genome, 10, 39-43.
23
Vage, D. I., Fleet, M. R., Ponz, R., Olsen, R. T., Monteagudo, L. V., Tejedor, M. T. & Klungland, H. (2003). Mapping and characterization of the dominant black colour locus in sheep. Pigment Cell Research, 16(6), 693-697.
24
Yang, G. L., Fu, D. L., Lang, X., Yan, Y. F. & Luo, Y. Z. (2014). Genetic variation of 5 SNPs of MC1R gene in Chinese indigenous sheep breeds. Russian Journal of Genetics, 50(10), 1048-1059.
25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of supplementing diet with zeolite coated with silver nanoparticles on performance, intestinal morphology characteristics and ilium microbial population of broiler chickens
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing the diet with zeolite coated with silvernanoparticles on performance, intestinal morphology characteristics and ilium microbial population of broiler chickens in a completely randomized design with 375 day-old broiler chicks with five replicates per treatment and 15 chicks per replicate.Treatments were: 1) basal diet, 2) basal diet supplemented with1% zeoliteand 3, 4, and 5) basal diet supplemented with1% zeolitecoated and 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% nanosilver. Results showed that dietary supplementation with 1% zeolite and all level of silver nanoparticles had better feed conversion ratio than the basal diet on d 22-42 (P<0.05). Diets supplemented with silver nanoparticles at 0.5% and 0.75% level increased villi length and villus/crypt ratio significantly compared to the basal diet (P<0.05). In comparison to the basal diet, diets supplemented with silver nanoparticles decreased crypt depth. On d 21, broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with 0.5% and 0.75% silver nanoparticles had lower coliforms bacteria population compared with basal diet and basal diet supplemented with 1% zeolite (P<0.05). In conclusion, the present results showed that zeolite coated with silvernanoparticles can improve feed conversion ratio, intestinal morphological characters and decrease coliforms population in broiler chickens and it can be considered as a growth and health promoters.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61163_15244c5d421e6ba4f64ea41404365d06.pdf
2017-02-19
579
588
10.22059/ijas.2017.130905.653345
Broiler Chickens
coliforms
Silver nanoparticles
Villi length
zeolite
Mina
Smaili
m.esmaili1989@gmail.com
1
M. Sc Student, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Reza
Hashemi
hashemi711@yahoo.co.uk
2
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Daruosh
Davoodi
ddavoodi@abrii.ac.ir
3
Assistant Professor, Nanotechnology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Yousof
Jafari ahangari
yjahangari@yahoo.co.uk
4
Professor, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
Saeid
Hassani
saeedh_2000@yahoo.com
5
Associate Professor, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
Akram
Shabani
shabani_a86@yahoo.com
6
Ph. D. Student, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmadi, F. & Hafsi Kurdestany, A. (2010). The impact of silver nano particles on growth performance, lymphoid organs and oxidative stress indicators in broiler chicks. Global Veterinaria, 5, 366-370.
1
Ahmadi, J. (2009). Application of different levels of silver nanoparticles in food on the performance and some blood parameters of broiler chickens. World Applied Sciences Journal, 7, 24-27.
2
Ahmadi, J., Irani, M. & Choobchian, M. (2009). Pathological study of intestinal and liver in broiler chickens after treatment with different levels of silver nanoparticles. World Applied Sciences Journal, 7, 28-32.
3
Chiou, P. W. S., Lu, T. W., Hsu, J. C. & Yu, B. (1996). Effect of different sources of fiber on the intestinal morphology of domestic geese. Asia- Aust Journal Animal Science, 4, 539-550.
4
Cho, K. H., Park, J. E., Osaka, T. & Park, S. G. (2005). The study of antimicrobial activity and preservative effects of nanosilver ingredient. Electrochimica Acta, 15, 956-960.
5
Choi, O., Clevenger, T. E., Deng, B., Surampalli, R.Y., Ross, J. L. & Hu, Z. (2009). Role of sulfide and ligand strength in controlling nanosilver toxicity. Water Research, 43, 1879-1886.
6
Cobb-Vantress. (2012). Cobb 500 broiler manual. From: http://www.cobb-vantress.com.
7
Duncan, D. B. (1955). Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11, 1-42.
