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0.05). Fertility, hatchability, and embryonic mortality rates as well as hatched chick weight were not affected by different levels of dietary vitamin A (P>0.05). The lowest food conversion ratio was observed in 32000 IU/kg of vitamin A (P<0.05).]]>
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0.05), 6.95 (P>0.05), 38.01 and 10.50 (P<0.05) percent reduction in abdominal, neck, subcutaneous and thigh intramuscular fat deposits, respectively. The back fat thickness of chicks receiving diets containing carvacrol, thymol and menthol was significantly (P<0.05) lower than that of control group. The blood serum concentration and ratio of estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone, cortisol and progesterone of chicks fed diets containing carvacrol, thymol and menthol had no significant difference with control (P>0.05). According to the results of this study, it seems that carvacrol and thymol will result to reduction in ileal fat digestibility and carcass fat of broilers especially in subcutaneous fat.]]>
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0.05). In European efficiency factor models, the jejunal villi surface area and glycogen contents of liver and breast muscle at 7 days of age, the linear components showed highest contribution (0.61 to 0.79) of variation in chick responses. The results of this research showed that maximum European efficiency factor at 7 days of age can be achieved by in-ovo administration of HMB and dextrin (0.54 and 39.03 percent, respectively) in amnion fluid till maximum 20.79 hours feed deprivation after hatch.]]>
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0.01).Also addition of 2 mM BHA significantly improved the progressive motility and membrane integrity compared to rest of the groups (P>0.05). However, different levels of BHA and BHT have not shown any significant difference in viability of ram sperm (P>0.05). So it is concluded that the addition of 2 mM BHA to the extender could improves the freezability of Ram semen.]]>
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