8
Fondevila, M., Herrer, R., Casallas, M. C., Abecia, L. & Duchab, J. J. (2008). Silver nanoparticles as a potential antimicrobial additive for weaned pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 150, 259-269.
9
Ghoodrat, A., Ila, N. & Salehi, M. (2009). Evaluation of feeding effects silver nanoparticles and probiotics and their reaction on performance of broilers chickens. Animal Science and Research Journal, 4, 11-17. (in Farsi)
10
Hashemi, S. R. & Davoodi, H.(2011). Herbal plants and their derivatives as growth and health promoters in animal nutrition. Veterinary Research Communications, 35, 180-169.
11
Hashemi, S. R., Davoodi, D., Dastar, B., Bolandi, N., Smaili, M. & Mastani, R. (2014a). Meat quality attributes of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with silver nanoparticles coated on zeolite. Poultry Science Journal, 2, 183-193.
12
Hashemi, S. R., Zulkifli, I., Davoodi, H., Hair Bejo, M. & Loh, T. C. (2014b). Intestinal histomorphology changes and serum biochemistry responses of broiler chickens fed herbal plant (euphorbia hirta) and mix of acidifier. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science, 4, 95-103.
13
Incharoen, T., Khambualai, O. & Yamauchi, k. (2009). Performance and histological changes of intestinal villi in chichens fed dietary natural zeolite in cluding plant extract. Asian Journal of Poultry Science, 3, 42-50.
14
Lok C.N., Ho, C. M., Chen. R., He. Q. Y., Yu, W. Y., Sun, H. (2007). Silver nanoparticles: partial oxidation and antibacterial activities. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 12, 527-53.
15
Ma, Y. L. & Guo, T. (2008). Intestinal morphology, brush border and digesta enzyme activities of broilers fed on a diet containing Cu2+-loaded montmorillonite. British Poultry Science, 49, 65-73.
16
Maneewan, B. & Yamauchi, K. (2005). Recovery of duodenal villi and cell in chickens refed protein, carbohydrate and fat. British Poultry Science, 46, 415-423.
17
Montagne, L., Pluske, J. R. & Hampson, D. J. (2003). A review of interactions between dietary fiber and the intestinal mucosa, and their consequences on digestive health in young non-ruminant animals. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 108, 95-117.
18
Morones, J. R., Elechiguerra, J. L., Camacho, A., Holt, K., Kouri, J. B., Ramirez, J. T. & Yacaman, M. J. (2005). The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology, 16, 2346-2353.
19
Mumpton, F. A. & Fishman, P. H. (1977). The application of zeolite in animal science and aquaculture. Journal of Animal Science, 45, 1188-1203.
20
Naghizadeh, F., Karimi Torshizi, M. A. & Rahimi, S. (2011). Comparison of nanosilver and in feed disinfectants on layer performance and intestinal microflora and yolk cholesterol. Journal of Animal Production, 13, 48-59. (in Farsi)
21
Naghizadeh, M. & Karimi Torshizi, M. A. (2013). Evaluation of nano silver as an antibiotics alternative on performance and intestinal morphometric parameters of broilers chickens. Journal of Animal Science, 44, 255-262. (in Farsi)
22
National Research Council. (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. (9th rev. ed.) National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
23
Palic, T., Vukicevice, O., Resanovic, R. & Rajic, I. (1993). Possible applications of natural zeolite in poultry production. Poultry Science, 021-0021300.
24
Park, Y. K., Monaco, M. M. & Donovan, S. M. (1998). Delivery of total parenteral nutrition via umbilical catheterization: development of a piglet model to during TPN. Biology of the Neonate, 73, 295-305.
25
Petunkin, N. (1991). Influence of zeolite on animal digestion in: Occurrence properties and utilization of natural zeolite. Havana Cuba, P. 280.
26
Pineda, L., Chwalibog, A. Sawosz, E., Lauridsen, C., Engberg, R., Elnif, J., Hotowy, A., Sawosz, F., Gao, Y., Ali, A. & Sepehri Moghaddam, H. (2012). Effect of silver nanoparticles on growth performance, metabolism and microbial profile of broiler chickens. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 66, 416-429.
27
Roshanai, K., Razavian, M. H., Ahmadi, R., Heidarieh, N. & Masaeemanesh, M. B. (2012). The effect of silvernano oral consumption on some hormonal, hematological and urine parameters of Vistar rats. Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal, 6, 65-70. (in Farsi)
28
Safaei Katuli, M., Boldaji, F., Dastar, B. & Hassani, S. (2010). The effect of dietary silicate minerals supplementation on apparent ileal digestibility of energy and protein in broiler chickens. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 14, 299-302.
29
SAS Institute. (2003). SAS/STAT® Users guide, Release 9.1 edition. SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC.
30
Shabani, A., Dastar, B., Khomeiri, M., Shabanpurand, B. & Hassani, S. (2011). Reduction effect of aflatoxicosis on the growth performance, blood protein and lipid concentration and gastro intestinal bacterial broilers fed nanozeolite. Journal of Animal Science Researches, 21, 117-127. (in Farsi)
31
Shabani, A., Dastar, B., Khomeiri, M., Shabanpurand, B. & Hassani, S. (2010). Effect of nanozeolite on performance, some blood parameters and ileal bacteria population in broiler chicks fed aflatoxin contaminated diets. Journal of Animal Production, 2, 58-68. (in Farsi)
32
Zargarn Esfahani, H., Sharifi, S. D., Brin, A. & Afzalzadeh, A. (2010). The effects of Silver Nanoparticles on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Iranian Journal of Animal Science, 2, 137-143. (in Farsi)
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of feeding finely ground versus steam-flaked corn grain on milk yield, composition and some blood metabolites in early lactating dairy cows
Hundred and thirty lactating Holstein cows (36 primiparous and 94 multiparous) in early lactation period (34.3 ± 9.1 days in milk) with averaging milk yield 52.2 ± 9.2 kg/d were allocated in a change-over design to compare the feeding of finely ground (FGC) versus steam flake corn grain (SFC). The performance, some blood metabolites, liver enzymes and insulin hormone were evaluated. The study lasted 44 days in two 22 days periods with the first 17 days as adaptation period and the last 5 days as sample collection period. The SFC was prepared by steam flaking of corn for 30 minutes in a stainless steel tank to increase the corn moisture up to 18-20%. The results show that DMI (P=0.53) as well as milk yield (P=0.078) were not differing between treatments (P>0.05). Corrected milk fat was tended to be greater for FGC compared to SFC (P=0.07), and energy corrected milk also was increased in SFC (P=0.02). Feeding ground corn caused to increase milk fat and steam flake corn feeding caused to increase milk protein percent (P<0.01). Although flaking increased blood glucose concentration, no other blood metabolites were differed between treatments. Insulin concentration as well as liver enzyme (ALT and AST) concentrations was similar between two treatments (P>0.05). In conclusion considering the cost of flaking and the base on present research results, corn grain flaking may not be recommendable for early lactation period.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61164_ff0411391d2c6513242223b734696158.pdf
2017-02-19
589
598
10.22059/ijas.2017.215887.653469
Corn Processing
glucose
metabolic disorders
milk fat
performance
Mehdi
Kazemi-Bonchenari
m-kazemibonchenari@araku.ac.ir
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mehdi
Mirzaei
mirzaee.1984@gmail.com
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Iran
AUTHOR
Mahdi
Khodaei-Motlagh
mmotlagh2002@gmail.com
3
Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Iran
AUTHOR
AmirHossein
Khaltabadi-Farahani
amfarahanikh2@gmail.com
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahnadi, C. E., Beswick, N., Delbecchi, L., Kennelly, J. J. & Lacasse, P. (2002). Addition of fish oil to diets for dairy cows. II. Effects on milk fat and gene expression of mammary lipogenic enzymes. Journal of Dairy Research, 69, 521-531.
1
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. (2000). Official Methods of Analysis. 13th ed. AOAC, Washington, DC.
2
Baldwin, P. M. (2001). Starch granule-associated proteins and polypeptides: A review. Starch, 53, 475-503.
3
Baumgard, L. H., Corl, B. A., Dwyer, D. A., Saebo, A. & Bauman, D. E. (2000). IdentiWcation of the conjugated linoleic acid isomer that inhibits milk fat synthesis. American Journal of Physiology, 278, R179-184.
4
Buléon, A., Colonna, P., Planchot, V. & Ball, S. (1998). Mini review Starch granules: Structure and biosynthesis. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 23, 85-112.
5
Chen, K. H., Huber, J. T., Theurer, C. B., Swingle, R. S., Simas, J., Chan, S. C., Wu, Z. & Sullivan, J. L. (1994). Effect of steam flaking of corn and sorghum grains on performance of lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 77, 1038-1043.
6
Deckardt, K., Khol-Parisini, A. & Zebeli Q. (2013). Peculiarities of enhancing resistant starch in ruminants using chemical methods: opportunities and challenges. Nutrients, 5, 1970-1988.
7
Griinari, J. M., Dwyer, D. A., McGuire, M. A., Bauman, D. E., Palmquist, D. L. & Nurmela, K.V.V. (1998). Trans-octadecenoic acids and milk fat depression in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 81, 1251-1261.
8
Hurtaud, C., Lemosquet, S. & Rulquin, H. (2000). Effect of graded duodenal infusions of glucose on yield and composition of milk from dairy cows. 2. Diets based on grass silage. Journal of Dairy Science, 83, 2952-2962.
9
Iqbal, S., Zebeli, Q., Mazzolari, A., Bertoni, G., Dunn, S. M., Yang, W. Z. & Ametaj, B. N. (2009). Feeding barley grain steeped in lactic acid modulates rumen fermentation patterns and increases milk fat content in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 92, 6023-6032.
10
Iqbal, S., Zebeli, Q., Mazzolari, A., Dunn, S. M. & Ametaj, B. N. (2012). Barley grain-based diet treated with lactic acid and heat modulated plasma metabolites and acute phase response in dairy cows. Journal of Animal Science, 90, 3143-522.
11
Iqbal, S., Zebeli, Q., Mazzolari, A., Dunn, S. M. & Ametaj, B. N. (2010). Feeding rolled barley grain steeped in lactic acid modulated energy status and innate immunity in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 93, 5147-5156.
12
Jenkins, T. C., Bertrand, J. A. & Bridges, W. C. (1998). Interactions of tallow and hay particle size on yield and composition of milk from lactating Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 81(5), 1396-1402.
13
Manns, J. G., Boda, J. M. & Willis, R. F. (1967). Probablerole of propionate and butyrate in control of insulinsecretion in sheep. American Journal of Physiology, 212, 756-764.
14
Oldham, J. D. (1984). Protein-energy interrelationships in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 67, 1090-114.
15
Piperova, L. S., Teter, B. B., Bruckental, I., Sampugna, J., Mills, S. E., Yurawecz, M. P., Fritsche, J., Ku, K. & Erdman, R. A. (2000). Mammary lipogenic enzyme activity, trans fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids aree altered in lactating dairy cows fed a milk fat-depressing diet. Journal of Nutrition, 130, 2568-2574.
16
Sutton, J. D., Bines, J. A., Morant, S. V. & Napper D. J. (1987). A comparison of starchy and fibrous concentrates for milk production, energy utilization, and hay intake by Friesian cows. Journal of Agricultural Science (Camb.), 109, 375-386.
17
Svihus, B., Uhlen, A. K. & Harstad, O. M. (2005). Effect of starch granule structure, associated components and processing on nutritive value of cereal starch: A review. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 122, 303-320.
18
Theurer, C. B., Huber, J. T. & Delgado-Elorduy, A. (1996). Steam-flaking improves starch utilization and milk production parameters. Pages 121–130 in Proc. Cornell Nutr. Conf., Dep. Anim. Sci., Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY.
19
Theurer, C. B., Huber, J. T. & Santos, F. A. P. (1995). Feeding and managing for maximal milk protein. Pages 59–67 in Proc. Southwest Nutrition and Management. Conf., Awahtuckee, AZ, Dept. Anim. Sci., Univ. Arizona, Tucson.
20
Theurer, C. B., Swingle, R. S., Wanderley, R. C., Kattnig, R. M., Urias, A. & Ghenniwa, G. (1999). Sorghum grain flak density and source of roughage in feedlot cattle diets. Journal of Animal Science, 77, 1066-10733.
21
Thomas, P. C. (1980). Influence of nutrition on the yield and content of protein in milk. Dietary protein and energy supply. Int. Dairy Federation Bulletin Doc, 125, 142.
22
Thomas, P. C. (1983). Milk protein. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 42, 407.
23
Yu, P., Huber, J. T., Santos, F. A. P., Simas, J. M. & Theurer, C. B. (1998). Effect of ground steam flaked, and steam rolled corn grains on performance of lactating cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 81, 777-7833.
24
Zebeli, Q., Mansmann, D., Steingass, H. & Ametaj, B. N. (2010). Balancing diets for physically effective fibre and ruminally degradable starch: A key to lower the risk of sub-acute rumen acidosis and improve productivity of dairy cattle. Livestock Science, 127, 1-10.
25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effects of dry period length on cow milk yield and milk components in commercial Holstein dairy herds
The aim of this study was investigating the effects of dry period length on milk production and milk component in commercial large dairy herds using 2143 cow records. The Cows were classified according to dry period length in ≤ 45, 45-51, 52-65, 66-76 and ≥ 75 days. Milk yield and contents were recorded during 6 to 12 months. Data were analyzed using the MIXED MODEL procedure of SAS. Results indicated that reduced dry period length to less than 45-day reduced milk production yield, and changes in body condition score and rate of retained placenta was increased. Milk fat content decreased none linearly with increasing dry period length and it was the least when length of dry period was 52-65 days. Dry period length cubically affected protein content of milk; protein content was decreased and then increased by increasing dry period length. Generally, the results showed that reduceing dry period length to less than 45 day had negative effects on health, milk yield and milk components.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61165_3bb2e380c7cb7ba891ea9a51e19d4acf.pdf
2017-02-19
599
608
10.22059/ijas.2017.204921.653440
dry period
milk component
milk yield
protein percent
Hamidreza
Mirzaei-Alamouti
alamoutih@znu.ac.ir
1
Associated Professor, Department of Animal Science, University of Zanjan
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali
Shapourzadeh
alishapourzadeh@gmail.com
2
Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, University of Zanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Kamran
Akbari-Pabandi
akbari@alumni.znu.ac.ir
3
Former M. Sc. Student, Department of Animal Science, University of Zanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Davood
Zahmatkesh
zahmatkesh@znu.ac.ir
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, University of Zanjan, Iran
AUTHOR
Andersen, J. B., Madsen, T. G., Larsen, T., Ingvartsen, K. L. & Nielsen, M. O. (2005). The effects of dry period versus continuous lactation on metabolic status and performance in periparturient cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 88, 3530-3541.
1
Annen, E. L., Collier, R. J., McGuire, M. A., Vicini, J. L., Ballam, J. M. & Lormore, M. J. (2004). Effect of modified dry period lengths and bovine somatotropin on yield and composition of milk from dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 87, 3746-3761.
2
Bachman, K. C. (2002). Milk production of dairy cows treated with estrogen at the onset of a short dry period. Journal of Dairy Scienc, 85, 797-803.
3
Bachman, K. C. & Schairer, M. L. (2003). Invited review: Bovine studies on optimal lengths of dry periods. Journal of Dairy Science, 86, 3027-3037.
4
Bernier-Dodier, P., Girard, C. L., Talbot, B. G. & Lacasse, P. (2011). Effect of dry period management on mammary gland function and its endocrine regulation in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 94, 4922-4936.
5
Bradley, A.J., Breen, J. E., Payne, B. Green, M. J., (2011). A comparison of broad spectrum and narrow-spectrum dry cow therapy used alone and in combination with a teat sealant. Journal of Dairy Science, 94, 692-704.
6
Butler, W. R. & Smith, R. D. (1989). Interrelationships between energy balance and postpartum reproductive function in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 72, 767-783.
7
Capuco, A. V., Akers, R. M. & Smith, J. J. (1997). Mammary growth in Holstein cows during the dry period: Quantification of nucleic acids and histology. Journal of Dairy Science, 80, 477-487.
8
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Grummer, R. R., Wiltbank, M. C., Fricke, P. M., Watters, R. D. & Silvio-Del-Rio, N. (2010). Management of dry and transition cows to improve energy balance and reproduction. Journal of Reproduction and Development, 56(Suppl.), S22-S28.
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Kuhn, M. T., Hutchison, J. L. & Norman, H. D. (2006). Dry period length to maximize production across adjacent lactations and lifetime production. Journal of Dairy Science, 89, 1713-1722.
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Kuhn, M. T., Hutchison, J. L. & Norman, H. D. (2006a). Effects of length of dry period on yields of milk fat and protein, fertility and milk somatic cell score in the subsequent lactation of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Research, 73, 154-162.
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41
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42
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Performance comparisons of some nonlinear functions in describing the growth curve of Zandi sheep breed
In this research fitness of nonlinear models of Von Bertalanffy, Gompertz, Brody and Logistic to describe the growth curve of Zandi sheep breed of Khojir station was studied. In this order from 14569 body weight records (from birth to 400 days of age) which have been recorded as daily from 3581 heads during the years 1992 to 2014 were used. Each model was fitted separately to body weight records using whole data, and also for different environmental factors (i.e., sex, type of birth, season of birth, year of birth and age of dam) separately using the nonlinear least square (NLIN) procedure of SAS. Goodness of fit of each model was determined using adjusted multiple coefficient of determination (R2Adj), Akaike’s information criterion (AIC), root mean square error (RMSE) and Durbin-Watson (DW). All used models in the current study fitted the growth data of Zandi sheep well based on different goodness of a fitting criteria. However, the results showed that Logistic growth model with the highest accuracy (R2Adj= 0.9702; AIC= 85886) and the lowest error (RMSE= 4.61) could describe growth curve better than the other growth models, and was followed by Gompertz, Von Bertalanffy and Brody growth models, respectively. The results of this research indicate that the Logistic model can be used to the regulate feeding programs, determination of management problems and optimum slaughtering age of lambs at the Khojir breeding situation.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61166_2e41a1d9f4fc12dd50f8ae8df07c3a50.pdf
2017-02-19
609
619
10.22059/ijas.2017.203271.653432
Growth parameters
mathematical functions
nonlinear least square procedure
Khabat
Kheirabadi
kheirabadikh@gmail.com
1
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abegaz, S., Van Wyk J.B. & Olivier, J.J. (2010). Estimation of genetic and phenotypic parameters of growth curve and their relationship with early growth and productivity in Horro sheep. Archic Tierzucht, 53, 85-94.
1
Akaike, H. (1974). A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Trans. Automatic Control, 19, 716-723.
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3
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4
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6
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Brown, J., Fitzhugh, H. & Cartwright, T. (1976). A comparison of nonlinear models for describing weight-age relationships in cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 42, 810-818.
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Canaza-Cayoa, A.W., Huancab, T., Gutiérrezc, G.P. & Beltrán P.A. (2015). Modelling of growth curves and estimation of genetic parameters for growth curve parameters in Peruvian young llamas (Lama glama). Small Ruminant Research, 130, 81-89.
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Dudouet, E. (1982). Theoretical lactation curve of the goat and its applications. Le Point Veterinak, 14, 53-61.
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14
Ghafouri-Kesbi, F. & Eskandarinasab, M. P. (2008). An evaluation of maternal influences on growth traits: the Zandi sheep breed of Iran as an example. Journal of Animal and Feed Science, 17, 519-529.
15
Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh, N. (2015). Modeling the growth curve of Iranian Shall sheep using non-linear growth models. Small Ruminant Research, 130, 60-66.
16
Groeneveld, E., Mostert, B. E. & Rust, T. (1998). The covariance structure of growth traits in the Afrikaner beef population. Live Stock Production Science, 55, 99-107.
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Kachman, S. D. & Gianola, G. (1984). A Bayesian estimator of variance and covariance components in nonlinear growth models. Journal of Animal Science, 59, 176.
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19
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20
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21
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22
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23
Lambe, N.R., Navajas, E.A., Simm, G. & Bunger, L. (2006). A genetic investigation of various growth models to describe growth of lambs of two contrasting breeds. Journal of Animal Science, 84, 2642-2654.
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25
Loibel, S., Andrade, M.G., do Val, J.B. & Freitas, A.R.d. (2010). Richards's growth model and viability indicators for populations subject to interventions. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 82, 1107-1126.
26
Mandal, A., Roy, R. & Rout, P.K. (2008). Direct and maternal effects for body measurements at birth and weaning in Muzaffarnagari sheep of India. Small Ruminant Research, 75,123127.
27
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28
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29
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30
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31
Rahimi Kakolaki, M., Farhangfar, H., Montazer Torbati, M. B. & Eghbal, E. (2015). Description of growth curve in Iranian sheep breeds using Gompertz nonlinear function. Journal of Livestock Research, 4, 22-38. (in Farsi)
32
Richards, F. (1959). A flexible growth function for empirical use. Journal of Experimental Botany, 10, 290-300.
33
Saraee, H., Farhangfar, H. & Naeemipour, H. (2013). Phenotypic Changes of Maximum Daily Growth Trait in Baluchi Lambs. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 50, 69-76. (in Farsi)
34
SAS Institute Inc. (2003). SAS 9.1.3 Help and documentation, Cary, NC, USA: SAS Institute Inc.
35
Teket, N., Sireli, H. D., Elicin, M. & Elicin, A. (2005). Comparison of growth curve models on Awassi lambs. Indian Veterinary Journal, 82, 179-182.
36
Topal, M., Ozdemir, M., Aksakal, V., Yildiz, N. & Dogru, U. (2004). Determination of the best nonlinear function in order to estimate growth in Morkaraman and Awassi lambs. Small Ruminant Research, 55, 229-232.
37
Von Bertalanffy, L. (1957). Quantitative laws in metabolism and growth. Quarterly Review of Biology, 32, 217-231.
38
Vuori, K., Stranden, I., Sevon-Aimonen, M. L. & Mantysaari, E. A. (2006). Estimation of non-linear growth models by linearization: a simulation study using a Gompertz function. Genetics Selection and Evolution, 38, 343-358.
39
Waheed, A., Sajjad Khan, M., Ali, S. & Sarwar, M. (2011). Estimation of growth curve parameters in Beetal goats. Archiv Tierzucht, 54, 287-296.
40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Intra Amniotic Injection of Zinc-Methionine and Nano Zinc-Methionine on Metallothionein Gene Expression in the Broiler chickens
The effects of intra amniotic injection of zinc-methionine and nano zinc-methionine on metallothionein mRNA expression of chicken’s liver and intestine were studied. Four hundred fertiled eggs (Ross 308 strain) were allocated to 4 treatments, 4 replicates/ treatment and 25 eggs per replicate using a CRD (Complete Random Design) design. Experimental treatments were: 1- no injection (negative control), 2- injection of 1 ml 0.9% saline solution (positive control), 3- injection of 1 ml 25% zinc- methionine solution and 4- injection of 1 ml 25% nano-zinc- methionine solution. On day 17 of incubation, eggs were injected using insulin syringes. Results showed that in Ovo injection lead to no significant effect on hatchability. The injection of zinc-methionine and nano zinc-methionine caused significant (P<0.01) increase in chicks weight at hatch, and a week after that. A similar result was obtained for liver and intestine samples. Groups treated with zinc-methionine and nano zinc-methionine showed significant (P<0.01) increase in metallothionein mRNA expression in liver and intestine and remained significant (P<0.01) at day 7 after hatch. Experimental treatments significantly (P<0.01) increased the liver and intestine metallothionein content at day 1 and 7 after hatch. Conclusion is that in ovo injection of zinc-methionine and nano zinc-methionine lead to increase body weight at first 3weeks of broiler rearing.
https://ijas.ut.ac.ir/article_61167_626bc1a4d43866a4b77a2f25c3e42211.pdf
2017-02-19
621
632
10.22059/ijas.2017.213018.653459
broiler
In Ovo feeding
metallothionein
nano zinc methionine
Kolsoom
Razani
k.razani@yahoo.com
1
Ph.D. Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
AUTHOR
Majid
Mottaghitalab
mmotaghi@guilan.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Seyed Hosein
Heseini Moghaddam
hosseini@guilan.ac.ir
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
AUTHOR
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